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terraqueous globe is said to hang upon nothing, and the earth to be founded upon the seas, and established upon the floods, and (Psal. cxxxvi. 6.) to be stretched out above the waters.1

11. The unicorn D (REIM), described in Job xxxix. 9. and alluded to in several other passages of Scripture, has by some been confounded with the common rhinoceros: but an animal, with one horn, has been discovered by the Rev. John Campbell, in his recent travels in the interior of South Africa, and so completely answering to that described in the book of Job, as to leave no doubt of their identity.2

12. The circumstance of Jonah being in the belly of a whale (Jonah i. 17. Matt. xii. 40.) has been affirmed to be contrary to matter of fact; as the throat of a whale, it is well known, is capable of admitting little more than the arm of an ordinary man; and these fish are never found in the Mediterranean Sea.

But Bochart has long since proved that a great fish of the shark kind is here intended: and it is a well attested fact that many of the shark species are not only of such a size and form as to be able, without any miracle, to swallow a man whole, but also that men have been found entire in their stomachs. Bochart is further of opinion that the particular species of shark which followed the prophet Jonah, was the squalus carcharias or white shark, for its voracity termed lamia by some naturalists, and which is a native of the seas in hot climates, where it is the terror of navigators.3

The preceding are the passages of Scripture, which have been principally excepted against, as being contrary to philosophy and the nature of things: and yet there is nothing in them which may not be accounted for on the principles of modern philosophy.

1 Jenkin's Reasonablenes of the Christian Religion, vol. ii. p. 236.

2 Campbell's Travels in the Interior of Africa, vol. i. pp. 294. 296. where the head of this unicorn is delineated. Sir Everhard Home's Paper in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, for 1822, Part I. pp. 44, 45. where engravings of the horn are given. The upper part of the head (the whole being too heavy to be conveyed to the Cape of Good Hope,) may be seen, with the one horn, in the Museum of the London Missionary Society.

3 Bocharti Opera, tom. iii. col. 742. et seq. Bochart's opinion has been adopted by Mr. Parkhurst (Greek Lexicon, article Knros, p. 361.) and is now generally received. See also Scripture illustrated by Natural History, &c. Expository Index, p. 52. and the Fragments annexed to the quarto edition of Calmet's Dictionary, No. cxlv. p. 103. Bishop Jebb, however, has urged several considerations (which are too long for insertion here, and the force of which it would impair to abridge) showing that it probably was a whale, into the cavity of whose mouth Jonah was taken. (Sacred Literature, pp. 178-180.) The observations which he has adduced from the natural history of the whale, are confirmed by the enterprising and experienced whale-fisher, Capt. Scoresby; who states, that when the mouth of the Balena Mysticetus, or Great Common Whale, is open, " it presents a cavity as large as a room, and capable of containing a merchant ship's, jolly-boat full of men, being six or eight feet wide, ten or twelve feet high (in front,) and fifteen or sixteen feet long. (Scoresby's account of the Arctic Regions, vol.i. p.455.) only objection that can be offered to Dr. Jebb's opinion, is, that there is no authentic instance on record of whales being found in the Mediterranean Sea.

The

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THEIR ACCOMPLISHMENT, IN THE VERY WORDS OF THE NEW

TESTAMENT.

[Referred to, in page 336. of this Volume.]

SECTION I.

SUFFERINGS,

PROPHECIES RELATIVE ΤΟ THE ADVENT, PERSON,
RESURRECTION, AND ASCENSION OF THE MESSIAH.

PROPHECY

$1. That a Messiah should come.

ROPHECY.-Gen. iii. 15. He (the seed of the woman) shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel. Compare Gen. xxii. 18. xii. 3. xxvi. 4. xxviii. 4. and Psal. lxxii. 17.-Isa. xl. 5. The glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.-Hagg. ii. 7. The desire of all nations shall come.

FULFILMENT.-Gal. iv. 4. When the fulness of time was come, God sent forth his son, made of a woman, (4000 years after the first prophecy was delivered.)-Rom. xvi. 20. The God of peace shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly.-1 John iii. 18. The Son of God was manifested, that he might destroy the works of the Devil, (that old serpent, Rev. xii. 9.) See also Heb. ii. 14.—Luke ii. 10. I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be all people.

