[ENGINEERING COMMITTEE: PART V: APPENDICES]

APPENDIX C

REPORT ON

THE USE AND WASTE OF WATER IN NEW YORK CITY.

BY

FOSTER CROWELL.

M. Am. Soc. C. E, M. Inst. C. E.

II. THE LEGITIMATE USES OF A PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY AS
APPLIED TO NEW YORK,.

192

Public Uses Defined,

Trade Uses Defined,

192

192

Domestic Use,

Quantity of Water Used for Public Purposes in Cities,

Quality of Water Used for Trade Purposes in Cities,
New York's Large Trade Consumption,

193

193

193

193

Analysis of Meter Records in New York Records, 1897, 1898,

1899; Tables II, III and IV,

194

Reduction of Waste in Metered Supply,

194

Probable Limit of Combined Domestic Consumption and
Waste in Manhattan at Present,

195

III. THE QUANTITIES OF WATER USED IN VARIOUS CITIES AND
THE REASONABLE ALLOWANCE FOR ACTUAL AND NECES-
SARY USE IN NEW YORK,

Quantities of Water Used for Domestic Purposes in Various
Cities, Table V, .

Reasonable Allowance for Manhattan and the Bronx,
Investigations Elsewhere,

IV. THE WASTE OF WATER IN NEW YORK IN COMPARISON WITH
OTHER CITIES, .

The Quantity of Theoretical Waste,

Experiments to Reduce Waste,

The Shoreditch Experiments,

Success in Checking Waste in Fall River, Mass.,

Experience in Philadelphia and in Boston,

Tests of Waste in New York,

V. MEASUREMENT OF THE NEW YORK CONSUMPTION OF WATER
BY GAUGINGS OF THE SEWAGE FLOW,.

The Minetta Brook Experiments, by Mr. Rudolph Hering,
M. Am. Soc. C. E.,

Tabulation of the Sewer Gaugings, Table VIII,

204

204

204

Diagrams Showing Character and Extent of the Sewer Gaugings, 204
Daily Average Flow in Sewers in 1888,

204

Percentage of Rainfall that May Become Ground Water, .
Individual Quota of Ground Water,

205

205

Quantity of Daily Consumption as Indicated by Sewage Flow,
Table IX,

205

VI. ANALYSIS OF THE WASTE IN NEW YORK: CONCLUSIONS
REGARDING ITS POSSIBLE PREVENTION,

206

Diagram Showing Graphically the Use and Waste of Water in
New York,

208

Extent to which Prevention of Waste can be Carried,

208

LIST OF PLATES.

DIAGRAM I.-Map showing pervious and impervious areas of Minetta
Brook Drainage Area.

DIAGRAMS II TO V.-Dry weather flow of sewage in Minetta Brook
Drainage Area about Amity Street.

DIAGRAM VI.-Comparison of dry weather sewage flow of Minetta
Brook Drainage Area with John R. Freeman's

record of fluctuations of surface in Central Park
Reservoirs.

DIAGRAM VII.-Diagram showing consumption and waste of water,

THE USE AND WASTE OF WATER IN NEW

YORK CITY.

BY FOSTER CROWELL, C. E.

To the Engineering Committee of the Merchants' Association of New York, Thomas C. Clarke, Past Pres. Am. Soc. C. E., Chairman:

GENTLEMEN:

In response to your communication of March 7, 1900, requesting me to investigate and report upon the questions therein submitted relating to the use and waste of water in the Boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx, I present the following report:

1.

PRESENT WATER CONSUMPTION IN MANHATTAN AND THE BRONX.

According to the gaugings of the Croton water supply made in 1899 under the direction of Mr. John R. Freeman, M. Am. Soc. C. E., which gaugings are the latest and most reliable, and which you have requested me to take as the basis of my investigations, the daily delivery in November and December to the distributing reservoirs averaged 226,000,000 gallons per day. This is 92 per cent. of the combined Croton and Bronx supplies. The entire population supplied from the Croton and Bronx being 2,117,090, the population supplied from the Croton alone is 92 per cent. of that, or 1,947,000.

The average delivery during the period mentioned is thus found to be 116.07 gallons per head per day.