for I am sure it has bine so to me, and my com fally to your hands. I thank you for bart has felt enufe, more then I hope it shall senóling me so good nuse of your younge ever doe agine, and I pray God release ms Mittres. I am very glad that she is so delikat quickly out of it by your ipeedly coming hea. a creatur, and of fu swett a disposicion. Incher agane to her chat ders as derly love you as ded, my Lily Bristo sent me word shee was a ever woman ded love you. And if every verie fine lady, and as good as fine. I am bardy ded love you but a quarter so well, you very glad of it, and that the Prince liks h-r su were the hapuest man that ever was borne,' well, for the Kinge ses he is wonderfully but that is unpollible ; but I proreft I thinko taken with her. It is a wonderfull good you ar the best belov'd that ever faverilt was; hearing, for it were grett pettye but the for all that has true worth in them canot buc Prince Thoukl bare on he can love, because love your swett disposizion If I were not I thinke he will make a very honest husband, lo nere you as I thanke Christ I am, I could which is the greatest comfort in this world, faç no les if I feed cruth; for I think there to have nau and wife love truly. I tould was never such a man borne as you ar. And the Kinge of the privat melage the Infanta bw much I ano hound to God that I must be hla sent to the Prince, to were a great rouse. He that hapye woman to injoy you from all ou- Just hartely at it, and feed it was a very goode ther women, and the unworthiest of all to fie I am very glad that you send to baien hare so great a bluring! Only this can I say the thips. I hope you men not to staye longe, for myself, you could never a had on that which I am very glade of. The Kinge tould axulu love you better then your poore true lov- me to daye, tha: my fither thould go with ing Cate doth, poore now in your absenes, but the fl-et. If you intend to lay tell the elle the hapyett and richett woman in the Princes commiing, then 1 humbly thanke you world. I thanke you for your longe letters. for making chwys of my father ; but if you I thinke I must give Sir Frances Cottington coin hom afore, as I trult in God you will, thanks for it to, because you say he bad you then I confese I wood have nobody go in your right longe letters. I am beholding to him ores but yourself: therfore I pray thinke of for it, becaure I am sure he knue they could it, and you may take my fither with you if never be to longe for me ; for it is all the you please. 1 wood I might go with you. ; comfort-1 have now, to read often over your I can find you no cartan word yett of my letters. My reason I desired you not to do being with child, but I am not out of hope; it Uds, for fear of trubling you to much; butt we must refre all to Goxl. As fone as I bur fens you thinke it non, I am much bound am quick, I will send you word if I be with to your it, and I beseche you to contemme it. child. I thanke Goal Mall is very well with 1 tope you see by this I have not omped her wening. This with my caly prayers for righting by any that went, for this is the fix. our hipy metting, I take my leve. ieith letter (at the lett) I have righten to you Your loving and obe tent wife, fe'is you went, whereof (wo of them I lent K. BUCKINGHAM. bş com.n posts, but I hope they will all send me word when you coin." “ I pray OBMERVATIONS on LONGEVITY. By ANTHONY FOTHERGILL, M. D. F. R.S. [From the “ MEMOIRS of the LTTERARY Society of MANCHESTER.') 1 HAVE often thought, it would be an judge of the degree of credibility that may useful undertaking to collect into one point leen due to the respective facts, and of the of view, the memorable instances of long- allowance which it may appear necesay to bved persons, whose ages are recorded by make for that natural propenlay which monumental inscriptions, biographical wri. mankind have ever betrayed for the marveltings, or even b'; the public privits. The on- lous. Nw, üdmitting that many of the 3ges by judicious attempt I have yet seen of this may have been somewhat exaggerated, yet kind, was hy the ingenious Mr. W'bitebuilt, Millihere can be no po:ible coabt, that even a few years ago, in his Inquiry into the Ori. there have extended far beyond the ordinary in and Formation of the Earth. To the period of life, and may therefore he entiiled examples of longevity mentioned by him, as in a place in the following Tatt-s, which I culiected by a person of veracity from the submit to your confideration, as a imall fpeabo, e lources, I have now added sundry re. cimen of what might be incre worthy your markible instances of a similar kind, as they attention, if conducted here after on a larger bave occurred to me in the course of reading ; scale, and putused with chronological accu. aod lave annexed the authorities, (to far as гасу. w.25 practicable) that you may be enabled to Eurof. MĄC. U TABLE 126 } Do. 120 112 141 146 Ireland June 24, 1970 [4] } Both living Thomas Parre Died November 16, 1635 Phil. Trans. Vo. 44. Henry Jenkins 169 Yorkshire Died December 8, 1670. Phil. Tranf, No. 221. Robert Montgomery Ditto Died in 1670 James Sards 140 Do. Fuller's Wortbies, P.47 140 Raleigh's Hift. p. 166. Died 1691 1 J. Sagar Lancalhire. 