$2. When he should come.

PROPHECY.-Gen. xlix. 10. The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a law-giver from between his feet, until Shiloh come.-The Messiah was to come at a time of universal peace, and when there was a general expectation of him; and while the second temple was standing, seventy weeks (of years, i. e. 490 years) after the rebuilding of Jerusalem. See Hagg. ii. 6–9.; Dan. ix. 24, 25.; Mal. jii. 1.

FULFILMENT. When the Messiah came, the sceptre had departed from Judah; for the Jews, though governed by their own rulers and magistrates, yet were subject to the paramount authority of the Roman emperors; as was evinced by their being subject to the enrolment of Augustus, paying tribute to Cæsar, and not having the power of life and death. Compare Luke ii. 1. 3 -5.; Matt. xxii. 20, 21.; and the parallel passages; and John xx. 10. 15.— When Jesus Christ came into the world, the Roman wars were terminated, the temple of Janus was shut, and universal peace reigned throughout the Roman empire; and all nations, both Jews and Gentiles, were expecting the coming of some extraordinary person. See Matt. ii. 1-10.; Mark xv. 43.; Luke ii. 25. 38.; and John i. 19-45. for the expectation of the Jews. The two Roman historians, Suetonius and Tacitus, confirm the fulfilment of the prediction, as to the expectation of the Gentiles.

§3. That the Messiah should be God and man together.

PROPHECY.-Psal. ii. 7. Thou art my Son, this day have I begotten thee.Psal. cx. 1. The Lord said unto my Lord.-Isa. ix. 6. The mighty God, the everlasting Father.-Mic. v. 2. Whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting.

FULFILMENT.-Heb. i. 8. Unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever.' Compare Matt. xxii. 42-45.; 1 Cor. xv. 25.; Heb. i. 13Matt. i. 23. They shall call his name Emmanuel, that is, God with us.—John i. 1. 14. The Word was with God, and the Word was God. The Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us.-Rom. ix. 5. Of whom (the fathers as

concerning the flesh Christ came, who is God over all, blessed for ever. also. Col. ii. 9.; 1 John v. 20.

$4. From whom he was to be descended.

PROPHECY-From the first woman. Gen. iii. 15.

See

From Abraham and his descendants, Gen. xii. 3. xviii. 18.); viz. Isaac, (Gen. xxvi. 4.); Jacob, (Gen. xxviii. 14.); Judah, (Gen. xlix. 10.); Jesse, (Isa. xi. 1.); David, (Psal. cxxxii. 11. lxxxix. 4. 27.; Isa. vi. 13, 14. ix. 7.; Jer. xxiii. 5. xxxiii. 20, 21.)

FULFILMENT.-Gal. iv. 4. When the fulness of time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman.

Acts iii. 25. The covenant, which God made with our fathers, saying unto Abraham, ‘And in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed. (See Matt. i. 1.)-Heb. vii. 14. It is evident that our Lord sprang out of Judah.— Rom. xv. 12. Isaiah saith there shall be a root of Jesse.-John vii. 42. Hath not the Scripture said, that Christ cometh of the seed of David? See also Acts ii. 30. xiii. 23.; Luke i. 32.

5. That the Messiah should be born of a virgin.

PROPHECY.-Isa. vii. 14. Behold a Virgin shall conceive and bring forth a Son. Jer. xxxi. 22. The Lord hath created a new thing on the earth; a woman shall compass a man. (N. B. The antient Jews applied this prophecy to the Messiah, whence it follows, that the later interpretations to the contrary are only to avoid the truth which we profess ; viz. That Jesus was born of a virgin, and therefore is THE CHRIST or Messiah.-Bp. Pearson on the Creed, Art. III. p. 171. edit 1715. folio.)

FULFILMENT.-Mat. i. 24, 25. Joseph took his wife and knew her not, till she had brought forth her first-born son. Compare Luke i. 26-35.-Matt. i. 22, 23. All this was done, that it might be fulfilled, which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, 'Behold a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son.'

