Factors affecting imports of United States fruits and fruit products in specific countries, 1956 See footnotes at end of table. Factors affecting imports of United States fruits and fruit products in specific countries, 1956-Continued Pacific: NOTES 1+ denotes excess of United States exports. - denotes excess of United States imports. 31. Liberalized; no restriction. 2. Rigidly controlled; practical prohibition. 3. Li- A. To protect domestic or colonial industries. B. To preserve currency. C. To 5 Lemons liberalized. 11 Temporary additional import tax to improve current adverse balance of trade. 12 Grapefruit liberalized. 13 Free dollar tenders for oranges in May 1956. 14 Pineapple and peaches liberalized as of Oct. 1, 1956. 15 Fresh and dried low, other high. 16 Purees and baby foods only. STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, 16 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES The lists, which have been prepared by the European Analysis Branch on the basis of information available as of August 15, 1956, show quantitative import restrictions on commodities important in United States agricultural exports to the different European countries, or important both as agricultural import items in the countries concerned and as agricultural export items in the United States. Also shown are the principal commodities of interest to United States agriculture, whose importation from the United States has been "liberalized," that is, freed from quantitative restrictions. It should be further noted that the term "state monopoly control" as used here covers what, so far as quantitative import restrictions are concerned, amounts to state trading in that the government participates in the management of the trade, rather than exercising control simply by giving or refusing individual importers permission to import, or by granting or withholding the necessary foreign exchange. This government participation may be effected through stateowned monopolies, private monopolies under government supervision, semigovernmental agencies, groups of private traders that act for the government, or other mechanisms. AUSTRIA: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 State monopoly control, and license and exchange controls: Wheat, corn, hogfat (including lard), and tobacco License and exchange controls: Oranges, grapefruit, apples, pears, and dried fruit Liberalized; that is, no quantitative restrictions: Vegetable oils, lemons, pineapples, canned fruit juice, and certain canned fruit BELGIUM: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 License and exchange controls: Wheat and wheat flour, apples, pears, butter, evaporated milk, eggs, meat (salted, dried, or smoked), and lard Liberalized; that is, no quantitative restrictions: Cotton, tobacco, corn and surghum, barley and oats, pulses, oilseeds, prunes and raisins, oranges and lemons, canned fruits, nuts, figs, flour and groats (except of wheat and rye). tallow, condensed milk, milk powder, poultry, and honey DENMARK: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 License and exchange controls: Wheat, corn, canned fruit, dried fruit,' citrus fruits, apples, and pears Liberalized, that is, no quantitative restrictions: Cotton, tobacco, oilseeds, rice, hops, pulses, various seeds, feedstuffs (oilcake, bran, etc.), undressed hides and skins, and casings 1 Except for these items listed, there are no United States agricultural products of significance on the dollar-liberalization list. 2 Olive oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil. Not condensed, unsweetened (grapefruit and pineapple juices and mixtures). 4 Pineapples, guavas, grapefruit, and peaches. Liberalized items include some other United States agricultural products of lesser importance than those listed. For many nonliberalized commodities licenses are granted freely. Danish importers will during the period August 1, 1956-July 31, 1957, be permitted imports of wheat for food purposes from the United States and Canada against payment in dollars in an amount corresponding to the Danish quota under International Wheat Agreement. For raisins licenses are granted freely. Liberalized items include some other United States agricultural products of lesser importance than those listed here. FINLAND: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 State monopoly control and license and exchange controls: Wheat and rye License and exchange controls: Corn, cotton, tobacco, dried fruit, canned fruit, lard, and tallow NOTE. All dollar agricultural products are subject to quantitative import restrictions. FRANCE STATUS OF QUANTITAVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 State monopoly control, and license and exchange controls: Tobacco, wheat, corn, sorghum, edible fluid oils, and oilseeds yielding edible fluid oils License and exchange controls: Cotton, citrus fruit, dried fruit, nuts, apples, and pears NOTE. The only United States agricultural export items liberalized (i. e., not subject to quantitative restrictions) are cotton linters and ramie. WEST GERMANY: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 State monopoly control, and license and exchange controls: Wheat, corn and sorghum, lard,' butter, and meat License and exchange controls: Vegetable oils, edible; vegetable oils, not raw, for technical use (inedible); citrus fruit,' dried prunes and raisins ** and fresh apples and pears Liberalized, that is, no quantitative restrictions: