Mr. KENNEDY. General, could you give the committee an idea of the inventory level by months here, with regard to the technical services? Colonel STUART. I will try. With regard to class II supplies, we have sufficient to carry us from year to year. Upon receipt of a year's stock, we are in a position to hold them over until the receipt of the next year, so that our supply level varies from month to month in accordance with the shipments from the States, which are on an annual basis. That is with general supplies. With ammunition, it works pretty much the same way. * Mr. BONNER. Mr. Roback? Mr. ROBACK. In line with Congressman Lantaff's question, General Arnold, does the effort to integrate the Turkish supply system start at this level, or have you received any policy directives from Washington? Major General ARNOLD. I have received no policy directive concerning that. It started from this level. STANDARDIZATION OF EQUIPMENT Mr. ROBACK. Now with regard to efforts toward standardization among the different countries in the aid program, how do you balance urgency needs against the standardization requirements? For example, you have facilities that will not be part of the standardization program Major General ARNOLD. Well, when I speak of the standardization program, I mean the caliber of the gun, and so we use the same type of ammunition. If Turkey is attacked, for example, and there is World War III, the only possible source of resupply to keep Turkey in the fight would be from United States sources. It would be much simpler to try to standardize the Turkish weapons so that they fire American ammunition, so I could get that resupply. If we had to go back home to set up an assembly line to make something that the Turks needed that we did not make before, there would be too much delay on it. It is too expensive. So that is my thought entirely on it. On the nonstandard equipment we have, we are trying to manufacture, on our own resources here, enough stock so that we can use that for a considerable period of time after hostilities start. Mr. BONNER. Had you finished, Mr. Roback? Mr. ROBACK. Yes, sir. Mr. BONNER. And you, Mr. Kennedy, have you any further questions? Mr. KENNEDY. I would like to ask a few more questions. Colonel, with regard to requisitioning cycle time from the States, what is the period? Colonel STEWART. Previously it was approximately a year and a half. Now the States have greatly increased the efficiency of handling MDAP, so that now they are already taking some action on the 1952 requisitions. They are getting ready to ship those, so it has progressed down from about a year and a half, and in some cases 2 years for hard-to-procure items, to under a year. Mr. KENNEDY. Does not that vitally affect your planning here? Major General ARNOLD. Very definitely it vitally affects the planning, because we are always trying to meet a target date in the future. Mr. KENNEDY. Have you any recommendations to cut that time? Major General ARNOLD. Well, I would like to qualify the statement here. General Olmstead, who is head of the military defense assistance in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, was out here recently, and he said that he hoped to reduce the lead time to approximately 1 year, provided that the situation in Korea and elsewhere allows it. If the fighting in Korea is going to continue or become more intense it affects us, because the things that are intended for us don't come to us, they go to Korea. That is particularly applicable in the case of the Air Force. Mr. KENNEDY. General, with regard to this particular area, is there any consolidation of programs with supply to the American military mission in Greece? Major General ARNOLD. With the Greeks? Mr. KENNEDY. In other words, are shipments consolidated, is there transshipment from Greece, or is everything shipped directly from the States to Turkey? Major General ARNOLD. As far as I know, everything, except some things that might come in an emergency by air, are all shipped respectively to Greece and to Turkey. They are not consolidated. In other words, a ship comes to Turkey and unloads, and one goes to Greece and unloads. Now it is possible that this happens: A ship goes to Piraeus and off-loads something for Greece. That same ship may come to Turkey and off-load the Turkish part of the order. Mr. KENNEDY. Your spare parts must create a problem with regard to repair? For instance, you mentioned using German and Englishtype items; how do you meet that? Major General ARNOLD. That's met in two ways. The first way is the Turks manufacture locally. Secondly, they procure, with Turkish funds from their own resources, these items from the countries you are talking about. Mr. KENNEDY. Have you run into any problems of that nature with regard to, say, German items? Major General ARNOLD. Problems? Yes. For example, the Turks have two battalions with German tanks for which there are no spare parts. The Turks are trying to get some of those. Repairs for antitank equipment have to be procured from Great Britain. But we don't use aid funds for that purpose. Mr. KENNEDY. Could you give the committee an idea of the security necessary to insure that the pilferage rate is kept at a minimum in your warehouses? For instance, do you have native guards? Or do you employ units in the Turkish Army to guard your supplies? Major General ARNOLD. The supplies that you saw this morning are not guarded by Americans. There are Americans on duty over there who are in the capacity of advisers and instructors. The security guard is furnished by the Turkish Army. In my own headquarters here I have no guard. I mean, I have no soldiers here-American soldiers. All of us here have a job to do. We are here furnished 80 soldiers by the Turkish Army to perform our so-called exterior guard. We have an officer on duty 24 hours a day. The outside guard is all Turkish, and all supplies in Turkey are guarded and accounted for by the Turks themselves. Mr. KENNEDY. Could you approximate the rate of pilferage? Major General ARNOLD. I would say that it is practically nilzero-no pilferage. Mr. KENNEDY. Do you have any supplies on hand that you regard as excessive that could be transferred to other areas possibly by a request to the