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SENATE.]

Protection of the Frontier.

[JUNE 9, 1832.

these subjects made to give way to that which is now be fore us? Why is the recharter of the Bank of the United States, which has four years yet to run, and six years to wind up its affairs, pressed upon us with so much pertinacity?

the United States' Bank. The bank sent an additional ca- Congress has been in session six months; and never, I pital of some three hundred thousand dollars: this made believe, has there been a Congress of six months which more money than was necessary for ordinary business. At has cut out so much work and done so little. We have first the United States' Bank offered to loan on liberal passed beyond the usual time of adjournment-we have principles. The tariff of 1824, and the flush of money, perhaps done some things which we ought not to have threw out an inducement to every man who had either done, and we have left undone other things which we money or credit to embark in manufacturing establish- ought to have done: nay, some pressing subjects are be ments: property was to be made hand over hand. The fore us, involving the highest welfare of the whole people, manufacturing mania was at its highest point. Some men and perhaps the existence of the Union itself. Why are at Portsmouth took shares in the great establishments at Dover, Somersworth, &c.; others undertook to build up and manage smaller establishments in other places. Investments also were made in other business. Several in vested not only all their own money, but all their credit could procure from the banks. The branch bank loaned On the subject of renewing the charter of the bank, the money liberally, having, besides its own capital, the be- people are altogether taken by surprise. When the elec nefit of the public deposites, with the understanding that tions of those composing the present Congress took place, those who took the money might have their notes renew- there was no expectation by the people that this Congress ed till sufficient time should elapse to enable them to real-would act on this subject. And what right, I would ask, ize their fortunes from rise in the factory stock, or profits have we to legislate for those who are to come after us? If from the dividends. The manufacturing bubble burst in the Legislature of a State were now to elect a person to 1827, '8, and '9: the holders of manufacturing stock held fill the place of any Senator whose term of service expres on as long as they could-till nearly the whole was sacri- four years hence, would not such an act be justly regard ficed. The branch bank took what was pledged as colla-ed as an act of usurpation?"Sufficient for the day is the teral security, and came out itself from this speculation evil thereof:" and if we must have fastened upon this with a dead loss of 70,000 to 100,000 dollars. The prin- Government an irresponsible institution, controlling net cipal, if not the only cause of these failures was the ex- only the whole currency of the country, but controlling pansion of credit, and the facilities to obtain money which the purse of the Government--if we must be bound hand were thrown upon the trading community by the bank, and foot hereafter, as we are now bound by this bankand the bank calling for payment at a time when the let us put on the chains when the day and hour arrives: money could not be had, thus rendering the price of real until that time, let us burden the people with no more estate merely nominal, and of scarcely no value in the than one set of manacles. payment of debts.

The farmers and country traders who had been induced to make loans at this branch on better terms, as they supposed, than could be had at the local banks, fared httle better from the treatment of this branch. Loans were of fered them, the least favorable terms of which were a renewal, every four months, with payment of instalments of ten per cent. The understanding was that these terms should not be changed. At a time of the greatest scarcity, the president issued his circular to the debtors of the branch, requiring a renewal of the notes every two months, and the payment of twenty per cent. on the original sum at each renewal. From 50,000 to 100,000 dollars in specie, drawn in the course of a few weeks, was transmitted for safe keeping to the friends of the manager of the bank, who wanted money at the capital of a neighboring State. This withdrawal, at that time, contributed to accelerate the absolute ruin of many persons who were possessed of property enough, if time had been given them, to discharge all their debts, and have a moderate capital left. The effects of these speculations were likewise felt in the ruin of men of moderate property in the interior, whose estates were sacrificed at the sheriff's sales for one-third or one-fourth of their value.

Since that time, and so long as the head remained who maltreated the citizens, the branch bank at Portsmouth was scarcely able to do sufficient business, with all its capital and deposites, to pay its own expenses: and some of the principal business men, to this day, draw their promissory notes payable at any bank at Portsmouth, excepting the branch of the United States' Bank.