Cotton, tobacco, oilseeds, vegetable oils, raw for technical use (inedible), hogfat and tallow for technical use, canned grapefruit, dried apples and pears, tomato juice and powder, and eggs without shells, and egg yolks: liquid, frozen, or dried GREECE: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 State monopoly control: Wheat Liberalized, that is, no quantitive restrictions: Oilseeds, vegetable oils, meats, dairy products, and cotton NOTE. Except for wheat and flour, there are no quantitative restrictions on dollar imports of agricultural products, though applications for dollar exchange must be approved by the authorities who determine whether imports will be financed by United States procurement authorizations or by the dollar resources of the Bank of Greece. IRELAND: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 State monopoly control, and license and exchange controls: Wheat, corn, sorghum, and butter License and exchange controls: Tobacco, apples, soybeans, flaxseed, and cheese Exchange control: Cotton NOTE. All dollar agricultural products are subject to exchange control, but currently dollars are being made available automatically. However, the importation of many agricultural items remains prohibited except under license granted by the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Industry and Commerce (wheat flour and other wheat products), or the Revenue Commissioners (tobacco). 1 After this list was completed, information was received that imports of fatback will be permitted under open tender, against free dollars, from August 18, 1956, to March 31, 1957, and that all dried fruit except raisins and currans, all tree nuts, and fruit pulp, frozen in brine or water, have been liberalized. 2 Except canned grapefruit. However, open-tender announcements, published February 28, 1956, and subsequently amended, permit the import of fresh citrus fruit, juices, and some concentrates, against free dollars, until December 15, 1956, unless an unpublished total value limitation is reached prior to that date. 3 Imports of all dried fruits and nuts permitted under open tender, against free dollars, from September 1955 through December 1956. In addition to these items listed the dollar liberalization list contains a few other products of some actual or potential interest to United States agriculture, such as: alsike clover and red top grass seeds; almonds; figs; dates; olives; fruit preparations in barrels with sugar or alcohol; poultry fat; and poultry liver. ITALY: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 State monopoly control, and license and exchange controls: Wheat and tobacco License and exchange controls: Cotton, corn, vegetable oils, oilseeds, and dried prunes Liberalized, that is, no quantitive restrictions:1 Inedible tallow; cotton linters; hides and skins; oilcake and meal; and fats from bones, kitchen and slaughterhouse residues THE NETHERLANDS: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 License and exchange controls: Wheat and wheat flour, apples, pears, oranges, lemons and other citrus fruit, prunes, raisins, pulses, and lard Liberalized, that is no quantitative restrictions: Cotton, tobacco, corn and sorghum, rye, barley, and oats, flour and groats, except of wheat and rice, oilseeds, raw vegetable oils, canned fruits, nuts and figs, canned vegetables, except tomatoes, frozen beef and mutton, poultry, and honey NORWAY: STtatus of quANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, August 1, 1956 State monopoly control, and license and exchange controls: Wheat and corn License and exchange controls: Deciduous fruits and oranges 8 Liberalized, that is, no quantitative restrictions: Cotton, tobacco, oilseeds, lemons, grapefruit, raisins, prunes, hops, hides and skins, tallow, and casings PORTUGAL: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES State monopoly control: Wheat and tobacco 4 SPAIN: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 State monopoly control and license and exchange controls: Cotton, wheat, tobacco, vegetable oils, and oilseeds NOTE. All dollar agricultural products are subject to quantitative import restrictions. SWEDEN: STATUS OF QUANTITATIVE IMPORT CONTROL OVER SELECTED UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS, AUGUST 1, 1956 State monopoly control: Tobacco License and exchange controls: Wheat and flour, corn and other grains (except rice), soybeans, soybean oil, and apples and pears Transit dollar list: Deciduous fruit except apples and pears and citrus fruit 1 These items are the only important United States agricultural export products on the dollar liberalization list. These items include some other United States agricultural products of lesser importance than those listed. For many nonliberalized commodities licenses are granted freely. Except for these items there are no United States agricultural products of significance on the dollar liberalization list. Except for these items listed, no dollar agricultural products of significance are on the dollar liberalization list. Though wheat and tobacco appear on the list, this is meaningless because of the existence of monopoly control over imports. Except unsweetened fruit. For products on the "transit dollar list" licenses are granted freely if payment is made in "transit dollars" on which a premium of a few percent is paid, or, if procured in nondollar countries, payment is made in the currency stipulated in Sweden's trade agreement with that country. |