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724. To concentrate and give effect to individual labours, societies have, latterly, been formed in all parts of the world: and on these now depend, in a great degree, the further improvement of man.

Thus, in England, we have the Royal Society, the Antiquarian Society, the Royal Academy, the Society of Arts, and the Board of Agriculture.

In France, there is the Imperial or Royal Institute; and at Berlin, Madrid, and Petersburgh, royal societies like those of London.

America likewise has its societies: and there are others in India ;-all labouring for the promotion and propagation of knowledge.

Obs.-Effect has been given to study; and improvements have been accelerated, in every branch of knowledge, by means of the Art of Printing. In England, alone, this art is the means of producing 800 new publications per annum; besides 70 magazines, journals, and reviews; and 250 several newspapers. Of the Monthly Magazine, esteemed the best in Europe, nearly 5000 are regularly sold; and of all the monthly works, at least 100,000 per month. Of the newspapers throughout the United Kingdom, above half a million are sold per week.

TO THE

UNIVERSAL PRECEPTOR.

Questions on Chap. I. to VII.

1 What art was not common to all savage life? 2 What was the probable discovery of metals? 3 What part of a column is the capital?

4 What sorts of grain best suit stiff soils?

5 If only two people lived on an acre in England, how many inhabitants would it support?

6 What are the English effecting for the people of Hindostan? Among what nations is there at this day no property in land?

8 What changes do silkworms undergo?

9 What were the substitutes for glass windows before the invention of glass?

10 What was the mode of life among the earliest families? 11 What were the ancient qualifications of a chief?

12 What are the native or indigenous fruits of England? 13 What root did Raleigh bring from America, and when? 14 Of what classes of minerals are chalk, diamond, gold, coals, and salt?

16 What are the improved breeds of sheep in England, and what is the value of the fleece of each?

17 What is the use of tan-pits?

18 What is the warp in weaving?

19 What is the most convenient material for building, and how obtained?

20 What is an oxyde ?

21 What number of pounds per day would an acre of ground produce in mutton, potatoes, peas, carrots, or parsnips 22 How many horses are employed in purposes of pleasure? 23 What is meant by rotation of crops, and what is the use of it?

24 What savage people were without the use of fire?

25 What is the condition of man in a savage state?

26 How many different kinds of grass are there, and what are the two principal subdivisions?

27 What is the use of knowledge?

28 How many farms might there be in England and Wales, if they were all of the smallest beneficial size?

29 What are coals, and where are the principal coal works? 30 Which is the heaviest, and which the lightest of the me

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tals, and how many pounds of the lightest will make ten pounds of the heaviest ?

31 What metal is essential to agriculture?

32 What is the process called by which fruits are improved? 33 What is paint made of, and for what purpose?

34 What is glass made of, and how was it discovered? 35 How many orders of architecture are there? and trace them or copy them neatly.

36 What is the chief manufacture of Lancashire and Lanarkshire?

37 How many unwound cones of raw silk will extend round the world?

38 What breeds of oxen are the most preferred?

39 What are stiff, what light, and what barren soils?

40 What people go a week without food?

41 What was the condition of the ancient Britons? 42 What is lime used for?

43 Where is the greatest quantity of silk produced? 44 What are the people who live in wigwams, and who those that live underground?

45 How many people in England eat up ten oxen in a year? 46 If all the inhabitants in Great Britain ate potatoes only, and each ate six pounds per day, how many more people might be maintained than at present?

47 What poet has so well described a cotton-mill? and transcribe and repeat his lines.

48 What is linen made of, what ropes, and what calico? and describe the processes.

49 How is wool prepared?

50 How is metal separated from the ore?

Questions on Chap, vIII. IX. X. XI.

51 What is the general principle of the mechanical powers? 52 Why will not water rise 50 feet in a pump?

53 In what is a ducal coronet like a marquisat, and in what do they differ?

54 What are the duties of man in society?

55 What are the commanders of armies and fleets called? 56 Who wrote certain lines against war? and transcribe and repeat them.

57 How is water forced to such great heights out of fire-engines?

58 In how many days and years would a cannon-ball reach the sun, which is 96 millions of miles off?

59 If the army estimates for 1811 were 18,000,000 pounds sterling, how much is that per man?

60 With what authority do the taxes originate?
61 Who commit accused persons to prison for trial?

62 What is the whole of the projecting angle of a fortification

called?
63 If a horse weigh 600 lbs. and he walk 4 miles an hour,
creating a momentum of 24 (4X6) how fast must a man
run who weighs 200 lbs., to overpower and knock down
the horse?

64 What is the triumph of mechanics?

65 What is the valve of a pump, and how does it move?
66 How is the inland trade of Great Britain carried on?
67 Name the eight principal points of the compass?
68 What country encourages none but inland trade?
69 Where are carpets chiefly manufactured, and how are
they wove?

70 What is a political constitution?

71 What is the duty of a grand jury?

72 What is a ship of the line?

73 What are the names of the soldiers that serve on board of

ship?

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74 What is the sloping green bank called that surrounds a
fortress?

75 What weight or height of quicksilver is equal to 33 feet of

water?

76 What is the common law?

77 What was the origin of wars?

78 Who make laws in England?

79 What is the loadstone, and what are its uses?

80 What do the English import from France and Sweden?
81 Which now is the greatest trading nation in the world,
and to what countries is its trade carried on?

82 In the highest wrought steel, what is the proportion be-
tween the value of the original metal and the labour
bestowed?

83 How many pins can one person make a-day by properly
dividing the labour with others?

84 What is the origin of trade and commerce?

85 To what part of the world are felons transported?
86 How were the first countries divided?

87 Who command regiments?

88 How does the constitution of England secure liberty?'
89 What is the principle of the construction of forts and

castles ?

?

90 what are the nature and distinctions of property?
91 What are the several ranks of officers in the navy
92 How many merchant vessels are engaged in the trade of
Great Britain?

93 What are the manufactures of Sheffield, Paisley, and Wor

cester?

94 How many trades are required in the production of the Universal Preceptor?

95 How many valves are there in a pump, and where are they situated?

96 What are the prerogatives of the king?

97 What is the course of the law against a man who has committed a crime?

98 Trace or copy the coronets of peers.

99 What are the titles of the heads of the church, the law, the navy, and army?

Questions on Chap. XIV.

100 How can the earth be said to be round, when there are such high hills and great inequalities on its surface ? 101 If an eclipse of the moon takes place at two in the morn

ing, and by the almanac it ought to happen in London at half-past ten in the evening, in what longitude is the observer?

102 What is the character of the English territories in India? 103 What people consider train oil the greatest luxury? 104 On the days on which the sun passes vertical at Port Royal in Jamaica, i. e. in 18 degrees of north latitude, in what north latitude will it be uninterrupted day?

105 what are the causes of summer heat?

106 who are the people whom the Europeans have been used to steal and sell for slaves ?

107 what are the parts of an artificial globe ?

108 who discovered America, and when;

109 which are the Asiatic seas?

110 How many human beings die on the average every mi

nute?

111 How many sones are there, and point them out on the

map.

112 which is the top or upper part of the earth?

113 How many varieties are there of the human species ? and let the pupil put his finger on the map towards the part of the world where each variety resides.

114 How many degrees of west longitude can there be, or in what degrees do east and west meet?

115 what are the characters of the planets, and make them with the pen?

116 what is the relative situation of the moon when it is full ? 117 what is the use of the moon?

118 How many continents are there on the globe?

119 Repeat Chatterton's lines describing the solar system.

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