Mr. BENTON then took the floor in opposition to the bill. He stated what were the motives which induced him to move his resolution last session, on the subject of the bank. He expressed the anxiety he had felt to bring the public mind to bear on the subject; for he did not speak with a view to change the opinions of any Senator, but merely to go abroad to the people. He expected that the people would come forward, in case this bill should pass, to instruct their representatives to adopt a different course. If that instruction should, however, be to con firm what the Senate were about to do, he would yield his place to another. Mr. B. here gave way for the me tion, and

Mr. MANGUM moved that the Senate now adjourn. The CHAIR decided that the yeas had it, but a recount was demanded; and the yeas and nays being demanded, the question was taken, and decided as follows:

YEAS.-Messrs. Benton, Brown, Dickerson, Dudley, Ellis, Grundy, Hayne, Hendricks, Hill, Kane, King, Mangum, Marcy, Miller, Smith, Sprague, Tazewell, Troup, White.--19.

NAYS.-Messrs. Bell, Buckner, Chambers, Clay, Clay ton, Dallas, Ewing, Foot, Frelinghuysen, Holmes, Johnston, Knight, Naudain, Poindexter, Prentiss, Robbins, Ruggles, Seymour, Silsbee, Tipton, Tomlinson, Wagga man, Webster, Wilkins.-24.

the

Mr. BENTON then resumed his observations, stating
that he had prepared himself for this result, by going out,
and taking a slight dinner. He proceeded to oppose
renewal of the charter.
After Mr. B. had spoken three-quarters of an hour, he
gave way for a motion for adjournment; and
The Senate adjourned.

SATURDAY, JUNE 9.
PROTECTION OF THE FRONTIER.

These facts, in themselves of small consequence to those who are in the habit of doing business by tens and hundreds of thousands, will serve to illustrate what, by possibility, may be the fate of those at the South and West, who have recently been so liberally accommodated with loans by the United States' Bank. Should they be called on suddenly to pay at one and the same time, and the call Mr. TIPTON, in accordance with the notice given by will be made at no time so likely as when there is a scar-him on Friday, rose to ask leave to introduce a bill to au city of funds, their situation may be no better than that thorize the President of the United States to raise five companies of rangers for the protection of the North

of those I have described.

JUNE 9, 1832.]

Alexandria Aqueduct.--Bank of the United States.

[SENATE.

western frontier of the United States. He said, I am fully will not amount to 200,000 dollars, while more than that aware, sir, that the Senate has no desire to listen to dis-sum has already been appropriated for this summer's camcussion upon any subject: nor would I now obtrude my-paign alone, and will probably be insufficient to meet the self upon their notice, were it not for the deep interest I object. If you wish, after the present war is ended, to feel in the passage of the bill I have had the honor to in-preserve a permanent peace, it will be indispensably netroduce. But it would be criminal in me to keep my seat cessary to keep up an armed force, continually patrolling in silence when the property and the lives of those whom upon the border, to prevent the breaking out of the malice I have the honor in part to represent on this floor are in of the savage irritated by defeat, and awaiting only an jeopardy. opportunity to wreak his revenge. Indeed, until some The bill proposes to authorize the President of the change is made in our Indian relations, we will be obliged United States to raise five hundred mounted riflemen to to support a military force in the neighborhood. And of protect the Northwestern frontier--this description of all kinds this is the most adapted to the duty required of troops being better suited to a border warfare than any

other.

The measure is proposed as well to protect those of the Indians who wish to remain friendly, as to defend the whites, and to chastise the hostile bands of those savages who hover on our borders, ready to strike a blow when ever the opportunity may offer.

it. I will not allow myself to believe that the Senate will count and compare the value of a few dollars with the lives of their own citizens. Remember, sir, I ask your aid, whilst the blood of our women, and the blood of our infants, is scarcely yet cold upon the ground. In the midst of our danger and distress, we make this appeal to the liberality and justice of Congress, and I do it in the fullest confidence that we will not be denied.

Sir, were the Union invaded, who more willing to rush to the point of danger, than the men of the West? They have poured out their blood like water; and will you not now afford them the aid they ask? Furnish us but the means, and my life for it, sir, my constituents are fully able to meet any emergency, and to brave any danger. you must let us fight under our own officers, and in our

But

It may be objected to on the ground that we have already an army to protect us. It is true, sir, we have an army of four thousand men: one-fourth of this force is stationed on the seaboard, and the remainder occupy the numerous garrisons from Maine to Arkansas. We cannot collect them, in case of an emergency, at a given point, in any reasonable time. No man can have greater confidence in the skill and courage of our army than I have--none would confide more implicitly in their ability to defend us own way. against an invading foe, were that foe a civilized one. But The bill was then read a first and second time, and rethe service of which I speak requires the description of ferred to the Committee on Military Affairs. troops that I now propose. The Indian is here to-day and gone to-morrow; and the only trace of his presence is misery, bloodshed, and tears. If you call upon your army to protect us, before they arrive at their destined point, the enemy has disappeared.