1668 5 Laurence 140 Living Trionia Died May 30, 1764 Col. Thomas Winflow Aug. 26, 1766 150 Jan. , Margaret Forfter 136 Cumberland Dirto her Daughter 104 1771 Francis Pons France Dird Feb. 6, 1769 134 Living -1777 se] Died James Bowels 152 Killingworth Aug. 15, 1656) John lice March, 1774 [2] 125 Worcitershire John Mount 1;6 Scouand Feb. 27, :766 [?] A. Goldsmith 140 June 1776 17 Mary Yates 128 Shropshire 1776 John Bales 126 April 5, 1706 (?) William Ellis 130 Liverpool Aug. 16, 17801 Louila Truxo, a Negress 175 Tucomea, s. America Living o&. 5; 1789 [-] in S. America 138 Lockneugh near Paisley Lynche's Guide to Health Margaret Parten 108 Fintray, Scotland Dicd O&. 10, 1780) Janet Taylor Richard Loyd 133 Montgomery Lynche's Guide to Health Paddington, NorthampSusannah Hilliar Died Feb. 19, 1;8: (0) tonshire James Hayley 112 Middlewich, Cheshire March 17, 178, 11) Stoke-Bruerne, North 105 Ann Cockbolt April 5, 1975 Barcle of Edge-Hill. 1 100 1 [2] Fuller's Worthies, p. 140. vol. III. p. 36. Daily Advertises, March 1994. Th1 Morning Poti, Feb. 29, 1-10. [] Daily Advertiles, June 7, :755. [k] Ibiderr, August 22, 17;6. Saints Church. Northampın. I IIO 120 If we look back to an early period of In Faventia 132 the christian ara, we shall find that Italy has been, at leaft about that time, peculiarly propitious to longevity. Lord Bacon observes, In Rimino 150 Years, viz. that the year of our Lord 76, in the reign of Marcus Aponius, Pifpafian, was memorable'; for in that year Mr. Carew, in his Survey of Cornwall, was a taxing which afforded the most authen. assures ns, that it is no unusual thing, with tic method of knowing the ages of men. the inhabitants of that county, to reach ninety From it, there were found in that part of years of age and upwards, and even to reitaly lying between the Appennine moun. tain their strength of body, and perfect use of tains and the river Po, one hundred and their senses. Beftjes Brown, the Cornith [wenty-four persons who either equalled, or beggar, who lived to one hundred and twen. exceeded one hundred years of age, namely: ty, and one Polezew to one hundred and TABLE II. thirty years of age, he remembered the de cease of four persons in his own parith, the 54 Persons of 100 Years each. sum of whose years, taken collectively, 57 amounted to three hundred and forty. Now, 125 although longevity evidently prevails more in certain districts than in others, yet it is by no means confined to any particular nation or 140 climate ; nor are there waiting instances of lo Parma 3 123 Years each. it, in almost every quarter of the globe, as 130 appears from the preceding, as well as the 125 fubsequent Table. la Platentia 131 ITO 130 136 2 In Brussels 1 100 Yippocrates, Physician 104 Illand of Cos Lynche on Health, chap.3. Abdera Bacon's History, 1095. Galen, Physician 140 Pergamius Vort. Inst. or lib. 3. Hakewell's Ap. lib. 1. Died Jan. 18, 1782. Gen. 140 Gazetteer, April 18.b. Fulgofus, 1.b. . Abraham Paiba Charlitown, South142 General Gazetteer. Carolina L. Tertulla 137 Armiuium Fulgosus, lib. 8. Lewis Cornaro Venice Bacon's Hift. of Life, &c. p. 134: Robert Blakeney, Esq. 114 Armagh, Ireland General Gazetteer. Margaret Scott 125 Dalkeith, Scotland See inscrip. on her Tomb in Dal eich Ch. Yard. W. Galitonc 149 Ireland Tuller's Worthies. J. Brighe 105 Ladlow Lynche on Health. William Poltell France Bacon's History, p. 134. June Reeves in3 Ellex Si.j.Cbron. June 27, 2781. W. Paulet, Marquis of Winchefer 106 Hampshire Baker's Chton. p. 502. 116 Gen. Gaz. O&t. 29, 1782. Patrick Wian 115 Scet. 4, Chap. 8. Buchanan's Hitt. of Scot. Carmarthen WorkGen. Gazetter, Oct. 12, Evan Williams 145 1782. 