America and the Great War for Humanity and FreedomWillis Fletcher Johnson (1857 - March 29, 1931), was an author, lecturer and for twenty years foreign and diplomatic editorial writer for The New York Tribune. World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, or the Great War, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history.Over 9 million combatants and 7 million civilians died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved.The war drew in all the world's economic great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the British Empire, France and the Russian Empire) versus the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. Although Italy was a member of the Triple Alliance alongside Germany and Austria-Hungary, it did not join the Central Powers, as Austria-Hungary had taken the offensive, against the terms of the alliance.These alliances were reorganised and expanded as more nations entered the war: Italy, Japan and the United States joined the Allies, while the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers.The trigger for the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, by Yugoslav nationalist Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. This set off a diplomatic crisis when Austria-Hungary delivered an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia, and entangled international alliances formed over the previous decades were invoked. Within weeks, the major powers were at war and the conflict soon spread around the world. On 28 July, the Austro-Hungarians declared war on Serbia.As Russia mobilised in support of Serbia, Germany invaded neutral Belgium and Luxembourg before moving towards France, leading the United Kingdom to declare war on Germany. After the German march on Paris was halted, what became known as the Western Front settled into a battle of attrition, with a trench line that changed little until 1917. On the Eastern Front, the Russian army was successful against the Austro-Hungarians, but the Germans stopped its invasion of East Prussia. In November 1914, the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers, opening fronts in the Caucasus, Mesopotamia and the Sinai. In 1915, Italy joined the Allies and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers; Romania joined the Allies in 1916, as did the United States in 1917.The Russian government collapsed in March 1917, and a revolution in November followed by a further military defeat brought the Russians to terms with the Central Powers via the Treaty of Brest Litovsk, which granted the Germans a significant victory. After a stunning German offensive along the Western Front in the spring of 1918, the Allies rallied and drove back the Germans in a series of successful offensives. On 4 November 1918, the Austro-Hungarian empire agreed to an armistice, and Germany, which had its own trouble with revolutionaries, agreed to an armistice on 11 November 1918, ending the war in victory for the Allies... |
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212 CHAPTER XVII FUTILE EFFORTS FOR PEACE ... 223 CHAPTER XVIII
AMERICA AS A BELLIGERENT .. 233 CHAPTER XIX OUR RESOURCES ;
ACTUAL AND POTENTIAL .......... 238 CHAPTER XX PAGE OUR MILITARY
GEOGRAPHY .
212 CHAPTER XVII FUTILE EFFORTS FOR PEACE ... 223 CHAPTER XVIII
AMERICA AS A BELLIGERENT .. 233 CHAPTER XIX OUR RESOURCES ;
ACTUAL AND POTENTIAL .......... 238 CHAPTER XX PAGE OUR MILITARY
GEOGRAPHY .
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that the first American man - of - war was built ; that the British Government sent
peace commissioners to meet our own ; that George III ratified the treaty of peace
with America , and that the ending of the War for Independence was proclaimed .
that the first American man - of - war was built ; that the British Government sent
peace commissioners to meet our own ; that George III ratified the treaty of peace
with America , and that the ending of the War for Independence was proclaimed .
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Our object now , as then , is to vindicate the principles of peace and the justice in
the life of the world as against selfish and autocratic power and to set up among
the really free and self - governed peoples of the world such a concert 23 THE ...
Our object now , as then , is to vindicate the principles of peace and the justice in
the life of the world as against selfish and autocratic power and to set up among
the really free and self - governed peoples of the world such a concert 23 THE ...
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ONE MORALITY FOR NATIONS AND PERSONS Neutrality is no longer feasible
or desirable where the peace of the world is involved and the freedom of its
peoples , and the menace to that peace and freedom lies in the existence of ...
ONE MORALITY FOR NATIONS AND PERSONS Neutrality is no longer feasible
or desirable where the peace of the world is involved and the freedom of its
peoples , and the menace to that peace and freedom lies in the existence of ...
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IT MUST BE A LEAGUE OF HONOR A steadfast concert for peace can never be
maintained except by a partnership of democratic nations . No autocratic
government could be trusted to keep faith within it or observe its covenants . It
must be a ...
IT MUST BE A LEAGUE OF HONOR A steadfast concert for peace can never be
maintained except by a partnership of democratic nations . No autocratic
government could be trusted to keep faith within it or observe its covenants . It
must be a ...
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America and the Great War for Humanity and Freedom (Classic Reprint) Willis Fletcher Johnson Приказ није доступан - 2018 |
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alliance allies American arms army attack Austria Balkan battle became began beginning Belgium belligerents Britain British Bulgaria called campaign cause century chief Civil coast colonies command Congress course cruisers defense Department destroyed direct effect Emperor Empire established Europe European fact February fighting fire flag fleet force four France Frederick French German guns hand humanity hundred imperial important increase independent interest Italy King known land later less losses March means ment miles military months nation naval navy nearly neutral never object officers organized Panama peace Poland port powers practically present President Prince provinces relations result Russia sent Serbia ships side submarines supplies taken tion torpedo treaty troops Turkey United universal various vessels whole women