ALEXANDRIA AQUEDUCT.

ceeded to consider the bill for the benefit of the Alexan-
On motion of Mr. CHAMBERS, the Senate then pro-
dria Canal Company. Mr. C. made some explanation as
the attention and liberality of Congress.
to the situation of Alexandria, and her strong claims on

But it may be asked, why not mount a part of the army, under the conduct of their own officers? Sir, there are two reasons: the officers of the army are, for the most andria should be accompanied by a free bridge; and that Mr. SMITH thought the aqueduct asked for by Alexpart, unacquainted with the country, and with the habits this should be a substitute for the long bridge. He mainand mode of warfare of the enemy. They are many of tained that the right of General Mason to his ferry ought them young men, acquainted with the theory but not with not to be viclated without compensation. Mr. S. moved the practice of war. This service requires practical men, to amend the bill, by increasing the appropriation to acquainted with the Indians and their habits. It requires 130,000 dollars, and by inserting a provision reserving men who, like our Western hunters, have been raised with the rifle in their hand; who ride through the immense space for and erecting a free bridge. forests of our country with as much ease as others upon a plain and level road; who shoot with an unerring and certain aim; and who are, in every respect, eminently quali fied for the duty proposed by this bill.

Mr. WEBSTER said that General Mason would of course be indemnified, but objected to couple this matter with the Alexandria bill.

The bill and amendment were then laid on the table til Monday, and the amendment was ordered to be printed.

Mr. CHAMBERS objected to any amendment at this The inhabitants of the frontier would have more confi-stage of the session, but expressed a disposition to give dence in being defended by their fathers, husbands, and every attention to Georgetown at a proper time. brothers, many of whom are experienced in this kind of warfare, and who are emphatically of themselves, than by comparative strangers. Would you shorten this war that is now raging on our frontier, raise this troop. Five hun dred men, led by an officer suited to this service, are sufficient, after the first struggle shall have been dec.ded, to march through the Indian country from Lake Michigan to the Mississippi.

BANK OF THE UNITED STATES.

The Senate then resumed the consideration of the bill to modify and continue the act to incorporate the subscribers to the Bank of the United States.

Mr. BENTON resumed the remarks, in opposition to To discomfit the Indians, you must make rapid marches, the engrossment of the bill, which he commenced on the carry the war into the heart of their country, and compel preceding day. He stated that the establishment of the them to seek shelter for their women and children in the United States' Bank had been followed by injurious conseswamps and marshes. Large bodies move slowly. Aquences to the South and the West; and to prove this, he portion of your army is now on Rock river. Of their adverted to the instructions issued by the bank to the movements nothing has been heard for some days. The branches of the South and the West.

He quoted the lanIndians are breaking up the settlements, and driving in guage of a distinguished statesman, that the year 1816 the inhabitants south of them, and in the neighborhood would constitute an era, that it was the most disastrous of Galena, in the north. Move your army south, and the period in our history, as it had given birth to those twin Indians fly before them, and murder at other points, un-monsters, the bank and an ultra tariff. He considered the less our militia defend the frontier. bank and tariff as one and indissoluble; and held that the

On the score of economy, it is better and cheaper to death warrant of the South and West had issued from the raise the troop proposed, than to attempt to defend the institution when the circular instructions were sent abroad. frontier with militia. One year's pay for this battalion | He characterized the board of directors as a central power,

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acting and deciding in secret, and whose decisions were only known by their disastrous operation on the community.

MONDAY, JUNE 11.

THE PENSION LAW.

[JUNE 11, 1832.

