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Till then all the inhabitants of America had come from the east; but now a great invasion took place from the west or from Asia. Perhaps these Asiatic nations had crossed the ocean before the Pelegan or Ogugan catastrophe. They are traced to the north west coast of America, and gradually came in contact with the Atalans and Cutans on the Missouri and in Anahuac. I shall call them Iztacan, from their ancestor Iztac

5th Period. Decline and Fall of the Atalans, &r.

The wars which happened in consequence of the Iztacan invasions, had the effect to annihilate some nations, and scatter many other, while several were subdued and incorporated with their conquerors. Kentucky was conquered by the Ulmecas, the Huasiotos and Taensas, three Iztacan nations. After the successive rule of these nations on the Ohio, the Siberian nations or Oguzian tribes began to appear and wage war on the Iztacans and the Atalans, which they drove away to the south. The last remains of the former Atalans and Cutans, which can be traced to have escaped these conflicts and were still existing towards 1500, were the following:-The Wocons in Carolina, the Homoloas, Malicas, Apalachians and others in Georgia and Florida, the Conoys of Virginia, the Nanticoes of Maryland, the Catabas of Carolina, the Cahuitas and Calusas of Alabama, the Tunicas of Louisiana, the Corans; Coroas or Escoros of the Missouri, Arkanzas, Carolina, California and Mexico; besides many nations of Anahuac; &c.

~Before the christian era a casual intercourse was kept up between the two continents. The Phenicians and Gadesiems traded to America: this continent was known to the maritime nations of West Europe and North-west Africa. The Numidians went there 2000 years ago, as well as the Celts; they frequented Paria and Hayti principally. The Etruscans, a powerful nation of Italy, who settled there from the Rhetian Alps about three thousand years ago, went to America and wanted to send colonies there, but were prevented by the Carthagenians. This intercourse gradually declined, owing to the numerous shipwrecks and warlike habits of the Caribs,

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Iztacans and Oguzians, till the knowledge of America became almost lost or clouded in fables and legends.

During the decline of the Atalans, some fled to Anahuac and South America, where they founded new empires, or civilized many nations, such as the Cholulans of Anahuac, and the Muyseas, Puruays, Collaos, Tiahuanacos and Cojas of South America, who ascribe their ancient civilization to white and bearded strangers.

Thus the ancient arts and sciences of North America were transferred to the South. In the greatest splendor of the Atalans and Cutans, they had built above one thousand towns on the waters of the Ohio, of which nearly two hundred were in Kentucky, and the remains of above one hundred are seen to this day. The population must have been as great as the actual one, and Kentucky must have had half a million of inhabitants at least. The monuments of these early nations are easily distinguished from the subsequent Iztacan monuments, by a greater antiquity, their circular, elliptical and conical shapes.

CHAP. III. HISTORY OF THE IZTACANS.

THE annals of the numerous nations who claim this origin, may be divided into five periods of time.

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1. From the Iztacan empire of Asia to the Iztacan settlements in America and Kentucky, including many centuries.

2. From the invasion of Kentucky to the foundation of the Natchez empire, including about ten centuries.

3. From the Natchez empire to the Oghuzian invasion, including about five centuries.

4. From the Oghuzian invasion to the expulsion of the Natchez from Kentucky, including about five centuries.

5. From the Natchez expulsion to the present time, including the Chicasa and Cherokee dominions in Kentucky,-about ten centuries.

1st Period.—To the Invasion of Kentucky.

Soon after the formation of the great Asiatic empires of Iran, Ayodhia, Vitora, China, &c. another was founded near the

Caspian sea, on the mountains of Caf or Caucasus and Vipula or Bactria, which was successively called Aztula, (strong land) Aztlan, Tula, Tollan, Turan, &c. The first monarch of it was Iztac-mixcoatl, (strong head snake:) He had six sons, who became the heads of as many nations; they were

Xelhua or Colhua, the father of the Colhuans, &c.
Tenoch or Tenuch, ancestor of the Tenuchs, &c.
Olmecat! or Ulmecatl, ancestor of the Olmecans, &c.
Xicalancatl or Xicalhan, of the Zicalans, &c.
Mixtecatl or Miztecatl, of the Tecas, &c.
Otomitl, ancester of the Otomis, &c.

From these have sprung all the Iztacan nations, scattered all over North America and part of South America.

