The Outlook 125 126 ABBOT ACADEMY PEPSIENY Thel 129 Costman am Tadel Ane t MASSACHUSETTS FOR private schools. NORTHAMPTON, MASSACHUSETTS Copyright, 1918, by The Outlook Company Opposite Smith College Campus MISS HELEN E. THOMPSON, Headmistress TABLE OF CONTENTS THE MISSES ALLEN SCHOOL Vol. 118 January 23, 1918 No. 4 THE OUTLOOK IS PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THE OUTLOOK COMPANY, WEST NEWTON, Mass. 381 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK. LAWRENCE Y. ABBOTT. PRESIDENT. N. T. PULSIFER, VICE-PRESIDENT. FRANK C. HOYT, TREASURER. ERNEST H. ABBOTT, SECRETARY. TRAVERS D. CARMAN, ADVERTISING MANAGER. YEARLY SUBSCRIPTIONS FIFTY-TWO ISSUES YOUR DOLLARS IN ADVANCE. ENTERED faculty, small classes, individual attention. Boys taught AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER AT THE NEW YORK POST OFFICE work, offers also instruc how to study. Military training. Supervised athletics. 320 year. For catalogue address Bordentown, N. J. Col. T. D. LANDON, Principal. An Announcement.... 125 formation address Miss Beard's School for Girls One Cause of the Coal Shortage. 26th Year V. of C. (Div. E) Chicago, Ill. Mikobell Terra Orange, New Jersey. Booklet on request. 125 MISS LUCIE C. BEARD, Principal. Fuel, Life-Saving, and Industry. Should the Theaters be Closed ?. 125 Kent Place: A School for Girls More Food for Our Allies .... SUMMIT, N. J. (near New York) Speed Up the War ... 126 126 Cartoons of the Week 127 NEW YORK 128 A Battle at Sea... 128 128 128 A School for Girls. ANDOVER, MASS. Founded 1828. tice in required duties. 129 23 miles from Boston. General course with Household Accounting, Banking, Civil Service, Secretarial We Should Not Bind Ourselves.. and Teachers' courses. Both sexes. Has trained more than 129 ful men. 130 ELM HILL A Private Home and School for any week-day. Catalog on request. 131 Getting Things Done and Leaving Things The training Undone : How the Navy Orders Its Yonkers Homeopathic Hospital and Maternity offers oppor Guns-Contrast with Army Delay- tunity to young women to learn nursing. Accepted candi- Further Facts Brought out in the Senate Investigation Secretary Baker's Test: mony 132 RUTH COIT, Head Mistress, 36-40 Concord Ave., Cambridge, Mass. St. John's Riverside Hospital Training German-Russian Peace... 133 By Samuel Colcord School for Nurses Two Letters That Explain themselves.. 134 23 Highland St., Natick, Mass. YONKERS, NEW YORK The President and Peace: A Poll of Opinions.... 136 York. 137 For many years known as “The Burnham School." can Small Town in War Time.... PENNSYLVANIA 42nd year opens September, 1918. Arthur McQuaid, American : The End School of Horticulture for Women of a Day... 138 By Herman Schneider 140 143 THE LAW Knoll Papers : The Making of a Minister 146 structure, and writing of the Short-Story taught TRAINERS Free Book Tells By Lyman Abbott HowYou Can Learn Law 148 One student writes: "Before in yoursparetimethrough a non-res- By Jean Brooke Burt Business to Win...... 148 sold to Woman's Home Com. ed leading institution of its kind in America What the Women are Doing for Our Army every man ir business or who is ambitious for and Navy: The Hospitable Y. W. C. A. in War Time.... We Bring the Law to You Thousands of men now successful execu Weekly Outline Study of Current History 152 tives at large salaries have taken the Blackstone Course and profited by it. By J. Madison Gabbany, A.M. Learn the law-it trains you for the A Community Wood Chopping Day..... 154 for 118 By Kenneth B, Welles Dert. No. 211 608 S. Dearborn St. A New Old Tune to “ The Battle Hymo Book Now 156 159 161 161 By A. P. Hollis By the Way... Christian ministry; meets the present demand for trained lay workers in church, Sunday-school and BY SUBSCRIPTION $4.00 A YEAR. Single copies 10 cents For foreign subscription to countries in the Postal Union, $5.56. Address all communications to THE OUTLOOK COMPANY New York City Hi Short-Story Writing 149 HARTFORD 162 How a big man played an uphill game and WON! along with ambitious young men in their employ. Among the 65,000 subscribers are such men as A. T. Hardin, Vice-Presi. dent of the New York Central Lines; E. R. Behrend, President of the Hammermill Paper Co.; N. A. Hawkins, Manager of Sales, Ford Motor Co.; William C. D'Arcy, President of the Associated Advertising Clubs of the World; Melville W. Mix, President of the Dodge Manufacturing Co., and scores of others equally prominent. 