MAY 7, 1915-LUSITANIA TORPEDOED.

(Immense excitement followed. Demands for war at once were loud and insistent.)

MAY 10, 1915—PRESIDENT WILSON ADDRESSES A GROUP OF NEWLY NATURALIZED CITIZENS AT PHILADELPHIA.

(This speech contained a phrase which provoked much scorn.) There is such a thing as a man being too proud to fight. There is such a thing as a nation being so right that it does not need to convince others by force that it is right.

MAY 13, 1915-PRESIDENT WILSON SENDS FIRST LUSITANIA NOTE.

it (the United States) must hold the Imperial German Government to a strict accountability.

FIRST LUSITANIA NOTE.

MAY 23, 1915-ITALY GOES TO WAR.

JULY 9, 1915-PRESIDENT WILSON SENDS A SECOND NOTE ON THE LUSITANIA CASE.

(Germany's reply set up the defense that the Lusitania had been armed. The second note placed the issue on broader grounds.) The Government of the United States is contending for the rights of humanity, which every Government honors itself in respecting.

JULY 21, 1915-President WilSON DISPATCHES ANOTHER NOTE TO GERMANY.

(The President's third note obtained a promise from Germany to sink no more ships without warning.)

Friendship itself prompts it to say to the Imperial Government that repetition by the commanders of German naval vessels of acts of contravention of those rights must be regarded by the Government of the United States, when they affect American citizens, as deliberately unfriendly.

AUGUST 4, 1915-Germans, CONTINUALLY VICTORIOUS IN THE EAST, OCCUPY WARSAW.

AUGUST 6, 1915-BRITISH LAND AT GALLIPOLI.

SEPTEMBER 8, 1915-RUSSIANS STOP GERMANS.

SEPTEMBER 20, 1915-TEUTONS TURN ON SERBIA.

SEPTEMBER 25-30, 1915-Battle of CHAMPAGNE.

OCTOBER 9-10, 1915-AUSTRO-GERMANS CAPTURE Belgrade.

OCTOBER 11, 1915-PRESIDENT WILSON ADDRESSES THE DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, AT WASHINGTON. (The President again expounded the doctrine of American neutrality. There was a growing tendency to defer to his patience and trust to his judgment.)

We stand apart, unembroiled, conscious of our own principles, conscious of what we hope and purpose.

Neu

trality is a negative word. It is a word that does not express what America ought to feel. We are not trying to keep out of trouble; we are trying to preserve the foundations upon which peace can be rebuilt.

OCTOBER 12, 1915-EDITH CAVELL, AN ENGLISH NURSE, EXECUTED AS A SPY BY THE GERMANS AT BRUSSELS.

NOVEMBER, 1915-ANOTHER WINTER IN THE TRENCHES CERTAIN.

NOVEMBER 7, 1915-ITALIAN LINER ANCONA SUNK.

PREPAREDNESS

NOVEMBER 11, 1915-PREsident Wilson ADDRESSES THE MANHATTAN CLUB, NEW YORK CITY.

(President Wilson was awakening to the deeper meanings of the World War. This address contains his first public utterance upon the subject of preparedness.)

we believe, we passionately believe, in the right of every people to choose their own allegiance and be free of masters altogether.

The mission of America in the world is essentially a mission of peace and good will among men.

Within a year we have witnessed what we did not believe possible, a great European conflict involving many of the greatest

nations of the world. The influences of a great war are everyvhere in the air.

No thoughtful man feels any panic haste in this matter. The intry is not threatened from any quarter.

Speak in terms of deepest solemnity of the urgency anu necessity of preparing ourselves.

DECEMBER 7, 1915-CONGRESS CONVENES.

(President Wilson went before Congress and asked for the greatest navy in the world, and laid down plans for a citizen army.) Since I last had the privilege of addressing you on the state of the Union the war of nations on the other side of the sea has extended its threatening and sinister scope until it has swept within its flame some portion of every quarter of the globe, not excepting our own hemisphere.

We have stood apart, studiously neutral it was necessary, if a universal catastrophe was to be avoided, that a limit should be set to the sweep of destructive war and that some part of the great family of nations should keep the processes of peace alive.

But we do believe in a body of free citizens ready and sufficient to take care of themselves and of the governments which they have set up to serve them.

DECEMBER 30, 1915-LINER PERSIA TORPEDOED IN THE MEDI

TERRANIAN.

