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CHARLES A. WICKLIFFE, of Kentucky. Nomination confirmed and appointed 13th September, 1841. Resigned.

CAVE JOHNSON, of Tennessee. Nomination confirmed and appointed 5th March, 1845.

[Continued on page 404.]

ATTORNEY GENERALS.

EDMUND RANDOLPH, of Virginia. Nomination confirmed and appointed 26th September, 1789. Appointed Secretary of State 2d January, 1794.

WILLIAM BRADFORD, of Pennsylvania. Nomination confirmed 27th January, and appointed 28th January, 1794. Died. CHARLES LEE, of Virginia. Nomination confirmed and appointed 10th December, 1795. Appointed (ex officio) Commissioner to adjust claims of Georgia, 12th February, 1800. Appointed Chief Judge of the Fourth Circuit, &c., 20th February, 1801. THEOPHILUS PARSONS, of Massachusetts. Nomination confirmed and appointed 20th February, 1801. Declined the appoint

ment.

LEVI LINCOLN, of Massachusetts. Nomination confirmed and appointed 5th March, 1801. Resigned in 1805.

ROBERT SMITH, of Maryland. Nomination confirmed and appointed 2d March, 1805.

JOHN BRECKENRIDGE, of Kentucky. Nomination confirmed and appointed 23d December, 1805.

CÆSAR A. RODNEY, of Pennsylvania. Nomination confirmed and appointed 20th January, 1807. Resigned.

WILLIAM PINKNEY, of Maryland. Nomination confirmed and appointed 11th December, 1811.

RICHARD RUSH, of Pennsylvania. Nomination confirmed and appointed 10th February, 1814.

WILLIAM WIRT, of Virginia. Appointed 13th November, 1817, in recess of the Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed 15th December, 1817.

JOHN MACPHERSON BERRIEN, of Georgia. Nomination confirmed and appointed 9th March, 1829. Resigned.

ROGER BROOKE TANEY, of Maryland. Appointed 20th July, 1831, in the recess of the Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed 27th December, 1831.

BENJAMIN F. BUTLER, of New York. Appointed 15th November, 1833, in the recess of the Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed 24th June, 1834. Resigned.

FELIX GRUNDY, of Tennessee. Nomination confirmed and appointed 7th July, 1838, to take effect 1st September, 1838, when resignation of B. F. Butler took effect. Resigned.

HENRY D. GILPIN, of Pennsylvania. Nomination confirmed and appointed 10th January, 1840.

JOHN J. CRITTENDEN, of Kentucky. Nomination confirmed and appointed 5th March, 1841. Resigned.

HUGH S. LEGARE, of South Carolina. Nomination confirmed and appointed 13th September, 1841. Died.

JOHN NELSON, of Maryland. Appointed 1st July, 1843, in the recess of the Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed 2d January, 1844. Resigned.

JOHN Y. MASON, of Virginia. Nomination confirmed and appointed 5th March, 1845. Resigned. Appointed Secretary of the Navy 9th September, 1846.

NATHAN CLIFFORD, of Maine. Appointed 17th October, 1846, in the recess of the Senate. Nomination confirmed and appointed 23d December, 1846.

[Continued on page 404.]

SECRETARIES OF STATE.

JOHN M. CLAYTON, of Delaware. Nomination confirmed and appointed 7th March, 1849. Resigned.

DANIEL WEBSTER, of Massachusetts. Nomination confirmed and appointed 20th July, 1850.

SECRETARIES OF THE TREASURY.

WILLIAM MORRIS MEREDITH, of Pennsylvania. Nomination confirmed and appointed 7th March, 1849. Resigned.

THOMAS CORWIN, of Ohio. Nomination confirmed and appointed 20th July, 1850.

SECRETARIES OF THE INTERIOR.

THOMAS EWING, of Ohio. Nominated and confirmed 7th March, 1849.
Resigned.

