advice and assistance by a Mandatory until such time as they are able to stand alone. The wishes of these communities must be a principal consideration in the selection of the Mandatory.

Other peoples, especially those of Central Africa, are at such a stage that the Mandatory must be responsible for the administration of the territory under conditions which will guarantee freedom of conscience and religion, subject only to the maintenance of public order and morals, the prohibition of abuses such as the slave trade, the arms traffic and the liquor traffic, and the prevention of the establishment of fortifications or military and naval bases and of military training of the natives for other than police purposes and the defence of territory, and will also secure equal opportunities for the trade and commerce of other Members of the League.

There are territories, such as South-West Africa and certain of the South Pacific Islands, which, owing to the sparseness of their population, or their small size, or their remoteness from the centres of civilisation, or their geographical contiguity to the territory of the Mandatory, and other circumstances, can be best administered under the laws of the Mandatory as integral portions of its territory, subject to the safeguards above mentioned in the interests of the indigenous population.

In every case of mandate, the Mandatory shall render to the Council an annual report in reference to the territory committed to its charge.

The degree of authority, control, or administration to be exercised by the Mandatory shall, if not previously agreed upon by the Members of the League, be explicitly defined in each case by the Council.

A permanent Commission shall be constituted to receive and examine the annual reports of the Mandatories and to advise the Council on all matters relating to the observance of the mandates.

ARTICLE 23.

Subject to and in accordance with the provisions of international conventions existing or hereafter to be agreed upon, the Members of the League:

(a) will endeavour to secure and maintain fair and humane conditions of labour for men, women, and children, both in their own countries and in all countries to which their commercial and industrial relations extend, and for

that purpose will establish and maintain the necessary international organisa

tions;

(b) undertake to secure just treatment of the native inhabitants of territories under their control;

(c) will entrust the League with the general supervision over the execution of agreements with regard to the traffic in women and children, and the traffic in opium and other dangerous drugs;

(d) will entrust the League with the general supervision of the trade in arms and ammunition with the countries in which the control of this traffic is necessary in the common interest;

(e) will make provision to secure and maintain freedom of communications and of transit and equitable treatment for the commerce of all Members of the League. In this connection, the special necessities of the regions devastated during the war of 1914-1918 shall be borne in mind;

(ƒ) will endeavour to take steps in matters of international concern for the prevention and control of disease.

ARTICLE 24.

There shall be placed under the direction of the League all international bureaux already established by general treaties if the parties to such treaties consent. All such international bureaux and all commissions for the regulation of matters of international interest hereafter constituted shall be placed under the direction of the League.

In all matters of international interest which are regulated by general conventions but which are not placed under the control of international bureaux or commissions, the Secretariat of the League shall, subject to the consent of the Council and if desired by the parties, collect and distribute all relevant information and shall render any other assistance which may be necessary or desirable. The Council may include as part of the expenses of the Secretariat the expenses of any bureau or commission which is placed under the direction of the League.

ARTICLE 25.

The Members of the League agree to encourage and promote the establishment and co-operation of duly authorised voluntary national Red Cross organ

isations having as purposes the improvement of health, the prevention of disease and the mitigation of suffering throughout the world.

ARTICLE 26.

Amendments to this Covenant will take effect when ratified by the Members of the League whose Representatives compose the Council and by a majority of the Members of the League whose Representatives compose the Assembly. No such amendment shall bind any Member of the League which signified its dissent therefrom, but in that case it shall cease to be a Member of the League.

ANNEX.

I. ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS SIGNATORIES OF THE TREATY OF PEACE.

II. FIRST SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS.

The Honourable Sir James Eric DRUMMOND, K. C. M. G., C. B.

PART II.

FRONTIERS OF AUSTRIA.

ARTICLE 27.

The frontiers of Austria shall be fixed as follows (see Map):

1. With Switzerland and Lichtenstein:

the present frontier.

2. With Italy:

From the point 2645 (Gruben J.) eastwards to point 2915 (Klopaier Spitz), a line to be fixed on the ground passing through point 1483 on the ReschenNauders road;

thence eastwards to the summit of Dreiherrn Spitz (point 3505),

the watershed between the basins of the Inn to the north and the Adige to the south;

thence south-south-eastwards to point 2545 (Marchkinkele),

the watershed between the basins of the Drave to the east and the Adige to the west;

thence south-eastwards to point 2483 (Helm Spitz)

a line to be fixed on the ground crossing the Drave between Winnbach and Arnbach;

thence east-south-eastwards to point 2050 (Osternig) about 9 kilometres northwest of Tarvis,

the watershed between the basins of the Drave on the north and successively the basins of the Sextenbach, the Piave and the Tagliamento on the south;

thence east-south-eastwards to point 1492 (about 2 kilometres west of Thörl),

the watershed between the Gail and the Gailitz;

thence eastwards to point 1509 (Pec),

a line to be fixed on the ground cutting the Galitz south of the town and station of Thörl and passing by point 1270 (Cabin Berg).

3. On the South, and then with the Klagenfurt area, subject to the provisions of Section II of Part III (Political Clauses for Europe):

from point 1509 (Pec) eastwards to point 1817 (Malestiger),

the crest of the Karavanken;

from point 1817 (Malestiger) and in a north-easterly direction as far as the Drave at a point situated about 1 kilometre south-east of the railway bridge on the eastern branch of the bend made by that river about 6 kilometres east of Villach,

a line to be fixed on the ground cutting the railway between Mallestig and Faak and passing through point 666 (Polana);

thence in a south-easterly direction to a point about 2 kilometres above St. Martin,

the course of the Drave;

thence in a northerly direction as far as point 871, about 10 kilometres to the east-north-east of Villach,

a line running approximately from south to north to be fixed on the ground; thence east-north-eastwards to a point to be chosen near point 725 about 10 kilometres north-west of Klagenfurt on the administrative boundary between the districts of St. Veit and Klagenfurt,

a line to be fixed on the ground passing through points 1069 (Taubenbühel), 1045 (Gallinberg) and 815 (Freudenberg);

thence eastwards to a point to be chosen on the ground west of point 1075 (Steinbruch Kogel),

the administrative boundary between the districts of St. Veit and Klagenfurt;

thence north-eastwards to the point on the Gurk where the administrative boundary of the district of Völkermarkt leaves this river,

a line to be fixed on the ground passing through point 1076;

thence north-eastwards to point 1899 (Speikkogl),

the administrative boundary between the districts of St. Veit and Völkermarkt;

thence south-eastwards to point 842 (1 kilometre west of Kasparstein), the north-eastern boundary of the district of Völkermarkt;