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Alexander Hamilton Hamilton Institute 49 Astor Place, New York City Send me "FORGING AHEAD IN BUSINESS" — Free Name Print here Business Address Business Position The Outlook JANUARY 23, 1918 On account of the war and the consequent delays in the mails, both in New York City and on the railways, this copy of Laurence La Tourette Driggs, the aviation expert, whose stories of the daring air pilot Arnold Adair printed in The Outlook have proved to be not only absorbing tales of adventure but luminous accounts of the varied services of aviators in war time, has prepared for The Outlook a list of "aces” of aviation. This will appear in next week’s Outlook—the first list of the kind, we believe, to appear in America. Accompanying the list will be an article on the subject by Mr. Driggs. sumer. THE WEEK ONE CAUSE OF THE COAL SHORTAGE tion last week when he gave out the following “ sequence of The managers of factories which are now threatened with preference:” 1. To householders ; 2. To public utilities supplythe necessity of closing their doors, and the citizens who have ing light and heat ; 3. To ships transporting food and war been struggling to get a few hodfuls of coal in order that heat materials to the American and Allied armies ; 4. To industries less days shall not be added to the meatless and wheatless days making war supplies ; 5. To other industries. prescribed by the Food Administration, have reason to recall to Opinions may differ as to the precise order here chosen, but their minds one of the fundamental facts responsible for the the method seems the only sensible one, since the free play of present shortage of coal. demand and supply is impossible and undesirable under the Last June Secretary Lane called together the coal operators present Governmental control. It is to be assumed that hosand induced them to reorganize their systems of distribution in pitals are included in public utilities ;” other lists made by order that the delivery of coal might be expedited. In agree State officials place hospitals first. ment with the Secretary of the Interior the coal operators abso One New York paper last week bore the odd headline, lutely surrendered their power to fix prices and gave this power Churches and Saloons Not to Close.” Schools have closed in without reserve to the United States Government. Thereupon large numbers in New York and New England. the Secretary of the Interior, in conjunction with the Federal The wretched weather and storm conditions in the first half Trade Commission and the Coal Production Committee of the of January made actual progress in providing a working supply Council of National Defense, fixed a scale of maximum prices of coal in New York and New England (to say nothing of rewhich they thought would assure the production of the maxi- serves) almost impossible, while Chicago has suffered from snow inum amount of coal at the lowest possible cost to the con and storm almost beyond endurance; and from the South came reports of zero weather and worse in places where this was Secretary Baker and Secretary Daniels immediately there unexampled, and of many consequent deaths from exposure. after repudiated this agreement, Secretary Daniels basing his Just as this page went to press the Fuel Administrator, Dr. action upon the fact that he had purchased coal at a much lower Garfield, issued a drastic order closing factories (with certain figure for the Navy, and ignoring the fact that some mines have exceptions) for five days and ordering Monday holidays to and a much lower cost of production than the average--for exam including March 25. This has aroused a wide protest on the ple , because of low wages and low living conditions. ground that it will cause as much waste and hardship as it It is said that the coal prices finally fixed by the Government will prevent. led the operators to center their attention chiefly upon supplying the coal for which contracts already existed, to the detri SHOULD THE THEATERS BE CLOSED ? ment of that large portion of the consuming public which does not ordinarily provide itself with contracts in advance. Some Among the schemes proposed to save coal has been that to of the coal operators complain that the Government price has close theaters and vaudeville and motion-picture houses three compelled them to supply coal at a loss to shipping firms that are days a week. making exorbitant profits from their business, shipping firms The effect of such a rule would be chiefly noticeable in New which in their own countries were compelled to pay a much York City, with its 118 places of such entertainment. They higher price for coal than they have found it necessary to pay burn some $2,500 worth of coal a day; were they closed in colă in the American market. weather they would still have to burn much fuel to prevent the While the country is less interested in this phase of the prob- freezing of their sprinkler systems. lem than it is in the supply of coal for our homes, hospitals, and The attendant loss to the Government, however, of taxes