UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION Second General Conference United Nations Industrial Development Organization Lima, Peru, 12-26 March 1975 LIMA DECLARATION AND PLAN OF ACTION INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT *Adopted by the Second General Conference at its final plenary meeting (161) LIMA DECLARATION AND PLAN OF ACTION ON INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND CO-OPERATION 1. A. DECLARATION The Second General Conference of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, convened by General Assembly resolution 3087 (XXVIII) of 6 December 1973, entrusted with establishing the main principles of industrialization and defining the means by which the international community as a whole might take action of a broad nature in the field of industrial development within the framework of new forms of international co-operation, with a view to the establishment of a new international economic order, adopts the LIMA DECLARATION ON INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AND CO-OPERATION 2. Having examined the situation with respect to industrialization in the developing countries during the past decade, 3. (a) Recalling General Assembly resolution 3176 (XXVIII), of 17 December 1973, which judged that in terms of international action the cause of development has lost momentum since 1970; (b) Recalling General Assembly resolutions 2952 (XXVII), of 11 December 1972, and 3087 (XXVIII), of 6 December 1973; 4. Bearing in mind resolutions 3201 (S-VI) and 3202 (S-VI), of 1 May 1974, adopted at the sixth special session of the General Assembly on the Declaration and Programme of Action on the Establishment of a New International Economic Order, according to which every effort should be made by the international community to take measures to encourage the industrialization of the developing countries with a view to increasing their share in world industrial production, as envisaged in the International Development Strategy, 5. Recognizing the urgent need to bring about the establishment of a new international economic order based on equity, sovereign equality, interdependence and co-operation, as has been expressed in the Declaration 1 and Programme of Action on the Establishment of a New International Economic Order, in order to transform the present structure of economic relations, 6. Noting resolution 62 (III) of 19 May 1972, adopted by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development at its third session, concerning measures in aid of the least developed countries, and resolution 1797 (LV) of 11 July 1973 (aid to the Sudano-Sahelian populations threatened with famine), on assistance to the drought-stricken areas of Africa, adopted by the Economic and Social Council at its fifty-fifth session, 7. Recalling the Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States adopted at the twenty-ninth session of the General Assembly as an instrument designed to bring about new international economic relations and to contribute to the establishment of a new international economic order, 8. Convinced that peace and justice encompass an economic dimension helping the solution of the world economic problems, the liquidation of under-development, offering a lasting and definitive solution to the industrialization problem for all peoples and guaranteeing to all countries the right to implement freely and effectively their development programmes. To this effect, it is necessary to eliminate threats and resort to force and to promote peaceful co-operation between States to the fullest extent possible, to apply the principles of non-interference in each others' internal affairs, full equality of rights, respect of national independence and sovereignty as well as to encourage the peaceful co-operation between all States, irrespective of their political, social and economic systems. The further improvement of international relations will create better conditions for international co-operation in all fields which should make possible large financial and material resources to be used, inter alia, for developing of industrial production, 9. Considering further that the remaining vestiges of alien and colonial domination, foreign occupation, racial discrimination, and the practice of apartheid, and neo-colonialism in all its forms continue to be among the greatest obstacles to the full emancipation and progress of the developing countries and their populations, 10. Bearing in mind that the situation in the developing countries has become aggravated by the persistent and marked tensions to which the present international economic situation is subjected and that to these must be added as well as the unacceptable practices of those transnational corporations that infringe the principle of sovereignty of developing countries, the effects of the inflationary increase in the import costs of developing countries, the pressures exerted upon their balance of payments particularly by such factors as heavy foreign debt servicing, the aggravation of the international monetary crisis, and the transfers resulting from private investment and that this situation is not conducive to the spirit of the new international economic order, 11. Recognizing that problems of industrial development in developing countries at their present stage of development do not lie entirely in those countries but also arise from the policies of most of the developed countries, and that without meaningful changes in the economic policies of the developed countries, the achievement of the objectives of a new international order would be in serious jeopardy, 12. Recognizing that the developing countries constitute 70 per cent of the world population and generate less than 7 per cent of industrial production, that the gap between the developed and developing countries has been widened owing, inter alia, to the persistence of obstacles in the way of the establishment of a new international economic order based on equity and justice, 13. Taking into account the fact that industrial progress has not displayed significant advances in the developing countries as a whole, in spite of serious efforts on their part, and that, in many cases, the dependence of their economies on the export of primary goods and the measures taken in the majority of the developed countries have not made it possible to achieve a profound dynamic effect which would be capable of transforming internal socio-economic structures and laying the basis for real development, 14. Bearing in mind that any real process of industrialization worthy of the name must conform to the broad objectives of self-sustaining and integrated socio-economic development and that all countries have the sovereign right to make the necessary changes to ensure the just and effective participation of their peoples in industry and share in the benefits deriving therefrom, 15. Noting with anxiety that the present international crisis has aggravated the industrialization problems of the developing countries, resulting, inter alia, in the under-utilization of resources, constraints in the planning and execution of industrial projects and increasing costs of industrial inputs, equipment and freight charges, 16. Aware that some of the obstacles which are inhibiting industrial expansion in the developing countries are of an internal structural nature, and that there also continue to exist numerous impediments arising from colonial and neo-colonial policies or new forms of dependency, 17. Considering the present general trend of industrialized countries to reduce the technical and financial assistance needed to promote the economic and social development of developing countries in general and their industrial development in particular, as well as the unsatisfactory terms of the assistance given, 18. Considering also that development assistance is a legitimate need and that neither in its present volume nor form is it sufficient, particularly taking into account the worsening of the terms of trade of the developing countries and the drainage of their resources, |