mediation of A. B. C. powers,
34-36; statement of general
policy of Wilson administra-
tion, 36-40; 215-216; failure of
mediation conference, 38; sig-
nificance of downfall of
Huerta, in its bearing on Wil-
son policies, 41; vindication of
President's policy toward, 41-
42; events in, in 1915, 73;
recognition of Carranza gov-
ernment, 74; Santa Ysabel
massacre and Villa raid, 95-96;
Pershing force in, 96; Pres-
ident Wilson's statement con-
cerning "sinister and unscru-
pulous influences" at work,
96-97, 312-314; unfriendly at-
titude of Carranza, especially
concerning Pershing expedi-
tion, 105-106; Carrizal inci-
dent, 106; rebuke administered
by President to advocates of
actual conquest in, 113, 335-
336; more conciliatory attitude
adopted by Carranza, 114;
President's defence of policy
respecting, in speech accepting
nomination for second term,
120-121; revelation of German
proposals to, 141-142; condi-
tion of affairs in February,
1917, between United States
and, 142 n.; effect of Presi-
dent's fundamental belief in
democracy on policy toward,
152; text of instructions given
to John Lind by President,
191-192; relations of United
States with, as dealt with in
President's second annual mes-
sage to Congress, 204-205; text
of President's address to Con-
gress on relations with, follow-
ing Tampico affair, 209-213;
extract from President's ad-

47; dangers of, shown by Ger-
man policy regarding mari-
time warfare, 54; fresh state-
ment by President as to (April
8, 1915), 58-59; new note
struck in interpretation of, in
statement to Associated Press,
59, 249-254; the dealing with
German demands becomes a
business of, 63; continued
change in President's attitude
toward, 77; denial of our right
to, by Germany, given as rea-
son for our sending an army
to Europe, 146; issuance of
first formal proclamation of,
225 n.; extracts from Presi-
dent's addresses on (April,
1915), 247-254; note of Secre-
tary Lansing to Great Britain,
championing cause of, 286–287.
Niagara Falls, conference of
mediation at, 38.
Nicaragua, relations between
United States and, at opening
of Wilson's first administra-
tion, 5 n.; case of non-recogni-
tion concerning, in 1855, 7 n.;
conditions of treaty ratified
with, in spring of 1916, 84.
Norway, favourable response re-
ceived from, to world peace
plan (1913), 12 n.

Omaha Commercial Club ad-
dress (October 5, 1916), 123,
126; extract from, 351-352.
Orders in Council, British, of
1914, 49; legality of changes
made by, denied by American
government, 57; exchange of
notes with Great Britain over
(1915), 75–76.

O'Shaughnessy, Nelson, Ameri-

can chargé at Mexico City, 31.

Panama Canal, policy to which
United States is forced by ob-
ligations respecting, 117-118.
Panama Canal Act of 1912,
provisions of, protested by
Great Britain, 5.

Panama Canal tolls, question of,
5; position taken by President
Wilson concerning, 28-30;
triumph of President Wilson
in fight for repeal of exemp-
tion clause, 38; motives actu-
ating President in repeal of,
153; text of address of Presi-
dent to Congress asking for
repeal of, 207-209.
Pan-American

conference to

consider Mexican affairs, 73-
74.

Pan-American

International

High Commission, creation of,
83 n.
Pan-Americanism,

President
Wilson's remarks concerning,
75.
Pan-American program of Wil-
son administration, as set
forth in President's speech of
January 6, 1916, 82-83, 300-302.
Pan-American Scientific Con-
gress, second meeting of, 82.
Papen, Franz von, recall of, 77.
Peace, President's address on
preservation of foundations of

(October 11, 1915), 283-285;
steps necessary for a world
peace, stated in President's ad-
dress to Senate (January 22,
1917), 362-370.

"Peace without victory," sug-

gested by President Wilson,
135; text of address on, 362-
370.
Pershing, General, expedition
led by, into Mexico, 96; with-
drawal of trops of, 142 n.

Persia, sinking of the, 85-86.
Peru, favourable response re-
ceived from, to world peace
plan (1913), 12 n.; recogni-
tion accorded newly estab-
lished government in (Febru-
ary, 1914), 27 n.
Philadelphia, President Wilson's
address at, in 1913, 20; speech
at, after sinking of Lusitania
("Too proud to fight
speech), 66-67, 256-261; ad-
dress at (July 4, 1914), deal-
ing with President's ideals and
purposes in his foreign policy,
219-225.

Philippine Islands, independence

of, in Democratic platform for
1912, 3 n.; references to inde-
pendence of, by President

Wilson, 3-4; first statements
of President's intended policy
toward, 19-20; ultimate inde-
pendence of, stressed in Presi-
dent's message of December,
1913, 25 n., 205-206; change in
President's policy toward, as
shown by signing of Jones
bill, 118-120; provisions of
Jones bill regarding, 119 n.;
effect of President's funda-
mental belief in democracy on
policy toward, 152; text of
President's message to citizens
of (October 6, 1913), 195-196;
text of President's message to
Congress (December 8, 1914),
dealing with increased self-
government in, 232.
Pope, President Wilson's reply
to the, 148, 408-411.
Porto Rico, greater powers in
self-government asked for, in
President's message of De-
cember, 1913, 25 n.
Preparedness, program of, pro-

posed in President's third an-
nual message, 80-82, 293-300;
outline of plan for, in Man-
hattan Club address (Novem-
ber 4, 1915), 77-78, 287-293;
program of, dwelt on by
President in addresses in Feb-
ruary, 1916, 91-92; purchase
of Danish West Indies a part
of program of, 117–118; prep-
araton of American people
to accept new attitude toward
relations to rest of world a
part of program of, 129; ex-
tract from President's address
on spirit of a program of,
282-283; text of typical speech
by President, delivered in ten
days' tour (January, 1916),
306-309.