He contended that the public deposites in the United On motion of Mr. CHAMBERS, the joint resolution States' Bank would by October next amount to twenty offered by Mr. WILKINS, to transfer to the Secretary of millions, and that all the statements made as to the diminu- War the duties imposed by the pension bill on the Secre tion of the public deposites were fallacious. The hos tary of the Treasury, was taken up for consideration. tility of the bank to the rapid payment of the public debt, Mr. CHAMBERS then adverted to the practice of the he said, was evidenced by its course in the South and the department to put the most rigid constructions on the West; and its enmity to an administration which was se- pension laws, and that these constructions are somewhat dulously applying itself to the payment of the debt, was similar to those which are upon the laws in favor of crimi equally apparent. The orders of the bank to change the nats in cases which are highly penal. He stated that the loans in the South and West into domestic bills of ex-bill which had lately passed was a supplement to the act change, he considered to be sufficient proof of this en-of 1818, which provided for certain officers, &c. speci. mity. This mode of coercing the debtors of the bank, he fied; but that the supplementary bill had omitted to inascribed to a desire to exact usurious interest. He charg- clude within its provisions all the officers belonging to the ed the bank with adopting the aristocratical and oppressive hospital department and on the medical staff. He stated, practices of the Bank of England; and was desirous that further, that one of his colleagues in the other House had Congress should wait three or four years longer before assured him that, under the rigid practice of the depart they renewed the charter, in order to see how these prac-ment, this class of officers would be considered as not tices would result. He stated that a pilgrimage to Phila- entitled to the benefit of the law. He therefore proposed delphia to raise money was just as common, and just as to amend the resolution by adding a clause to the follownecessary to obtain capital, as a pilgrimage to Mecca was ing effect:

one.

to save the soul of a Mahometan. He wished that, if the "And that, in the execution of the said act, all officers country was to have a bank, it would be an independent in the hospital department and on the medical staff be He thought the West ought to be freed from the considered as being as fully within the meaning of the said pressure of an institution which bore it down to the earth, act, as of officers of the line." for the purpose of enriching another section of the Union. He called on all who had been at New Orleans, and all who drank the waters of the West, to step forward and rescue New Orleans from the grasp of a foreign Power, which was about to plunge her into ruin.

Mr. WILKINS requested the reading of a paper ad dressed to the chairman of the Committee on Pensions by the chef clerk of the Pension Office, exhibiting the inconvenience which resulted from the petitions being filed in one department, and the papers in another.

[In the course of the remarks of Mr. BENTON, a message Mr. FOOT said a few words against the change, and was received from the House of Representatives, commu corrected the statement that this new bill was a supple nicating an amendment made to the bill from the Senate ment to the act of 1818. It was a supplement to the law to substitute mounted volunteers for infantry on the of 1828. He moved a substitute to the amendment proNorthwestern frontier. The amendment strikes out the posed, directing the Secretary of the Treasury to permit original bill, and authorizes the Pres dent to raise any num-he withdrawal of the papers of petitioners. ber of mounted volunteers, not to exceed 1,100 men, &c. After some few words in explanation, Mr. MANGUM On motion of Mr. WHITE, the Senate proceeded to moved to commit the resolution to the Committee on Penconsider the amendment; when sions, which was negatived--yeas 14.

Mr. CLAY remarked that it was certainly an extraordinary circumstance, that, in the present state of our North western frontier, there had been no movement on the part of the Executive; but that the Senate obtained all the information it had on the subject from a member rising here, and another member rising there, in his place.

The message was, on motion of Mr. WEBSTER, laid on the table.]

Mr. GRUNDY then moved the indefinite postponement of the bank bill; and,

Some conversation then took place on a suggestion from Mr. FORSYTH to take away from the amendment the authority for the applicants themselves to withdraw their

papers.

The amendment of Mr. Foor was negatived; that of Mr. CHAMBERS agreed to; and the resolution ordered to a third reading.

DUTIES ON IMPORTS.

On motion of Mr. DICKERSON, the Senate took up The question being taken thereon, it was decided as the bill to repeal in part the duties on imports--yeas 21, follows: nays 16. YEAS.--Messrs. Benton, Bibb, Brown, Dickerson, Mr. DICKERSON then stated that his object was to Dudley, Ellis, Forsyth, Grundy, Hayne, Hill, Kane, King, offer an amendment to the bill, and to move for the printMangum, Marcy, Miller, Moore, Tazewell, Troup, Tyler, ng of that amendment, and then to lay the bill again on the table, until the Senate should be disposed to take it up. He then moved to strike out all the first section of the bill, after the word "cocoa," and to insert a new classification of articles, which he sent to the Chair.

White.-20.

NAYS.--Messrs. Bell, Buckner, Chambers, Clay, Clayton, Dallas, Ewing, Foot, Frelinghuysen, Hendricks, Holmes, Johnston, Naudain, Prentiss, Robbins, Robinson, Silsbee, Smith, Sprague, Tipton, Tomlinson, Waggaman, Webster, Wilkins.--24.

The question was taken on the engrossment of the bill for a third reading, and decided in the affirmative, as follows:

The amendment having been read, was ordered to be printed.

