the Consul resides, shall be exempt from all Public Service, and also from all kind of Taxes, Imposts and Contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of Commerce, or their Property, to which the Citizens and Inhabitants, Native and Foreign, of the Country in which they reside, are subject, being in every thing besides subject to the Laws of the respective States. The Archives and Papers of the Consulate shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext whatever shall any Magistrate seize, or in any way interfere with them. XXXI. The said Cousuls shall have power to require the assistance of the Authorities of the Country, for the arrest detention, and custody of Deserters from the Public and Private Vessels of their Country, and for that purpose they shall address themselves to the Courts, Judges, and Officers competent, and shall demand the said Deserters in writing, proving by an exhibition of the Registers of the Vessel's or Ship's Roll, or other Public Documents, that those men were part of the said Crews; and, on this demand so proved, (saving however, where the contrary is proved,) the delivery shall not be refused. Such Deserters, when arrested, shall be put at the disposal of the said Consuls, and may be put in the Public Prisons, at the request and expense of those who reclaim them, to be sent to the Ships to which they belonged, or to others of the same Nation. But if they be not nos del Pais en que el Consul reside, estaràn esentos de todo servicio Publico, y tambien de toda especie de Pechos, Impuestos y Contribuciones, eceptuando aquellas que esten obligados á pagar por razon de Comercio, ó propiedad, y á las cuales estan sujetos los Ciudadanos, y Habitantes Naturales, y Estrangeros del Pais en que residen, quedando en todo lo demas, sujetos á las Leyes de los respectivos Estados. Los Archivos y Papeles de los Consulados seràn respetados inviolablemente, y bajo ningun pretesto los occuparà Magistrado alguno, ni tendrà en ellos ninguna intervencion. XXXI. Los dichos Consules tendrán podér de requerir el auxilio de las Autoridades locales, para la prision, detencion y custodia de los Desertores de Buques Publicos y Particulares de su Pais, y para este objeto se dirigiràn à los Tribunales, Jueces, y Oficiales competentes, y pedirán los dichos Desertores por escrito, probando por una presentacion de los Registros de los Buques Rol del Equipage ù otros Documentos Publicos, que aquellos hombres eran parte de las dichas Tripulaciones, y á esta demanda asi probada (menos no obstante cuando se probare lo contrario) ne se reusará la entrega. Semejantes Desertores luego que sean arrestados, se pondràn ó disposicion de los dichos Consules, y pueden ser depositados en las Prisiones Publicas, á solicitud y espensas de los que los reclamen, para ser enviados á los Buques á que corresponden ó à otros de la misma Nacion. Pero si no sent back within two months, to be counted from the day of their arrest, they shall be set at liberty, and shall be no more arrested for the same cause. XXXII. For the purpose of more effectually protecting their Commerce and Navigation, the two Contracting Parties do hereby agree, as soon hereafter as circumstances will permit them, to form a Consular Convention, which shall declare specially the powers and immunities of the Consuls and Vice Consuls of the respective Parties. XXXIII. The United States of America and the Federation of the Centre of America, desiring to make as durable as circumstances will permit, the relations which are to be established between the two Parties by virtue of this Treaty, or General Convention of Peace, Amity, Commerce, and Navigation, have declared solemnly, and do agree to the following Points: 1st. The present Treaty shall remain in full force and virtue for the Term of 12 years, to be counted from the day of the excharge of the Ratifications, in all the parts relating to Commerce and Navigation; and in all those parts which relate to Peace and Friendship, it shall be permanently and perpetually binding on both Powers. 2dly. If any one or more of the Citizens of either Party shall infringe any of the Articles of this Treaty, such Citizens shall be held personally responsible for the same, and the harmony and good fueren mandados dentro de dos meses contados des de el dia de su arresto, serán puestos en libertad, y no volveràn á ser presos por la misma causa. XXXII. Para protegér mas efectivamente su comercio y navegacion, las dos Partes Contratantes se convienen en formar luego que las circunstancias lo permitan, una Convencion Consulàr, que declare mas especialmente los poderes é inmunidades de los Consules y Vice Consules de las Partes respectivas. XXXIII. La Federacion de Centro-America, y los EstadosUnidos de America, deseando hacer tan duraderas y firmes, como las circunstancias lo permitan, las relaciones que han de establecerse entre las dos Potencias, en virtud del presente Convencio ó Tratado General de Paz, Amistad, Navegacion, y Comercio, han declarado solennemente y convienen en los puntos siguientes:- 1°. El presente Tratado permanecerà en su fuerza y vigor porel termino de 12 años, contados desde el dia del cange de las Ratificaciones, en todos los puntos concernientes á Comercio y Navegacion, y en todos los demas puntos que se refieren á Paz y amistad, serà permanente, y perpetuamente obligatorio para ambas Potencias. 2o. Si alguno, ó algunos de los Ciudadanos de una ù otra Parte infringiesen alguno de los Articulos contenidos en el presente Tratado, dichos Ciudadanos seràn personalmente responsables, sin que correspondence between the two Nations shall not be interrupted thereby, each Party engaging in no way to protect the Offender, or sanction such violation. 3dly. If (which, indeed, cannot be expected) unfortunately, any of the Articles contained in the present Treaty shall be violated or infringed in any other way whatever, it is expressly stipulated, that neither of the Contraeting Parties will order or authorize any acts of reprisal, nor declare war against the other on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said Party, considering itself offended, shall first have presented to the other a statement of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proof, and demanded justice and satisfaction, and the same shall have been either refused or unreasonably delayed. 