Turkish Government? Major General ARNOLD. Not in sight at least, no. Mr. KENNEDY. Thank you. MACHINE TOOLS Mr. BONNER. Mr. Lantaff, did you have another question? Mr. LANTAFF. I have a question with reference to your machine tool needs here. Do you have here all the machine tools necessary for your rehabilitation operations? Major General ARNOLD. By and large, we have sufficient machine tools. There are, however, exceptions where a special type of machine tool would be required that we don't have. That is particularly apropos if the Turks go into the manufacture of automotive spare partsthat is, gears and what have you-in order to make production worth while. Mr. LANTAFF. Have you requested Major General ARNOLD. We are now surveying to find out what is required. In other words, there is an extensive survey going on here now, both with ourselves and ECA, to find out specifically what can be made, where, and what quantities are required. In other words, to make anything at a reasonable cost we have got to make it in some quantity. It would be foolish to try to make two of this and three of that and four of that. It is cheaper to buy it from some other source. So that survey is being made at the present time, and it will come up with whatever tooling is required. Mr. LANTAFF. Just for your information, General, that question was prompted because the committee was in Adak, and there we inspected a warehouse in which there was over $1 million worth of machine tools. Naturally, we are concerned, if possible, in getting them out of dead storage in Adak Island in the Aleutians and getting them into some spot where they can be used. So perhaps that list could be made available to all of these missions so they could screen it for any needs that they might have. Major General ARNOLD. The Turk has been procuring machine tools over a considerable period of time. He bought a lot of machine tools. I wish you could go through this engine factory out here. It is new, completely modern. Mr. BONNER. Will you shut the machine off? * Mr. BONNER. Are there any statements that your staff would like to make, General Arnold? * Mr. BONNER. Off the record, General. * Brigadier General ALEXANDER. Mr. BONNER. Does the Ambassador have any remarks? STATEMENT OF HON. GEORGE WADSWORTH, AMERICAN Ambassador WADSWORTH. * * * I have been here 3 years. I have heard a lot from both Turkish and American military experts on that particular question. If Turkey is attacked by Russia, obviously Turkey will be in the war. However, a world war could start without an initial attack on Turkey. In that event, Turkey will not be in the war initially unless and until Turkey is admitted to the Atlantic Pact. Under the pact it would assume commitments to perform certain functions in connection with tasks of common interest to the defense of the Atlantic Pact community, and the area of the Atlantic Pact community, which with Turkey's admission will include the area of Turkey. It is in that area that the American aid mission has been working in Turkey. Its primary objectives have been to increase the military potential of the Turkish armed forces; for the supply and equipment, and the training of the Turkish armed forces in the use of that equipment. Its armed forces are ready to fight Russia if Turkey is attacked, and the concept of how Turkey would fight Russia during these 42 years has been that, if Turkey were attacked, it would resist where it could, it would fall back where necessary under heavy pressure, * *. We were building military potential in Turkey to help Turkey defend herself * * *. You see that Turkey's role becomes different upon joining the pact-not just to defend itself or such part of itself as it would have the forces to defend, but to defend the of our Atlantic Pact community area. *. Therefore, to answer your question again in a different form, if Turkey is in the Atlantic Pact, and if a world war starts, Turkey will be an active belligerent as of the first day of the * * * Major General ARNOLD. Thank you very much, Mr. Ambassador. Mr. BONNER. Thank you, General Arnold. That will conclude our conference this morning. FEDERAL SUPPLY MANAGEMENT (Overseas Survey) TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1951 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS . OF THE COMMITTEE ON EXPENDITURES IN THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS, Ankara, Turkey. The subcommittee met Tuesday, November 13, 1951, with the ECA Mission to Turkey at Ankara, Turkey, Hon. Herbert C. Bonner, chairman of the subcommittee, presiding. Members of Congress present: Herbert C. Bonner, chairman; Harold Donohue, W. J. Bryan Dorn, Cecil M. Harden, Charles B. Brownson, Bill Lantaff, and George Meader. Staff representatives present: Christine Ray Davis, chief clerk; Thomas A. Kennedy, general counsel; Herbert Roback, staff member; Annabell Zue, minority clerk; Ray Ward, Bureau of the Budget; John Elliott, State Department escort officer; and Brig. Gen. Clarence C. Fenn, Department of the Army escort. Economic Cooperation Administration Mission to Turkey representatives present: Orren R. McJunkins, acting chief of mission; Henry W. Wiens, program review officer; Clifton H. Day, controller; Alonzo Taylor, industrial officer; Arthur V. Williamson, public roads; Hugh K. Richwine, agricultural officer; Lawrence J. Hall, information officer; John Habberton, special assistant to chief; Frederick G. Draper, technical assistant officer; Joseph Svoboda, trade specialist; and Luella Edridge, reporter. Mr. McJUNKINS. We are delighted to have you gentlemen with us. Mr. BONNER. Please state your name for the record. STATEMENT OF ORREN R. McJUNKINS, ACTING CHIEF OF MISSION, ECA MISSION TO TURKEY Mr. McJUNKINS. Orren R. McJunkins, Acting Chief of Mission, also Deputy Chief of Mission, ECA Mission to Turkey. We are glad to have you people with us and we will attempt, within the short amount of time allotted to us, to tell you what ECA is doing and what they intend to do in the future. I will start by introducing our group: Mr. Day, controller; Mr. Taylor, industry; Mr. Williamson, United States Bureau of Public Roads; Mr. Wiens, program review; NOTE. Asterisks denote classified material deleted for security reasons. |