Mr. TAZEWELL then said that he had been opposed to taking up the bill at this time, because he had wished to offer an amendment which he had been for some time YEAS.-Messrs. Bell, Buckner, Chambers, Clay, Clay-preparing, and which he wished to offer, to be sent to the ton, Dallas, Ewing, Foot, Frelinghuysen, Hendricks, printing shop, to the Senate, to the world, or any where Holmes, Johnston, Knight, Naudain, Prentiss, Robbins, else. All that he had as yet been able to accomplish, was Robinson, Silsbee, Smith, Sprague, Tipton, Tomlinson, to prepare a rough draught of a bill, which would exhi Waggaman, Webster, Wilkins.--25.

NAYS.--Messrs. Benton, Bibb, Brown, Dickerson, Dudley, Ellis, Forsyth, Grundy, Hayne, H 11, Kane, King, Mangum, Marcy, Miller, Moore, Tazewell, Troup, Tyler, White.--20.

bit the principles which he thought should be adopted in order to fix the revenue of the country on a basis on which he deemed it to be practicable to place it. The principles might, in the first place, be examined, and the Senate might afterwards go into the consideration of the

JUNE 11, 1832.]

Bank of the United States.--Alexandria Canal Company.

[SENATE.

The bill was then passed, and sent to the other House

ALEXANDRIA CANAL COMPANY.

details. If the Senate should decide that the principles
of his bill were correct, they would then proceed to con- for concurrence.
sider the details which he should be prepared at a proper
time to offer. Should the principles presented by his bill
be repudiated by the Senate, there would be no necessity
for touching the details. He stated that he was engaged
in the preparation of some schedules embracing the de-
tails of the bill.

The proposition was then received informally in the shape of an amendment to the amendment.

Mr. CLAY expressed his hope that the proposition would be received by the Senate. He was glad to find that the gentleman from Virginia had devoted a portion of his time to this employment. He hoped the gentleman would proceed in his work, prepare his schedules, and furnish them to the Senate, that they might be printed, and, at a proper time, receive the consideration of the Senate. He would refrain from any observations, at this time, on the subject of the principles of the bill. He should be pleased, however, to see, in an authentic and responsible form, the views of every individual Senator, and, were it possible, of every member of the House of Representatives, in order that the whole might be considered together, and that the good might be extracted, and incorporated into a bill.

Mr. WEBSTER hoped that it would be understood that the schedules in preparation were also to be printed, as they might be furnished by the gentleman from Virginia.

The CHAIR replied that it would be so understood. The amendments were then ordered to be printed; and the bill was then laid on the table.

BANK OF THE UNITED STATES.

The bill to modify and continue the act to incorporate the subscribers to the Bank of the United States was read

a third time.

The question being on its passage,

Mr. WEBSTER asked for the yeas and nays on this question, and they were ordered.

Mr. MANGUM then spoke briefly in exposition of the reasons which would compel him to vote against the passage of the bill.

The question was then taken, and decided as follows: YEAS.-Messrs. Bell, Buckner, Chambers, Clay, Clayton, Dallas, Ewing, Foot, Frelinghuysen, Hendricks, Holmes, Johnston, Knight, Naudain, Poindexter, Prentiss, Robbins, Robinson, Ruggles, Seymour, Silsbee, Smith, Sprague, Tipton, Tomlinson, Waggaman, Webster, Wilkins.-28.

NAYS.--Messrs. Benton, Bibb, Brown, Dickerson, Dudley, Ellis, Forsyth, Grundy, Hayne, Hill, Kane, King, Mangum, Marcy, Miller, Moore, Tazewell, Troup, Tyler, White.--20.

On his name being called,

Mr. DALLAS said that, being called to vote on the passage of the bill, he felt it to be his duty to make a brief statement to the Senate. He had been returned to the Senate on the list of stockholders, as holding a part of the stock in the bank. As soon as he found that this subject would come in for discussion, he had directed the stock which he held in the institution to be sold. It had been sold, he had received the amount of the sales, and had no longer any interest in the bank.

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On motion of Mr. CHAMBERS, the Senate then proceeded to consider the bill for the benefit of the Alexandria Canal Company.

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The question pending being on the motion of Mr. SMITH to insert the word thirty" after the words "one hundred," increasing the appropriation to 130,000 dollars; and to insert after the provision for an aqueduct, the words "and sixteen feet on each side thereof for a free bridge.".