Press Club, New York, address

(June 30, 1916), 114, 336–338.
Public opinion, as an element
conditioning direction of for-
eign affairs by President Wil-
son, 150-151; submission by
President of his foreign policy
to test of, 152; text of address
by President on importance
of, 336-338.

Purposes of United States, ex-
tracts from President's ad-
dresses setting forth (May-
June, 1916), 329-334.

Reinsch, P. S., article by, cited,
5.
Republican foreign policy, sup-
posed opposition of Demo-
cratic party's foreign policy
to, 4; increasing tendency of
Wilson administration's policy
to approach, 116–119.
Roosevelt, President, "Big Po-
liceman" course of action
pursued by, 16 n.; adverse

66

comment by, on 'peace with-
out victory" address, 137 n.
Root, Elihu, arbitration treaties
negotiated during secretary-
ship of, 13 n.; heads commis-
sion to Russia, 398 n.
Russia, threatened interruption
of trade relations with, at
opening of Wilson's first ad-
ministration, 6; favourable re-
sponse received from, to world
peace plan (1913), 12 n.;
revolution in, and abdication
of Czar, 142; recognition of
new government by United
States, 142; effect of over-
throw of autocracy on Ameri-
can feeling, 143; communica-
tion by President Wilson to
new government of, 145-146;
reference to, in President's
address asking for declaration
of war on Germany, 389; ex-
tract from communication of
President to provisional gov-
ernment, stating war aims of
United States, 398-400.

Salesmanship Congress, address
before (July 10, 1916), 115,
338-342.

Santa Ysabel, Chihuahua, mas-
sacre at, 95.

Scott, J. B., articles by, cited,

88, 96, 125 n., 143.
Shadow Lawn addresses (Oc-
tober-November, 1916), 123,
124, 126, 127, 128, 129, 352–358.
Shuster, W. M., "The Mexican
Menace" by, cited, 27 n.
Six Power loan to China, Presi-
dent Wilson's attitude toward,
9-10; text of President's
statement declining to request
American bankers to partici-
pate in, 181-182.

Smith, M., article on "Ameri-

can Diplomacy in European
War," cited, 62 n., 75.
South America, President Wil-
son on dangers involved in
concessions obtained by for-
eign companies in, 8, 20-21,
199-200; arbitration treaties
with countries of, 41; text of
statement by President Wil-
son of administration's atti-
tude toward republics of, 179-
180.

Southern Commercial Congress,

President Wilson's speech be-
fore (1913), 20-21, 199-202.
Spain, arbitration treaty signed
with (September, 1914), 48.
"Speak, act, and serve together "
message of President's, 393-
396.

Stanwood, E., History of the
Presidency, cited, 19 n.

Stone, Senator, letter of Secre-
tary Bryan to, answering
charges of discrimination
against Germany, 53-54;
President Wilson's letter to
(February 24, 1916), 94; ex-
tract from Secretary Bryan's
letter to, denying charges of
discrimination against Ger-
many and Austria, 240-241;
extract from letter by Presi-
dent to, 309–310.
Submarine issue, appearance of,

54-55; exchange of notes be-
tween Germany and America
concerning, 56-58; increasingly
pressing nature of, in spring
of 1915, 65; Lansing proposals
of January 18, 1916, relative
to, 89-90; crisis in relations
with Germany over, 99 ff.; list
of sinkings which involved
Americans, 100 n.; growing

difficulties over, in fall of 1916,
124-126; list of sinkings in-
volving Americans after May
8, 1916, 125 n.; list of sinkings
involving Americans in Feb-
ruary, 1917, 140 n.; extracts
from Secretary Bryan's com-
munications to Germany con-
cerning, 243-247; text of first
Lusitania note, 261-266; sec-
ond Lusitania note, 270-276;
third Lusitania note, 276-280;
extract from Secretary Lan-
sing's confidential note to En-
tente allies concerning (Janu-
ary 18, 1916), 302–306; extract
from Sussex ultimatum to
Germany, 316-321; President's
address to Congress concern-
ing (April 19, 1916), 321-322.
Sussex, sinking of, 99; note
concerning case of, laid be-
fore joint session of Congress,
101-102; special significance of
case of, 102-103; outcome of
case, 103-105; extract from
ultimatum sent Germany con-
cerning, 316-321.
Swarthmore College address of
President Wilson, 19-20, 196-
197.

Sweden, favourable response re-
ceived from, to world peace
plan (1913), 12 n.

Taft, W. H., Knox's "dollar
diplomacy" defended by, 4 n.;
favourable comment by, on
President's 'Peace without
victory" address, 137 n.
Taft administration, attempts of,

to settle Panama Canal ques-
tions with Colombia and
Great Britain, 5 n.; notifica-
tion given Russia by, of ter-
mination of treaty of com-