$ 6. Where the Messiah was to be born.

PROPHECY.-Mic. v. 2. Thou Bethlehem Ephratah, though thou be little among the thousands of Judah; yet out of thee shall he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel.

FULFILMENT.-Luke ii. 4-6. All went to be taxed (or enrolled), every one into his own city. And Joseph also went up from Galilee, with Mary his espoused wife, unto Bethlehem; and while they were there she brought forth her first born son. Compare also Luke ii. 10, 11. 16. and Matt. ii. 1. 4-6. 8. 11.; John vii. 42.

way.

7. That a prophet, in the spirit and power of Elias, or Elijah, should be the Messiah's forerunner, and prepare his PROPHECY.-Malachi iii. 1. and iv. 5.; Isa. xl. 3.; Luke i. 17. Behold I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare my way before me.

FULFILMENT.-Matt. iii. 1. In those days came John the Baptist preaching in the wilderness of Judæa, saying, Repent ye, the kingdom of heaven is at hand.-Matt. xi. 14.; Luke vii. 27, 28. This is Elias which was for to come. 8. That the Messiah was to be a Prophet.

PROPHECY.-Deut. xvii. 18. 15. I will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee.

FULFILMENT.-John iv. 19. The woman saith unto him, Sir, I perceive that thou art a Prophet.-John ix. 17. He is a Prophet.-Matt. xxi. 46. They took him for a Prophet.-Mark vi. 15. It is a Prophet, or as one of the Prophets.-Luke vii. 16. A great Prophet is risen up among us.-John vi. 14. This is of a truth that Prophet, which should come into the world.-John vii. 40. Of a truth this is the Prophet.-Luke xxiv. 19. Jesus of Nazareth, which was a Prophet, mighty in deed and word before God and all the people.-Matt. xxi. 11. This is Jesus the Prophet, of Nazareth of Galilee.

§9. That the Messiah should begin to publish the Gospel in Galilee. PROPHECY-Isa, ix. 1, 2. In Galilee of the nations, the people that walked in darkness have seen a great light. 10 17 Now when Iosus heard that John was

cast into prison, he departed into Galilee. From that time Jesus began to preach and to say, Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.

§ 10. That the Messiah should confirm his doctrine by great miracles. PROPHECY.-Isa. xxxv. 5, 6. Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped: then shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the dumb sing.—Isa. xlii. 7. To open the blind eyes. —Isa. xxxii. 3. The eyes of them that see shall not be dim; and the ears of them that hear, shall hearken.-Isa. xxix. 18. The deaf shall hear the words of the book; and the eyes of the blind shall see out of obscurity and darkness. FULFILMENT.-Matt. xi. 4, 5. Jesus...said, 'Go and show John those things which ye do hear and see: the blind receive their sight, and the lame walk; the leapers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up.-Luke vii. 21. In the same hour, he cured many of their infirmities and plagues, and of evil spirits; and unto many that were blind, he gave sight.-Matt. iv. 23, 24. Jesus went about all Galilee...healing all manner of sickness, and all manner of disease among the people...They brought unto him all sick people that were taken with divers diseases and torments, and those which were possessed with devils, and those which were lunatic, and those that had the palsy, and he healed them.-Matt. xv. 30, 31. And great multitudes came unto him, having with them those that were lame, blind, dumb, maimed, and many others; and cast them down at Jesus's feet, and he healed them. Insomuch that the multitude wondered, when they saw the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, the lame to walk, and the blind to see.-Acts ii. 22. Jesus of Nazareth a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and signs; which God did by him in the midst of you, as ye know.

As it would swell this article of the Appendix to an undue length, were we to state at length all the miracles of Jesus Christ related by the evangelists, we annex (in further proof of the fulfilment of the prophecies concerning them) the following catalogue of them, from the Rev. Mr. Archdeacon Nares's Veracity of Evangelists Demonstrated, pp. 283-286.

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1 St. Matthew says two demoniacs, the others mention only one. Probably one was more remarkable than the other.

2 St. Matthew says two blind men. Of whom doubtless Bartimeus was the most remarkable.

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