JAMES A. PEARCE, of Maryland. Nomination confirmed and appointed
20th July, 1850. Declined accepting.

THOMAS M. T. MCKENNAN, of Pennsylvania. Nomination confirmed and appointed 15th August, 1850. Resigned.

ALEXANDER H. H. STUART, of Virginia. Nomination confirmed and appointed 12th September, 1850.

SECRETARIES OF WAR.

GEORGE W. CRAWFORD, of Georgia. Nomination confirmed and appointed 7th March, 1849. Resigned.

EDWARD BATES, of Missouri. Nomination confirmed and appointed 20th July, 1850. Declined accepting.

CHARLES M. CONRAD, of Louisiana. Nomination confirmed and appointed 15th August, 1850.

SECRETARIES OF THE NAVY.

WILLIAM BALLARD PRESTON, of Virginia. Nomination confirmed 7th March, 1849. Resigned.

WILLIAM A. GRAHAM, of North Carolina. Nomination confirmed and appointed 20th July, 1850.

ATTORNEY GENERALS.

REVERDY JOHNSON, of Maryland. Nominated and confirmed 7th
March, 1849. Resigned.

JOHN J. CRITTENDEN, of Kentucky. Nomination confirmed and ap-
pointed 20th July, 1850.

POSTMASTER GENERALS.

JACOB COLLAMER, of Vermont. Nominated and confirmed 7th March, 1849. Resigned.

NATHAN K. HALL, of New York. Nomination confirmed and appointed 20th July, 1850.

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CHAPTER 10.

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.

CHRONOLOGICAL statement of the formation of the governments of the several STATES; of their becoming members of the Union by their adoption or ratification of the Constitution of the United States, or by their admission as States since the establishment of the Constitution; with a particular account of the progress of each of the latter, either from the condition of territorial dependencies, or independent governments, to the rank of STATES.

MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1774.

A number of Delegates, chosen and appointed by the several Colonies and Provinces in North America, met to hold a Congress at Philadelphia, and assembled in Carpenter's Hall.

TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1774.

Resolved, That in determining questions in this Congress, each Colony or Province shall have one vote-The Congress not being possessed of, or at present able to procure proper materials for ascertaining the importance of each Colony.

[This principle was confirmed by the Articles of Confederation which declared that, " In determining questions in the United States, in Congress assembled, each State shall have one vote." And they further declared that certain enumerated powers should never be determined by Congress, "unless nine States assent to the same: nor shall a question on any other point, except for adjourning from day to day, be determined, unless by the votes of a majority of the United States in Congress assembled."-These extracts show the relative authority or importance of the several States in the exercise of the sovereign power under the Confederation.]

TUESDAY, JULY 2, 1776.

Resolved, That these United Colonies are, and, of right, ought to be, Free and Independent States; that

they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all political connexion between them, and the State of Great Britain, is, and ought to be, totally dissolved.

THURSDAY, JULY 4, 1776.

The Congress agreed to A DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE BY THE REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED, to be signed by the members from the several States, which will be found in this volume.

MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1776.

Resolved, That in all continental commissions, and other instruments, where, heretofore, the words "Unted Colonies" have been used, the style be altered, for the future, to the UNITED States.

SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1777.

The Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union of the United States of America were agreed to by the Delegates of the thirteen original States in Congress assembled, subject to the ratification of the Legislatures of the several States.

These articles were ratified by 8 States on the 9th July, 1778.

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The ratification was therefore completed on the 1st March, 1781,* the articles being dated the 9th July, 1778, and this completed the bond of union of the thirteen original States, whose delegates assembled in Congress continued to legislate and execute the powers of the United States under the Articles of Confederation until the 4th March, 1789, when, by their resolution of the 13th September, 1788, the Constitution of the United States, also adopted and ratified by the people of the said original States, went into operation,

*Vide the notes under "Ohio" for the cause of the delay on the part of Maryland to ratify the Articles of Confederation until March 1, 1781.

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