Many other empires having begun to rise in the vicinity of Aztlan, such as those of Bali, Scythia, Thibet, Oghuz, the Iztacan were driven eastwards, north of China; but some fragments of the nation are still found in the Caucasus, &c. such as the Abians or Abassans, Alticezecs, Cushazibs, Chunsags, Modjors, &c,

The six Iztacan nations being still pressed upon by their neighbours the Oghuzians, Moguls, &c. gradually retreated or sent colonies to Japan, and the islands of the Pacific ocean; having discovered America at the peninsula of Alasca, during their navigations, the bulk of the nation came over and spread from Alasca to Anahuac, establishing many states in the west of America, such as Tula, Amaquemecan, Tehuajo, Nabajoa, Teopantla, Huehue, and many others.

After crossing the mountains, they discovered and followed the Missouri and Arkanzas rivers, reaching thus the Mississippi and Kentucky.

2nd Period. To the Foundation of the Natchez.

The Olmecas or Hulmees were the first Iztacans who ventured to come to Kentucky, where they did not make a permanent settlement. They came in contact with the Talegans, and not being able to subdue them, they left the country, invaded Tennessee, &c. The Winginas and Westoes of Carolina, as well as the Yamassees of Georgia, may be remains of these Olmecas; but the bulk of the nation went to Anahuac,

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with the Xicalans, having made an alliance with them. The. Xicalans were another Iztacan nation who had come down the. Arkanzas; meeting on the Mississippi with powerful Atalans, such as the Corans, Talagans, &c. they joined the Olmecas in a confederacy against them.

After partly settling in Alabama, Tennessee, Georgia and Florida; they were both compelled to go to Anahuac, which they reached from the north-east, and where they became. powerful in time.

The Otomis were the most barbarous of the Iztacans, being hunters rather than cultivators; they had spread gradually from the Missouri to Anahuac, in the rear of the Xicallans, under the names of Mazahuas or Mahas, Huashashas or Ozages, Capahas or Arkanzas, Otos or Huatoctas, Minowas or Missouri or Ayowas, Dareotas or Nadowessis, Hua tanis or Mandans, &c. They began to make war on the 'Talegans of Illinois, Ohio and Kentucky, and the Otos appear to have become the Sciotos of Ohio, the Huasiotos of East Kentucky, and the Utinas of Florida.

The Colhuans and Tenuchans came the last on the Arkanzas, and settled the kingdoms of Tollan, Tula, Huehue, Copatta, &c. in that region. The Atalans and Iztacans were successively at war or in peace; but the Iztacans prevailed at. last in West Kentucky, when all the Iztacans east of the Mississippi formed a confederary against the Atalans; this was the beginning of the Natchez dominion.

During these struggles, many peaceful Atalans left the country and went to Anahuac, Ayati, Onohualco and South America, where they became legislators and rulers.

3d Period. To the Oghuzian Invasion.

The Natchez empire, or confederacy of Iztacan nations, extended from the Ohio to Florida, and from the Alleghenies to the Mississippi; west of it were the kingdoms of Capaha, Pacaha and Copatta, (perhaps only one,) also Iztacan. This confederacy consisted of five hundred towns, and many tribes, such as the Natchez, Taensas, Chitimachas, Movila, Yasoos or Hiazus, and many more. East of them were the Apalachian

and Cataba confederacies, and north the Talegans who had retreated on the north side of the Ohio.

The nations forming this empire or league, were civilized and cultivators; they became polished by their intercourse with the Atalans, and borrowed many customs from them.They worshipped the sun and fire; but did not build circular temples, erecting instead pyramids and high altars, generally of a square or angular form. Each tribe had a king, each town a governor; but the Natchez kings who were called Suns, had the supremacy over all. Agriculture and trade were well attended to. Many contentions and revolutions happened; but the Oghuzian invasion was the most fatal.

The Siberian nations, which had spread over the north of Asia at the dissolution of the Oghuzian empire, having come to America across Behring Strait, sought milder climates by travelling south, and coming in contact with the civilized but less warlike nations of anterior origin, began to wage war over them, and drive them gradually further south, towards Floridą and Anahuac.

4th Period.-To the expulsion of the Natchez from Kentucky.

At the Oghuzian invasion, the Taencas, a Natchez tribe, occupied West Kentucky, the Huasiotos were in East Kentucky, and some Talegans still held the banks of the Ohio, &c.

The Cherokees or Zulocans, an Atalan nation dwelling west of the Mississippi, being driven by the Oghuzians, came to Kentucky and Tennessee, and settled at last after many wars in the mountains of Carolina, where they became a nation of hunting mountaineers, and gradually destroyed the Huasioto nation of the Cumberland mountains.

The Shawanees, an Oghuzian tribe, came then in contact with the Natchez 'and expelled them from Kentucky, which they occupied for a long time.

The Talegans north of the Ohio, were partly destroyed or driven south, through Kentucky, to join the Apalachian, or down the Mississippi towards Louisiana and Mexico.

5th Period. To the present time..

The Natchez confederacy declined gradually, becoming di

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