(j) To adopt all ordinances and regulations for the proper sanitation, safety, prosperity, and general welfare of the city. The municipal board may impose penalties for the violation of ordinances of not to exceed 200 and six months' imprisonment or both for a single offense.

276. Municipal Administration. The city government is divided into six main departments under the general supervisory control of the mayor. They are the department of engineering and public works, the police department, the law department, the fire department, the finance department, and the department of assessments. Each chief of a department prepares and sends to the mayor, for submission to the municipal board, an estimate of expenditures and the appropriation necessary for the operation of the department during the ensuing year.

The Governor-General, with the consent of the Philippine Senate, appoints the fiscal of the city and his assistants, the judge and clerk of the municipal court, the justice and auxiliary justice of the peace, the city engineer and his assistants, the chief of police and his assistant, the chief of the fire department, the city treasurer, the city assessor, and the city superintendent of schools. The mayor appoints all other officials and employees of the city. He may suspend and remove those officers and employees appointed by him. Any such suspension or removal is appealable to the Secretary of the Interior, whose decision in the matter is final. The mayor may recommend to the Governor-General the suspension or removal of any officer or employee appointed by the latter.

277. Insular Bureaus Performing Municipal Duties. The Insular Auditor and the Insular Treasurer are ex-officio Insular Auditor and Insular Treasurer respectively, for the City of Manila. The Director of Education, through the city superintendent of schools, exercises jurisdiction over all

school matters of the city. The city has also a local school board of six members, which has the same powers and duties as the local school boards in municipalities. The Director of Health exercises general control of health and sanitary matters in the city, and the Philippine Health Service is at the same time the city board of health.

278. The City of Baguio. The city of Baguio is governed by the mayor, vice-mayor and the city council. Other city officers are the city secretary, the city health officer, the city engineer, the city treasurer, the city assessor, the justice of the peace, the chief of police and the city attorney.

"The mayor of Baguio has generally the same powers and duties as the mayor of Manila.

The vice-mayor acts in the place of the mayor in his absence, and is also a member of the city council.

The city council is composed of the mayor, the vice-mayor, and three other members, two of whom are elected in conformity with the provisions of the Election Law. The other member of the city council, and the mayor and vice-mayor, are appointed by the Governor-General with the consent of the Philippine Senate.

The city council has the same powers as the other councils with regard to its interior administration. It appropriates money for the expenses of the government; it fixes the salaries of the city officers and employees, subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Interior; it provides for the collection of taxes, and fixes the amounts of the license fees for the different trades and occupations; it lays out and regulates the use of the streets and public places; it maintains public schools; it establishes fire limits; it erects engine houses and maintains fire engines; and it looks after the general welfare of the city

279. The Advisory Council. The advisory council of the City of Baguio is composed of five Igorrot members. It holds meetings upon the request of three members trans-\| mitted to the city secretary, or when convened by the mayor. The meetings are presided over by the mayor or another mem- \\ ber of the city council. It is the duty of the presiding officer to explain to the advisory council all actions taken or proposed by the city council regarding ordinances, public improvements, and other matters of general interest to the people of the city; to ascertain its views on those subjects, and to hear suggestions and recommendations from them for the guidance of the city council.

280. City Activities. Conditions and customs are naturally different in a city like Manila, which is the capital and metropolis of the Islands. The people who reside in Manila enjoy many modern conveniences not found in other municipalities in the Philippines. The lives of the people are influenced more than in isolated communities.

Manila enjoys the advantages of electric lights, an electric railway, gas, and telephones. Good water is furnished by the city and ice can be purchased. A number of sanitary markets are maintained by the city. Property is protected by modern fire apparatus. Amusement and recreation are provided by the constabulary band, a municipal golf course, tennis courts, baseball parks, football grounds, public playgrounds, theaters, and cinematographs. There are also a number of parks, of which the Botanical Garden and the Luneta are best known. The educational opportunities are many, for in Manila are great schools and colleges, many newspapers and periodicals, and a large library open to the public. Beautiful churches of many denominations exist in the city. The inhabitants of the City of Baguio, like those of the City of Manila, enjoy many privileges.

CHAPTER XXIV

SPECIALLY ORGANIZED PROVINCES AND

MUNICIPALITIES

281. The Specially Organized Provinces. The specially organized provinces of the Philippines are Batanes, Palawan, Mountain Province, Nueva Vizcaya, Agusan, Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Sulu, and Zamboanga. A large part of the population of the Mountain Province and of the provinces of Bukidnon, Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Sulu, and Zamboanga is non-Christian. Five of them - Cotabato, Davao, Lanao, Sulu, and Zamboanga · have a considerable Moro population.

The specially organized provinces are governed in accordance with Chapter 63 of the Administrative Code, entitled "The Provincial Government," of the former Department of Mindanao and Sulu. Up to 1919 this chapter of the Administrative Code applied only to the provinces of Mindanao and Sulu (except Misamis and Surigao, which are regularly organized), but subsequent legislation made it applicable to the other special provinces, so that at present there are really only two kinds of provincial governments, those of the regularly organized and those of the specially organized provinces. With the exception of Palawan and Batanes, all the specially organized provinces are under the immediate supervision of the Director of the Bureau of Non-Christian Tribes.

282. The Provincial Officers. The chief provincial offiVcers in the specially organized provinces are the provincial