4thly. Nothing in this Treaty contained shall, however, be construed or operate contrary to former and existing Public Treaties with other Sovereigns or States. The present Treaty of Peace, Amity, Commerce, and Navigation shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the Government of the Federation of the Centre of America, and the Ratifications shall be exchanged in the City of Guatemala, within 8 months from the date of the signature hereof, or sooner if possible. por esto se interrumpa la harmonia y buena correspondencia entre las dos Naciones, comprometiendose cada una á no protegér de modo alguno al Ofensor ó sancionàr semejante violacion. 3°. Si (lo que á la verdad no puede esperarse) desgraciadamente, alguno de los Articulos contenidos en el presente Tratado, fuesen en alguna otra manera violados, ó infringidos, se estipula espresamente que ninguna de las dos Partes Contratantes, ordenará, ó autorizarà ningunos actos de represalia, ni declarará la guerra contra la otra por quejas de injurias, ó daños, hasta que la Parte que se crea ofendida, haya antes presantado á la otra una esposicion de aquellas injurias, ó daños,, verificada con pruebas y testimonios competentes, exigiendo justicia y ratisfaccion, y esto haya sido negado, ó diferido sin razon. 4°. Nada de cuanto se contiene en el presente Tratado, se construirá sin embargo, ni obrarà, en contra de otros Tratados Publicos anteriores, y existentes con otros Soberanos ó Estados. El presente Tratado de Paz, Amistad, Comercia, y Navegacion será ratificado por el Gobierno de la Federacion de Centro-America, y por el Presidente de los Estados Unidos de America, con consejo, y consentimiento del Senado de los mismos; y las Ratificaciones serán cangeadas en la Ciudad de Guatemala, dentro de 8 meses contados desde este dia, ó antes si fuese posible. And whereas the said Convention has been duly ratified on both parts, and the respective Ratifications of the same were exchanged at Guatemala, on the 2nd day of August, 1826, by John Williams, Chargé d'Affaires of The United States, near the Government of the Federation of the Centre of America, and Pedro Gonzalez, Chief Officer of the Department of State, Despatch, War, and Marine, Secretary of Legation of the Republic of Central America, near the Governments of South America, on the part of their respective Governments. Now, therefore, be it known that I, John Quincy Adams, President of The United States, have caused the said Convention to be made Public, to the end that the same, and every Clause and Article thereof, may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by The United States and the Citizens thereof. In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand, and caused the Seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the City of Washington, this 28th day of October, in the year of our Lord, 1826, and of the Independence of The United States the 51st. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS. (L.S.) By the President: H. CLAY, Secretary of State. DECLARATION of Independence of the Provinces of Upper Peru, 6th August, 1825. (Translation.) THE Lion of Iberia, "springing furiously from the Columns of Hercules to the Empires of Montezuma and Atagualpa, has for many centuries torn to pieces the unfortunate body of America, and fed upon its vitals. All the States of the Continent can exhibit their deep wounds to the world to prove the laceration they have suffered. Upper Peru has felt them the most severely, and the blood which she has shed up to the present time affords the most convincing proof of the ferocity of that monster. During 16 years that America has been the theatre of war, throughout its whole extent the cries of liberty, repeated by its Sons, have re-echoed amongst them, without leaving a corner, in any part of its surface, where this sacred name has not been the delight of the American, and the torment of the Spaniard. In the course of this protracted struggle the Nations of the World have received different accounts of the justice and legality of the grounds upon which all the regions of America have had recourse for their safety to this sacred insurrection. Now that the Liberators of Junin and Ayacucho have purged the Earth of the race of Despots; and that the great Nations have at length acknowledged the Independence of Mexico, Colombia, and Buenos Ayres, whose complaints and grievances were not greater than those of Upper Peru, it would be superfluous to present a new justificatory Manifesto of the Resolution which we have taken. The World knows that, on the Continent of America, Upper Peru was the altar upon which the first blood of Freemen was spilt, and is the Land wherein the tomb of the last of the Tyrants is laid; that Charcos, Potosi, Cochabamba, La Paz, and Santa Cruz, have made constant efforts to shake off the Peninsular yoke, and that its unchangeable hostility to Spanish dominion, and its heroic opposition, have a thousand times arrested the impetuous assaults of the Enemy in Regions which would otherwise have been enchained, or could only have saved themselves by a last and most prodigious struggle. The World also knows that, placed in the centre of the Continent, destitute of Arms, and of every description of the elements of war, without the means possessed by other States of obtaining them from Nations beyond the seas, the Upper Peruvians have beaten down the standard of the Despots in Aroma and Florida, in Chiquitos, Tarabuco, Sinti, in the Vallies of Sicasica, Ayopaya, Tumusla, and in various other places. The barbarous conflagration of upwards of 100 Towns, the pillage of Cities, the hundreds of scaffolds raised for the sacrifice of Freemen, the blood of thousands of Martyrs to the Country, shed with such atrocious barbarity that would make even the Caribs shudder; the imposts, contributions, and arbitrary and inhuman exactions, the |