tractive political virtue and no important distinctive principle. It is manifestly an organization created by personal designs, and by feelings so embittered and intense that it is prepared and solicitous to form an alliance with the Democratic party, as the only possible method of accomplishing its narrow and unjustifiable purposes. This fact alone develops its true nature; and it requires no other to present it to the people, as inherently base and ignoble and altogether undeserving of their approval and support.

Fourth. All American citizens, without distinction of race, color, or religion, are entitled to the same civil and political rights, and to equal and exact justice before the laws, subject to the Constitution of the United States.

Fifth. The system of terrorism which so long infested, and still exists, in some portions of the South, must be put down at all hazards, and the guilty parties punished as other outlaws and murderers are punished.

Sixth. We earnestly urge the House of Representatives to pass the civil rights and enforcement bills pending before it; and it is our profound conviction that Congress should not adjourn until these bills shall become laws.

Seventh. The wisdom of the adoption of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution has been fully demonstrated by their practical operation, and we will earnestly oppose any attempt, open or insidious, to either repeal them or weaken their force.

Eighth. We believe the national debt, contracted to save the life of the nation, should be paid to the uttermost farthing, according to the letter and spirit of the laws which authorized it. This payment should be steady but gradual, so as to avert oppressive taxation, and distribute a portion of the burden upon the vastly increased wealth and population of future years.

Ninth. All tariff and internal taxation needed for the reduction of the public debt and for the support of the Government should be so adjusted as to bear with least weight upon the laboring classes, and to foster and encourage the industries of the nation, which are the foundation of all national prosperity.

Tenth. We favor the reform of the civil service so that capacity and integrity, and not political influence alone, shall be the tests for office; and we have no faith in the accomplishment of that reform by the party which originated the maxim, "To the victor be

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long the spoils," and which has faithfully observed the maxim whenever there were any spoils to divide.

Eleventh. The administration of President Grant is one which is approved by the calm, sober sense of the nation, and, however, much it may be misrepresented by those whose hatred of the man dates back to the times of his victories over the rebels in the field, or by others whose narrow jealousies or ambitious aspirations have led them to array themselves against him, the facts that during his administration three hundred and thirty-two millions of the public debt have been paid; the premium on gold has become nearly nominal; the revenue taxes have been greatly reduced and faithfully collected; civil service reform has been successfully inaugurated; and an acquiescence, real or pretended, in all the cardinal principles the Republican party had urged during the past years, been obtained, have strengthened his hold upon the confidence of the people no less than his splendid victories in the field had endeared him to their hearts.

On motion of George B. Loring of Massachusetts the convention unanimously adopted the resolutions and ordered them put on the records of the convention and presented with the proceedings. Following this, addresses were made by General George W. Carter of Texas, who was an ex-Confederate officer; Paul Strobach of Alabama, Emory A. Storrs of Illinois, Ex-Senator John B. Henderson of Missouri, John R. Lynch of Mississippi, and Governor E. F. Noyes of Ohio. A motion having been made and carried that the convention proceed to the selection of a candidate for President, Mr. Shelby M. Cullom of Illinois ascended the platform and said:

Gentlemen of the Convention: On behalf of the great Republican party of Illinois and that of the Union in the name of liberty, of loyalty, of justice, and of law-in the interest of economy, of good government, of peace, and of the equal rights of all-remembering with profound gratitude his glorious achievements in the field and his noble statesmanship as Chief Magistrate of this great nation 1 nominate as President of the United States, for a second term, Ulysses S. Grant.

The nomination was followed by tumultuous applause and

the wildest excitement. After quiet had been restored, Governor Stewart L. Woodford of New York and M. D. Boruck of California seconded the nomination. The call of the roll of States then ensued with the following result: Number of delegates, 752-for Ulysses S. Grant, 752. Prolonged cheering followed the announcement, and a few moments were spent singing campaign and patriotic songs. The nomination for Vice-President then followed, but before a ballot was taken Mr. Schofield of Pennsylvania, chairman of the Committee on Resolutions, said:

The Committee on Resolutions are now prepared to report a platform. Governor Hawley of Connecticut, who acted as secretary to the committee, will read the report. I beg gentlemen to remember, as it is read, that the committee had but a very short time to consider a great number of subjects which were presented; and that while every gentleman may not find in our report everything he may desire, it will be observed that the committee have shown no disposition to avoid any question which is agitating the country at the present time. The committee have not been content to repose, as perhaps they might have done, upon the laurels of the party, and refer simply to its past record, but have made expression upon all the great questions of the day. I will not detain the Convention, because you are all anxious to hear what has been done. We submit it now, from the lips of Governor Hawley, to your judgment.