JANUARY 1, 1916-ALLIES ARE UNABLE TO PROGRESS AGAINST THE CENTRAL POWERS. THE WESTERN FRONT IS A DEADLOCK. RUSSIA IS HELD FIRM. AUSTRO-GERMANS ARE OVERRUNNING SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO. THE COSTLY FAILURE AT GALLIPOLI IS BECOMING APPARENT. SUBMARINES ARE VERY DESTRUCTIVE. A DARK DAY FOR FREE MEN.

JANUARY 9, 1916-BRITISH EVACUATE GALLIPOLI PENINSULA. JANUARY 13, 1916-CapitAL OF MONTENEGRO CAPTURED. JANUARY 23, 1916-Capital OF ALBANIA CAPTURED.

JANUARY 27 - FEBRUARY 3, 1916-PREPAREDNESS SPEECHES. (Six weeks after his preparedness appeal to Congress, President Wilson made a tour of the Middle West to line up the

country for preparedness. Extracts from these speeches show a growing comprehension of the German threat.)

If there is one passion more deep-seated in the hearts of our fellow countrymen than another, it is the passion for peace.

But, gentlemen, there is something that the American people love better than they love peace. They are ready at any time to fight for the vindication of their character and of their honor. We cannot surrender our convictions.

We live in a world which we did not make, which we cannot alter, which we cannot think into a different condition from that which actually exists.

more than a year ago

I said that this ques

tion of military preparedness was not a pressing question. But more than a year has gone by since then and I would be ashamed if I had not learned something in fourteen months. The minute I stop changing my mind with the change of all the circumstances of the world, I will be a back number.

I cannot tell you what the international relations of this country will be tomorrow, and I use the word literally.

(NEW YORK CITY.)

The world is on fire, and there is tinder everywhere.

It amazes me to hear men speak as if America stood alone in the world and could follow her own life as she pleased. We are in the midst of a world that we did not make and cannot alter; I must tell you that the dangers are infinite and constant. new circumstances have arisen which make it absolutely necessary that this country should prepare herself.

(PITTSBURG, Pa.)

let me tell you very solemnly you cannot afford to postpone this thing. I do not know what a single day may bring forth.

no man in the United States knows what a single week or a single day or a single hour may bring forth.

(Cleveland, OHIO)

there may at any moment come a time when I cannot preserve both the honor and the peace of the United States. (MILWAUKEE, WIS.)

My fellow citizens, you may be called upon any day to stand behind me to maintain the honor of the United States.

There may come a time-I pray it may, in spite of everything we do, a sudden-when I shall have to ask: stands back of me?"

(DES MOINES, IA.) God it may never come, but come upon us, and come of "I have had my say; who (KANSAS CITY, Mo.)

FEBRUARY 22, 1916-GERMAN CROWN PRINCE BEGINS VERDUN ATTACK.

(This was the most violent and dangerous offensive since the first German onrush. There were anxious weeks before it was

finally stopped.)

MARCH 18-30, 1916-RUSSIANS RECOVER OFFENSIVE IN RIGA REGION.

MARCH 24, 1916-SUSSEX, CHANNEL PASSENGER STEAMER, TORPEDOED WITH GREAT LOSS OF LIFE.

APRIL 18, 1916-PRESIDENT WILSON SENDS A NOTE TO GERMANY UPON THE SUSSEX SINKING.

(The President, reminding Germany of her evil record, takes a firm stand.)

Again and again the Imperial Government has given its solemn assurances to the Government of the United States that at least passenger ships would not be thus dealt with, and yet it has repeatedly permitted its undersea commanders to disregard those assurances with entire impunity.

The Government of the United States has been very patient. If it is still the purpose of the Imperial Government to prosecute relentless and indiscriminate warfare against vessels of commerce by the use of submarines without regard to what the Government of the United States must consider the sacred and indisputable rules of international law and the universally recognized dictates of humanity, the Government of the United States is at last forced to the conclusion that there is but one course it can pursue. Unless the Imperial Government should now immediately declare and effect an abandonment of its present methods of submarine warfare against passenger and freight-carrying vessels, the Government of the United States can have no choice but to sever diplomatic relations with the German Empire altogether. This action the Government of the United States contemplates with the greatest reluctance but feels constrained to take in behalf of humanity and the rights of neutral nations.

APRIL 19, 1916-SPECIAL MESSAGE TO CONGRESS ON THE SUSSEX SINKING.

(The President at once informed Congress of the stand he had taken in the Sussex matter.)

But we cannot forget that we are in some sort and by the force of circumstances the responsible spokesman of the