Mr. FÖRSYTH asked for the yeas and nays on this question.

Some discussion took place on the subject of the amendment, when, on motion of Mr. HAYNE, the question was divided, and the order for the yeas and nays on the first branch, the insertion of the word "thirty," being withdrawn, the motion was negatived.

The question being then on the motion to insert the words in reference to the free bridge,

The amendment was advocated by Mr. FORSYTH and Mr. HAYNE; and opposed by Mr. CLAY, Mr. MILLER, Mr. TYLER, Mr. FOOT, and Mr. CHAMBERS.

The amendment was advocated on the ground that the aqueduct would be injurious to the interests of Georgetown, and destructive to the rights of General Mason in his ferry; and that the only consideration which Georgetown could receive in return was in the form of a free bridge for her benefit.

It was replied that Alexandria had not received her share in the distribution of the funds received by the Government from the sales of public lands within the District, and that she ought to be gratified in this her first application to Congress for aid; that the opposition of Georgetown to the measure was ill-timed and unkind; and that the rights of General Mason in the ferry would be protected. It was further declared that there was no disposition on the part of Alexandria to injure Georgetown, or to interfere with the rights of General Mason; and a pledge was given by Alexandria that she would at any time permit a free bridge to be built on the piers of the aqueduct, and that any injury to the owner of the ferry would be equitably adjusted.

It was then explained by Mr. CLAY, in compliance with a suggestion from the authorities of Georgetown, that there was no opposition intended to the wishes of Alexandria.

Mr. CLAY complimented the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. TYLER] and the gentleman from South Carolina Mr. MILLER] on their union with him on this question of internal improvement; and expressed a hope that they would extend their new feelings beyond the District. In reference to the protests against the system, he related an anecdote, in substance as follows:

After a certain message of a late President of the United States, about the year 1825, which, with a great deal of eloquence, enforced the propriety of a system of internal improvements, there was a great deal of alarm excited through the ancient dominion of Virginia on the subject of this official document. Some of those gentlemen who participated in this alarm, were deputed to wait on Mr. Jefferson, and to ask his advice how they should act in this emergency, in this melancholy condition to which the commonwealth had been reduced. After they had set forth their complaints, and their desire that he would advise them how to act--"why," said Mr. Jefferson, "I'll tell you." They had talked about protests, resolutions, &c. "I'll tell you," said Mr. Jefferson--" make a protest! make a solemn protest! and then get as much of the money as you can.

The yeas and nays were then ordered on the second

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part of the amendment, moved by Mr. SMITH, and the
question being taken, was decided as follows:
YEAS.--Messrs. Forsyth, Hayne, Hill, Marcy, Smith,
Tipton, Waggaman.--7.

NAYS.--Messrs. Bell, Bibb, Brown, Buckner, Chambers, Clay, Clayton, Dallas, Dickerson, Dudley, Ewing, Foot, Frelinghuysen, Grundy, Hendricks, Holmes, Johnston, Kane, King, Knight, Mangum, Miller, Moore, Naudain, Poindexter, Prentiss, Robbins, Robinson, Ruggles, Seymour, Silsbee, Sprague, Tazewell, Tomlinson, Troup, Tyler, Webster, White, Wilkins.--39.

The bill was ordered to a third reading--yeas 38, nays 5.

INDIAN WAR.

[JUNE 11, 1832.

field, and, when they return, more murders will be per. petrated.

Those who have not lost their lives have lost their pro perty, and the opportunity of making bread for this sea son. Another letter informed him that there was not bread enough in the country to serve the people ten days. The Indian has struck his blows, and will lie close and conceal himself until our militia return from their expe dition.

At the approach of autumn, when the settlers, driven by necessity, return to recover their property, and to put in winter grain for the next crop, unless we have an armed force there, this war will be renewed.

And, sir, said Mr. T., will you then expect us to renew this application next year to Congress with another mournful list of murders? If you do, you are, perhaps, mistaken. Let me tell you what will be done!