Governor Hawley then read the resolutions as follows:

REPUBLICAN PLATFORM OF 1872.

The Republican party of the United States, assembled in national convention in the city of Philadelphia on the fifth and sixth days of June, 1872, again declares its faith, appeals to its history, and announces its position upon the questions before the country.

1. During eleven years of supremacy it has accepted with grand courage the solemn duties of the time. It suppressed a gigantic rebellion, emancipated four millions of slaves, decreed the equal citizenship of all, and established universal suffrage. Exhibiting unparalleled magnanimity, it criminally punished no man for political offences, and warmly welcomed all who proved loyalty by obeying the laws and dealing justly with their neighbors. It has steadily

Platform of 1872.

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decreased with firm hand the resultant disorders of a great war, and initiated a wise and humane policy toward the Indians. The Pacific Railroad and similar vast enterprises have been generously aided and successfully conducted, the public lands freely given to actual settlers, immigration protected and encouraged, and a full acknowledgment of the naturalized citizens' rights secured from European powers. A uniform national currency has been provided, repudiation frowned down, the national credit sustained under the most extraordinary burdens, and new bonds negotiated at lower rates. The revenues have been carefully collected and honestly applied. Despite annual large reductions of the rates of taxation, the public debt has been reduced during General Grant's presidency at the rate of a hundred millions a year. Great financial crises have been avoided, and peace and plenty prevail throughout the land. Menacing foreign difficulties have been peacefully and honorably composed, and the honor and power of the nation kept in high respect throughout the world. This glorious record of the past is the party's best pledge for the future. We believe the people will not entrust the government to any party or combination of men composed chiefly of those who have resisted every step of this beneficent progress.

2. The recent amendments to the national Constitution should be cordially sustained because they are right, not merely tolerated because they are law, and should be carried out according to their spirit by appropriate legislation, the enforcement of which can safely be entrusted only to the party that secured these amend

ments.

3. Complete liberty and exact equality in the enjoyment of all civil, political, and public rights should be established and effectually maintained throughout the Union by efficient and appropriate state and federal legislation. Neither the law nor its administration should admit any discrimination in respect of citizens by reason of race, creed, color, or previous condition of servitude.

4. The national government should seek to maintain honorable peace with all nations, protecting its citizens everywhere, and sympathizing with all peoples who strive for greater liberty.

5. Any system of the civil service under which the subordinate positions of the government are considered rewards for mere party zeal is fatally demoralizing, and we therefore favor a reform of the system by laws which shall abolish the evils of patronage and make

honesty, efficiency, and fidelity the essential qualifications for public positions, without practically creating a life-tenure of office.

6. We are opposed to further grants of the public lands to corporations and monopolies, and demand that the national domain be set apart for free homes for the people.

7. The annual revenue, after paying current expenditures, pensions, and the interest on the public debt, should furnish a moderate balance for the reduction of the principal, and that revenue, except so much as may be derived from a tax upon tobacco and liquors, should be raised by duties upon importations, the details of which should be so adjusted as to aid in securing remunerative wages to labor, and promote the industries, prosperity, and growth of the whole country.

8. We hold in undying honor the soldiers and sailors whose valor saved the Union. Their pensions are a sacred debt of the nation, and the widows and orphans of those who died for their country are entitled to the care of a generous and grateful people. We favor such additional legislation as will extend the bounty of the government to all soldiers and sailors who were honorably discharged, and who, in the line of duty, became disabled, without regard to the length of service or cause of such discharge.

9. The doctrine of Great Britain and other European powers concerning allegiance-" Once a subject always a subject "-having at last, through the efforts of the Republican party, been abandoned, and the American idea of the individual right to transfer allegiance having been accepted by European nations, it is the duty of our government to guard with jealous care the rights of adopted citizens against the assumption of unauthorized claims by their former governments, and we urge continued careful encouragement and protection of voluntary immigration.

10. The franking privilege ought to be abolished, and the way prepared for a speedy reduction in the rates of postage.

II. Among the questions which press for attention is that which concerns the relations of capital and labor, and the Republican party recognizes the duty of so shaping legislation as to secure full protection and the amplest field for capital, and for labor, the creator of capital, the largest opportunities and a just share of the mutual profits of these two great servants of civilization.

12. We hold that Congress and the President have only fulfilled an imperative duty in their measures for the suppression of violent