industries, it is an item which should not be ignored when we on admission would much exceed any possible saving in coal. So come to sum up the loss to the country which resulted from the far from saving something to the Government, therefore, the repudiation of the Lane agreement. scheme would work the other way and the saving of coal would be very slight. But this is not all. At least twelve thousand employees, to FL'EL, LIFE-SAVING, AND INDUSTRY say nothing of some thirty-five hundred actors and actresses, It may be that the question as to closing down non essential would be reduced to part pay on half-time employment. iudustries may be settled by the coal famine itself. If there is Nor is even this all. London and Paris have long since not enough coal for every one, there must be either a haphazard recognized the theaters as distinct means of stimulating a scramble or a control of priority. The Government, in other cheery, soldierly spirit. All the theaters in those cities are words, need not order any industry or factory to close ; it may open and crowded. In New York City there are very many simply see that coal goes first where it is most needed in a soldiers and sailors on leave. They seek warmth, light, and sound, humane, patriotic sense. entertainment. They and their families and friends are now the Dr. Garfield, the Fuel Administrator, moved in this direc most prominent patrons of the theaters. Incidentally never have these places offered more wholesome amusement. Why nity from attack by other nations. In so saying Mr. Roosevelt close them and drive our men in khaki and our men in blue to did not fail to add that it would be foolhardy not to introduce other places? If there is to be closing, let it be first the closing a system of real preparedness based upon universal military of the saloons and more questionable resorts. training. Such an army, in his opinion and ours, would be not only the most democratic but might be the most efficient in the world. MORE FOOD FOR OUR ALLIES The Food Administration is planning to ship ninety million bushels of wheat to our allies, although the country's estimated OUR AIRPLANE PROGRAMME surplus had been shipped by mid-December. The country can Last week we inquired, in an editorial, “ Is all well with not ship abroad food which it does not have. Such a statement our airplane programme ?” In the course of our inquiry we may sound almost simple enough to be foolish, but it might be expressed the opinion that information, whether good news or a good plan to hang this statement over every dining-table in bad news, concerning not only our airplane programme but the country. also the actual achievements in carrying that programme out, Unless we still further limit our consumption of wheat should be given to the public. we shall certainly not have enough for our own needs nor Before the ink was dry on the issue of The Outlook containfor our allies. If we do not limit our consumption of wheat ing this editorial it happened that an official statement was issued voluntarily, we shall have to do so by law. The Food Adminis- describing the progress made in supplying America with war tration is already considering legislation to make the saving of aircraft. wheat compulsory, and has approved a bill drawn by Senator This statement was made by Mr. Howard E. Coffin, ChairPomerene, of Ohio, and Representative Lever, of Alabama, to man of the Aircraft Production Board. He outlined the proenforce wheatless days. Representative Lever. is one of the gramme under seven heads : closest students of agricultural conditions in the lower house of First, the establishment and maintenance of a great system Congress. of training stations. If we eat less wheat, we must eat more of something else. Second, an international standardization of aircraft. The Part of the vacancy in our regular menus can be filled by the Allied countries have already agreed on international specififamiliar South American tuber generally known as the Irish cations and a co-ordination of manufacturing facilities and potato. Grocers are urged to inaugurate a “ Potato Day” each policies. week, selecting whatever day is slack in deliveries and making Third, the construction of primary training machines. In a special price for potatoes delivered on that day. Housewives this the production“ will be in excess of the needs of the proare asked to buy a week's supply on each Potato Day. The Food gramme of January 20." Administration wishes to place the Irish potato every day in the Fourth, the provision of trained and equipped fliers and year on every table in America. The sale of regular quantities mechanics. This is a progressing exactly on schedule." of potatoes will equalize distribution for the next five or six Fifth, the provision