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It should be observed, that the distances on the lakes are not measured; but simply estimated by the different pilots. Hence there is a disagreement in the various tables, to the extent of forty or fifty miles in a thousand. The above table may be relied on as about right.

Steamboats are usually about two days in going from Buffalo to Detroit, and five days from Buffalo to Chicago.

There is a class of steam-vessels on the lakes, called "propellers," which are found to be very desirable modes of conveyance for emigrants. They are large-sized schooners, with a small steam-engine in the after part of their hold, to use in head-winds and in calms, using their sails at other times. Their charges are somewhat less than those of the large steamers-say, a sixth less. Their speed bears about the same proportion to that of the steamers.

Sail vessels-schooners and brigs-of which there are great numbers, of the best description, take freight and passengers at about the following rates:-for cabin pas

sengers from Buffalo to Chicago, $10-steerage $3; freight and luggage 25 cents per 100 lbs.

steamers.

The prices we have given, both for steam and sailing. vessels, frequently vary, particularly those by the large The reader will be safe, however, in relying on our estimates; for if there be any change, it will be likely to be lower.

OSWEGO ROUTE.

TO OHIO, MICHIGAN, WISCONSIN, ILLINOIS, ETC., AND TO CANADA WEST.

This route is favorably spoken of by many who have tried it. Early in the spring, and late in the autumn, it is not a desirable route for passengers going west of Buffalo; as there is more lake navigation than by way of Buffalo.

Passengers bound to such portions of Canada West as lie upon and are near to Lake Ontario, will find this a good route. They can also go by the way of Rochester.

At Oswego, steamers will be found, plying daily to Rochester, Niagara, Lewiston, Toronto, Hamilton, Coburgh, Kingston, Sacket's Harbor, Brockville, Ogdensburgh, Prescott, and intermediate ports. The following are the present rates of

From Oswego to Kingston...

passage:

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100 lbs. of luggage to each passenger, free. Extra

luggage 25 cents per 100 lbs.

Emigrants will find at Oswego a weekly line of Propellers, bound for Milwaukie, Racine, Chicago, Detroit, and intermediate ports. These Propellers carry freight and passengers. They have commodious cabins, handsomely fitted up. The cabins are specially prepared for the accommodation of families; and their steerages will each furnish good berths for seventy-five passengers. The charges of these vessels are as follows:

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FROM OSWEGO TO MILWAUKIE, RACINE, SOUTHPORT, AND CHICAGO.

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The barrel bulk is estimated at seven cubic feet; three chairs called one barrel bulk; children between two and twelve years of age, half-price; under two vears of age, free; one half a barrel bulk of furniture or luggage is allowed each full passenger, free. No charge is made for the freight of the bedding used by the steerage or deck passengers on their passage. A cookingstove, not exposed to the weather, is provided for the accommodation of those who wish to board themselves. All luggage belonging to passengers consenting to have it carried on the promenade-deck, at their own risk, will be transported at 75 cents for each barrel bulk; and for that carried under deck, $1 for each barrel bulk.

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The rates of passage on the Ohio Canal, are about the same as on the Erie Canal; averaging for the steerage, about three-fourths of a cent a mile, without board.

CHAPTER XIII.

RAILROAD LINES LEAVING THE CITY OF NEW-YORK, WITH THEIR TIMES AND PLACES OF DEPARTURE.-Camden and Amboy Railroad Line for Philadelphia and intermediate places. New-York and Philadelphia Railroad Line. Paterson Railroad. New-York and Erie Railroad. STEAMBOAT LINES LEAVING THE CITY OF NEW-YORK.-Regular mail line for Stonington, Providence, and Boston. New-York and Boston Railroad Line, via Norwich, by Steamboat. Hartford Line. New Haven Line. New-York and Bridgeport Lines. Housatonic Railroad Line. DISTANCES.-Steamboat and Railroad Route from NewYork to Albany. Railroad Route from Albany to Boston. From Albany to Buffalo. From Albany to Saratoga Springs. Utica to Sacketts Harbor. Utica to Ogdensburgh. Utica to Binghamton. Oswego to Ogdensburgh. Oswego to Lewistown. Lewistown to Toronto. Lewistown to Hamilton. Plattsburgh to Ogdensburgh. Toronto to Kingston. Steamboats on Lake Champlain. Dis tances of the principal cities and towns in the United States from the city of New-York.

VARIOUS RAILROAD, STEAMBOAT, AND STAGE

ROUTES.

Railroad Lines leaving the City of New-York.

CAMDEN AND AMBOY RAILROAD LINE, FOR PHILADELPHIA AND INTERMEDIATE PLACES.

Passengers leave New-York daily, (Sundays excepted,) from Pier No. 2, near the foot of Battery-Place, at 5 1-2 o'clock A. M., going by Steamboat to South Amboy, 26 miles; from thence to Philadelphia by Railroad, 62 miles. Usual time 6 hours; fare through $3 00.

NEW-YORK AND PHILADELPHIA RAILROAD LINE, via New-Jersey Railroad, 30 miles; Trenton and New-Brunswick Railroad, 28 miles; Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad, 27 miles.

Passengers leave New-York daily, from the foot of Liberty-street, for Philadelphia and intermediate places. Distance through 86 miles. Usual time 5 1-2 hours; fare $4 00.

PATTERSON RAILROAD.

Passengers leave New-York from the foot of Cortlandt-street, for Patterson N. J. Distance 17 miles.

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