120 The The Antediluvians are purposely omitted, bundred and forty-two perfons survived the as bearing too little reference to the present bundredth year of their age ! This overgrown face of mortals, to afford any satisfactory metropolis is computed, by my learned friend Conclusions ; and the improbable Itories of Dr. Price, to contain a ninth part of the in. some serions, who have almost rivalled them habitants of England, and to consume angu. in modern limes, border too much upon the ally seven thousand persons, whu remove marvellous, to find a place in these Tables. into it from the country every year, without The present examples are abunda: tly sufficio increasing it. He moreover observes, that ent to prove, that longevity does not depend the number of inhabiiants, in England and so much, as has been supposed, on any par. Wales, has diminished about one fourth ticular climate, situation, or occupation in part since the Revolution, and so rapidly of life. For we see, that it often prevails in late, that, in eleyen years, near 200,000 of places, where all tacle are extremely dili. our common people have been loft! If milar; and il would, moreover, be very diffi. the calculation be just, however alarming it cult, in the histories of the several persons may appear in a national view, there is this al ove-mentioned, to find any circumstance confol..cion, when considered in a philofophicommon to them all, except, perhaps, that cal light, that without partial evil, there can of being born of tealthy parents, and of be- be no general good ; and that what a nat ou ing inured to daily labour, temperance, and lofes in the scale of populatiou at one period, fimplicity of diet. Among the inferior ranks it gains at another; and thus probably, the of mankind, therefore, rather than amongit average number of inhabitants, on the firthe fons of ease and luxury, thall we tund face of the globe, continues, at all times, the most numerous initauces of longevity ; nearly the same. By this medium, the world even frequently, when oti er external circum. is neither overstocked with inbabitants, por Itances seem extremely un'avourable : as in kept too thin, but life and death keep a tolethe case of the poor texton at Peterborough, rable equal pace. The inhabitants of this wlo, rotwithstanding his unpromising occu- inland, comparatively speaking, are but as ja:ion among dead bodies, lived long enough the dutt of the balance; yet, instead of being io bury two crowned beds, and to survive diminished, we are assured by other writers, {wo complete generatio's The livelihood that, within these thirty years, they are of Hinry Yenkins, and old Parre, is said to greatly increased g. have confitted chiefly of the coarsett fure, as The Jefire of felf-preservation, and of they depended on precarious alms. To which protracting the thort span of life, is fo intimay be added, th: remu kable inftance of mately interwoven with our conftitution, that Agnes Milluone, who, after b.inging forth a it is jully esteemed one of the first princinumerous off poing, and being obliged, thru' ples of our nature, and, in spite even of exireme ind genice, to pass the latter part of pain and milery, leidom quits us to the latt her life in St. Luke's workhouse, yet reached moments of our existence. It seems, thereber hundredth and fixth year, in that sordid, fore, to be no less our duty than our interest, unfriendly situation t. Toe riain dice and to examine minutely into the various means invigorating employments of a country life that have been considered as conducive to are acknowledged, on all lands. to be highly health and long life ; and, if poffible, to couducive to health and longevity, while the distinguish such circumstances as are eflential Juxury and refinements of large ciries are al- to that great end, from those which are merely Tiwed to be equally imitructive to che human accidental. But here, it is much to be re. ipecies : and this confule. alion alone, per gretted, that an accurate history of the lives haps, more than counterbalatices all the boatt- of all the remarkable persons, in the above ed privileges of superior elegance and cisili- Table, fo far as relates to the diet, regimeni, zation relulting from a city life. and the use of the nin naturals, has not been From country villages, and not from faithfully handed down to us ; without which crouled cities, bave the preceding initarices it is impossible to draw the neceflary inferenof loutevily been chiefly supplied. - Acco:d- ces. Is it not then a matter of astonith men', only it appears, from the London Bills of that historians and philosophers lave bitter to Mortality, during a period of thirty yel's, paid so little atiention to longevity? If the Vi2. trim the year 1728 10 1758, the tum prelent imperfect lift should excite others, of the deaths announted to 550,322, and of more leisure and better abilties, to undertut, in all this prodigious gumber, voly two take a full investigation of tu interesting a Fuller's Worthies, p. 293, from a Memorial in the Cathedral at Peterborough. + Luncle's Guide to Health, C. III. Observations on Population, &c p. 305. * fuhject, the enquiry night prove not only we noi, in some measure, account why in. curious, but highly useful to mank md. In It inces of lo:gevity are so much more frequent crder to furnih materials for a future hiftory in the country, thian in great cities; where of longevity, the bills of moi