of “raw and semi-finished material months, will relieve railway congestion, and will encourage the and finished parts, including motors, to insure the consummation production of a larger crop this coming year. Before this recom of the augmented Allied aircraft-building programme. This has mendation can be carried into full effect, however, the price of been and is being done." potatoes to consumers will have to be very much lower than it Sixth (and very important),“ to provide for the equipment of is at present. Five cents a pound for potatoes does not en the American forces in France for the period of January to June, courage the average city consumer to make the potato a 1918, in large part by purchase of fighting machines manufacpopular article of diet. tured in Allied countries, and to supply the machine tools and raw and semi-finished materials necessary to insure their produc tion.” This is a subject on which we believed the country was SPEED UP THE WAR specially entitled to information, for it is important to know At the Ohio Society dinner the other night in New York whether our country was to withhold its blow against the enemy City Mr. Roosevelt thus referred to the present exposure of until it had developed its Liberty motor. Mr. Coffin's answer military shortcomings : is reassuring. He says : “ One of the first acts of the Aircraft Our past lamentable failure in the speedy building of the Board, after the passage of the Appropriation Bill in July, was indispensable implements of modern war, and of the great trans to authorize the placing by General Pershing of orders for sevport Heet which alone will enable us to utilize our giant strength eral thousand fighting machines in Allied countries. Many after we have developed it, must merely spur us on to efficient millions of dollars' worth of material and machine tools have action in the present and the future. To refuse to see and to been shipped from this country to aid this production." point out these failures is both silly and unpatriotic. Seventh, the provision of service machines (that is, aircraft It is no mere accident that has made all the pro-German for actual use in warfare) after the first of next July. Origiorgans in the press clamor against the men who dare point out nally, advanced training was planned to be carried wholly on our shortcomings, the speaker proceeded to assert, for the pro the other side of the ocean, near the theater of war, so there Germans know well that our country's ruthless enemies, whom was no intent of providing any other than training planes on they serve as far as they dare, desire nothing so much as to see this side. Now, Mr. Cottin announces, it is planned to give this country afraid to acknowledge and make good its short- advanced training also on this side of the ocean, and consecomings; and those pro-Germans cloak their traitorous aid to quently “the delivery of advanced training planes will begin Germany under the camouflage of pretended zeal to save Amer this month." ican officials from just criticism." But there is an even In further explanation Mr. Coffin says that “ airplanes and lower depth,” Mr. Roosevelt affirmed, “ and this is reached by engines of the very latest European development are going into the men who treat the discovery of our shortcomings as a reason production in the United States as quickly as ... and in greater for relaxing our efforts to win the war.” quantities than, in. Allied countries, and that “the feat of getOur one and whole-hearted immediate aim, Mr. Roosevelt ting the twelve-cylinder U. S. A., or so-called Liberty, engine concluded, must be to speed up the war in every possible way from the first scratch on paper in June to the beginning of proand at the earliest moment to make our military strength of duetion of quantity-manufacturing tools in November is one decisive weight in Europe. Let us remember, he reminded never equaled even among the spectacular performances of bis auditors, that “our troops fight abroad beside the Allies the American motor-car business.' now so that at some future time they may not have to fight Mr. Coffin is one of the most far-sighted of those patriotic without allies beside their own ruined homes.” This carried citizens who helped to make preparation against war before our the twelve hundred diners to their feet, cheering. Government thought of doing so. What he says deserves the As to the future, only vision and firm purpose in preparing widest publicity; and the hard work he and his associates to deal with our industrial and military problems will enable us have been doing calls for the widest public approbation. More to guarantee future peaceful development at home and immu than that, public opinion must be kept alert to see that all the |