There are about five thousand one hundred Indians

On motion of Mr. WEBSTER, the Senate proceeded to consider the message of the House of Representatives, communicating the amendment of that body, authorizing the President of the United States to receive into the ser- in Indiana, and in Illinois eight thousand six hundred: vice of the United States' volunteers, for the protection of we are neighbors, cannot agree, and are now at war. the Northwestern frontier, not to exceed ten companies. You must separate us by removing these Indians out of Mr. CLAY then withdrew the motion which he had these States, or you may be sure, sir, that we will exter made on Saturday to recommit the bill. minate them. From this war, and this danger, the Me

Mr. TIPTON then rose to move some amendments nominees and a part of the Pottawatamies are exempt. which he thought would obviate the difficulty that had If you will send the force which we want, it can, if under arisen. He said the bill now before the Senate, as amended judicious officers, protect the white people and the friendby the House, provides for raising one thousand gun men ly Indians until all the Indian tribes are removed from our to protect the Northwestern frontier against the Indians. vicinity.

He would have been satisfied with the bill as it was, for This is no tariff bill to talk, and write, and threaten he was anxious to stop the effusion of blood, and the de- about, and put off until next year. It comes home to our struction of property, in the frontier country. Some Se-business and bosoms: our wives and our little ones--our nators object to the number of men to be raised, some to all are at stake. We cannot, we will not, delay. Let their term of service, and others to the discretionary me entreat gentlemen, whatever they do, to do it quickly. power vested in the President. On a former occasion he It is better for us that you should this day, before the had stated that five hundred men were competent to the Western mail goes out, decide. Denial is better for us service, if led by an officer suited to the occasion. This than delay. When you tell us no, you must defend was still his opinion; but, yielding to the wishes of the yourselves-we cannot spare the money--the tariff will representative from Illinois, for whose opinion he had not be modified--we dread giving the President this great respect, he had left the number blank. Some Se-power--there are but few Indians at war-your men, now nators have said to the friends of this measure, agree out, will watch the Black Hawk until he starves; then, among yourselves, and we will vote with you for any sum sir, we understand you. Understanding, then, sir, we that is required. In order to settle this matter, and pro- know what to do. I am no prophet; but I would not be cure the prompt action of Congress, I now propose, said surprised if all the Indians from Tippecanoe to the Mis Mr. T., to amend the amendment, by asking for five hun-sissippi should be exterminated before the end of one dred men, to serve one year, to be commanded by one year. Sir, it is our duty, in self-defence, to do this; and, major and a suitable number of platoon officers, to be after it is done, let me not be told, you Western people appointed by the President, by and with the advice and are savages; you murdered the poor Indians. Do gen consent of the Senate. He had no fear of the discretion-tlemen expect us to beg the lives of our families upon our ary power vested in the President. The President knew knees? It is not in our nature; we cannot, we will not, too well what was due to a suffering people, and to his do it. Congress will adjourn in a few days; and when we own fame, and he had given too many pledges of fidelity return to our people, and tell them that we have done all to his country, now to err in regard to conducting an In-in our power to procure men for their defence, and have dian war. Pass this bill with the amendment, and, in failed, then, sir, our constituents know what to do, and thirty days from the day the President signs it, a sufficient upon you, not upon us, be the charge of what follows; force will be on the frontier, and of that description of for these wars will be brought to a close in the shortest troops that will inspire confidence in our people, and ena- possible way. It is proper that I should state that I have ble them to return with their families to their former conversed with the Secretary of War, and that he ap homes. This number of men is amply sufficient to keep proves raising this corps. I wrote to him, but he is absent, peace, and the presence of an armed force is at all times or I would have had a letter to submit to the Senate upon necessary to awe those Indians into submission. the subject.

An Indian has no love for the American people. The I am opposed, continued Mr. T., to popular elections missions, the teachers, and the preachers sent to them, of military officers. They create much difficulty, and have not civilized them, nor will the long prayers made, are subversive of military discipline. When an officer nor the hypocritical hands holden up in our Eastern cities is charged with an expedition, and directed to take his in behalf of the poor Indians, have much effect in ward- men to a certain point, and do a certain thing, he is re ing off the scalping knives from our heads. To explain sponsible for the execution of the order. Can he say to the cause of his anxiety on this subject, Mr. T. read a this man, go there, to another stay here, if he is electionletter from Major Brown, dated May 30th, stating that eering with them? Military service requires power to General Walker, with four hundred men, had gone out. enforce discipline if you will make it efficient. The PreGeneral Walker, said Mr. T., is a brave and active young sident knows this. He has been embarrassed by these man: 1is followers are united to the service; while they things in his campaign. I confide in him that he will not are out, the frontiers will be protected. But these men appoint cadets from West Point, nor bar room clerks live by their own industry, and cannot remain long in the and counterhoppers to command our men. No, sir, he

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