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The most complete information on ordnance is to be found in the report of General Benedict Crowell, America's Munitions, 1917-1918 (1919); it is an official defense and should be read critically. A graphic picture of American accomplishments is given in L. P. Ayres's The War with Germany; A Statistical Summary (1919). The best account of operations in France is still General Pershing's Report to the Secretary of War, which is printed in New York Times Current History, January and February, 1920. It may be supplemented by Shipley Thomas's The History of the A. E. F. (1920).

The American point of view on the Peace Conference is set forth authoritatively in What Really Happened at Paris (1921), a collection of lectures delivered by members of the American Peace Commission and edited by Edward M. House and Charles Seymour. Some Problems of the Peace Conference (1920), by C. H. Haskins and R. H. Lord, is an accurate and comprehensive analysis of the territorial questions settled at Paris. The British point of view and the most important documents are given in A History of the Peace Conference of Paris (1920), written chiefly by British delegates and edited by H. W. V. Temperley. The French point of view is admirably presented in André Tardieu's The Truth about the Treaty (1921). picture of the conflict of interests and the manner in which they were decided is to be found in C. T. Thompson's The Peace Conference Day by Day (1920). Robert Lansing's The Peace Negotiations (1921) is interesting as giving the opinions of an American Commissioner who disagreed with Mr. Wilson's methods at Paris. J. M. Keynes's The Economic Consequences of the Peace (1920) contains an economic analysis which

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is more trustworthy than his brilliant, but misleading, picture of the Conference. It should not be read except in company with the authoritative and accurate The Making of the Reparation and Economic Clauses (1920), by B. M. Baruch. A clever but superficial criticism of President Wilson's peace policies is to be found in J. M. Beck's The Passing of the New Freedom (1920).

INDEX

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Alien
179

Property Custodian,

Alsace-Lorraine returned to
France, 302, 324
American Ambulance in
France, 67
American Expeditionary Force,
no provision at first for, 121;
Pershing sent to France,
122; plans for, 124-25; cen-
tralization under Pershing,
148; training in France,
200-02; ports for, 202-03;
supply depots, 203; distri-
bution of supplies, 203–04;
credit due, 225-27; defects,
226; see also Argonne, Châ-
teau-Thierry, St. Mihiel
American Federation of Labor,

delegates aid in formation of
war labor policy, 182
American Protective League,
187

Ancona, torpedoed in Medi-
terranean, 57

Arabia, submarine sinks, 56
Archibald, J. F. J., Dumba
makes use of, 77
Argentine, grain not available
for Europe, 159
Argonne, foreign artillery used
in, 134; plans for advance,
221; defensive importance
for Germans, 222; American
offensive, 222-23; see also
Meuse-Argonne

Arizona offered by Germany as
bribe to Mexico, 106
Armaments,

Reduction of,
guarantees not taken at
Paris, 323; League Cove-
nant provides, 324
Armand, Major, discusses
separate peace with Austria,
231
Armenian, submarine attack,
56

Armistice (Nov. 11, 1918),

224, 228; terms, 243
Army, General Staff, 119-20,

157, 188; American Expedi-
tionary Force, 121, 122, 124
et seq., 148, 200-04, 225-27;
see also Argonne, Château-
Thierry, St. Mihiel; original
programme (1917), 121;
Roosevelt's request to com-

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against, 193; attempts for
separate peace with, 231-32;
treaty, 317, 321-22; denied
right to incorporate with
Germany, 322, 326; see also
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, collapse, 224,
228; offers to negotiate on
basis of Fourteen Points,
241; subject nationalities
receive independence, 324;
see also Austria, Hungary
Ayres, L. P., The War with Ger-
many, cited, 142 (note)

Baker, N. D., Secretary of
War, as pacifist, 85–86, 117–
118; delays approving ma-
chine gun, 137; and Wilson,
153; and coal price agree-
ment, 166-67
Baldwin Locomotive Works,
suspected German plot at,

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Baruch, B. M., appointment
by Wilson, 15; on Council of
National Defense, 155; chair-
man of War Industries
Board, 157; at Peace Con-
ference, 259, 276
Belgium, American sympathy
for, 38, 73, 114; Wilson's
answer to appeal, 40; relief,
67; effect in America of de-
portation of civilians, 97,
99; Germans rank United
States Army with that of,
117; Hoover in, 160; com-
plaint against treaty, 321;
treaty provision regarding,
324

Belleau Woods, attack on, 214,
225
Benes,

Edward, Foreign
Minister of Czecho-Slovak
Republic, and Council of
Ten, 274

Benson, Admiral W. S., and
Daniels, 144

Bernstorff, Johann von, Ger-
man Ambassador in Wash-
ington, 41-42, 75, 106; dis-
missed, 108
Bethlehem Steel Company,
suspected German plots in
plant of, 79
Bethmann-Hollweg and sub-
marine warfare, 106
"Big Four," see Council of
Four

Bliss, General T. H., on Su-
preme Military Council, 205-
206; on Peace Commission,
249
Blockade, British blockade of
foodstuffs, 45; as justi-
fication of submarine war-
fare, 53; effect of submarine
warfare upon American
ports, 110

Bolshevik revolution, 193
Borah, W. E., against treaty

and League of Nations, 330-

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