tulity, throuzli. the air, instead of partaking lo largely of out the kingd m, ought futt to be reviled, this falutary impregnation, is daily contamiand put on a belier footing ; agreeably to the nated with noxious animal effluvia, and scheme which you pointed out some time ago, phlogiston ? and of which Muchetter and Chester have With respect to climate, various obferalready given a specimen highly worthy of vations conspire to prove, that those regious imillion. The plun, however, might be which lie within the temperate zones are further improved, with very little trouble, belt calculated to promote long life. Hence, by add.ug a particular account of the diet and perhaps, may be explained, why Italy bas 10.mea of every perfon who dies at eighty produced so many long livers, and why pars of age, or upwards; and trentioning, lands in general are more falutary than ConWheltier luis parents were healthy, long-lived tinents; of wbich Bermudas, and some others, people, &c. &c. An accurate register, thus atford examples. And it is a pleafing cirestablished throughout the British Jominions, cumstance, that our own INand appears would be productive of many important ad. from the above Talic, (notwithstanding the vantages to society, not only in a medical and sudden vicillitudes tu which it is liable) to plokupical, but also in a political and mo- Cintain far more inttances of longevity than ral view. li is therefore to be hoped, that could well be imagined. The ingenious Mr. the legiflature will not long delay taking an Wbitchurft afires us, from certain facts, ojct of such great utility into their serious th:1 Englithmen are, in general, longer lived wofideration. than North Americans; and that a British Al the circunstances that are most ef- constitution will last longer, even in that sentially necefsary to life, may be comprized climate, than a native one in. But it must be wider ihe fix fullowing heads : allowed in general, that the human constitu1. Air and climate. tion is adapted to the peculiar state, and tem and excretions. 2. Meat and drink. 5. Sleep and watching. perature, of each respective climate, so that 3. Motion and ieft. | 6. Affections of the 110 part of the habitable globe can be pro nounced too hot, or too cold, for its inhabi4. The secrecions mind. Yet, in order to promote a friendly These, though all perfectly natural to intercourse between the most remote regions, the conftitution, have by writers been styled the Author of Nature has wisely enabicu the the ran nalura's, by a strange perversion of muliabicants to endure great and surprinog linguage; and have been all copiously hands chtiges of temperature with impunity t. led under that improper term. However, it 2. Foods and drink. Though foods and may not be amiss to offer a few short obser- drink, of the most simple kinds, are allowed vations on eacli, as they are so immediately to be the bett calculated for supporting the congccted with the preient lubject. hully in health, yet it can hardly be doubteil, 1. Air, &c. It has long been known, but variety may be safely indulged occathu freth air is more immediately necessary fondly, provided men would restrain their to life than fou; for a man may live two appetites within the bounds of temperance. er three days without the latter, but not ma- For ivountiful nature cannot be supposed to Dy minutes without the former The vivia have poured forth such a rich profufion of fying principle contained in the atmosphere, provisions, merely to tantalize the human fo efsential to the support of flame, as well species, without attributing to her the part as animal fame, concerning which auchor's of a cruel step-dame, instead of that of the have propoled so many conjectures, appears kind and indulgent parent. Besides, we find, Dow to be nothing else but that pure dephlo tha: boy the wonderful powers of the digestive gisticated Huid lately discovered by that inge- organs, a variety of animal and vegetable Tisous philofopher Dr. Priestley. The com- substances, of very discordant principles, are non almosphere may well be fuppoled to be happily affimilated into one bland homogemore or less healthy in proportion as it neous chyic; therefore, it seems natural to abounds with this animaling principle. As dittrust those cynical writers, who would ri. this exbales, in copious streams, from the gidly confine mankind to one fimple dish, green leaves of all kinds of vegét.bles, even and their drink to the mere water of the trom those of the most poisonous kind, may brook. Nature, it is true, bas pointed out tants. * Enquiry into the Original Scare and Formation of the Earth. See remarkable inftances of this, in the Account of Experiments in a heated room, by Dr. George Fordyol, and others. Phil. Trans. vol. LXIX. |