The work has been done accurately. All the available manuscripts have been drawn upon. The explanations of the various documents are as full as necessity suggests. All is printed on convenient sheets with inviting margins. The book is in two parts, one devoted to the letters written by Washington and the other to those written to him. At the end there is a very full Index of Names. The matter calendared is not limited strictly to letters. It includes, also, a number of more formal documents, such as the Virginia Articles of Association of 1770, and the papers relating to General Sullivan's Indian expedition. It has been able to include within this list of documents many which have not till recently come into the possession of the government. Notable among these are seventy-three letters from Robert Morris to Washington, most of them written during the revolution.

Too much praise cannot be given to the Librarian of Congress for his interest in such work as this. There is good reason to desire that the government should purchase as rapidly as possible all the documents relating to our great makers of history and put them through such a process as this which has been done for the Washington documents.

LITERARY NOTES

Mr. Edward Ingle, of Baltimore, has recently written for the Manufacturers' Record, of that city, an admirable paper on "Realism of Southern Dreams of Material Progress," and still later he has had the same reprinted in a convenient pamphlet of 24 pages. Many people who think of the overwhelming predominance of agriculture in old industrial life in the South do not realize that there were even before the war a number of Southerners who rebelled against the sole regime of cotton. Of this number were Governor Hammond, William Gregg, Daniel Pratt, Lieutenant Mauray, and J. D. B. DeBow. These, and many other men, foresaw the future that lay in manufacturing in the South if men's minds could once be turned toward that kind of work. What they did not see, at least not all of them, was that slave-labor and slave-raising were together so valuable and so sure in their results that men would not be turned from them to the experiment of factories. In the same pamphlet Mr. Ingle has included two other papers which are very interesting, viz.: "A Tangled Skein of Cotton" and "Making Sure the Promises."

"The Alaska-Canadian Frontier," by Thomas Willing Balch (Allen, Lane & Scott, Philadelphia), is recently issued in a reprint from the Journal of the Franklin Institute. This is a review of the history of the line between Alaska and the British possessions which has become a matter of dispute in recent years, and it supports the American contention by giving a review of the negotiations between the two governments from 1825 till the present time. It contains eight maps.

The second annual number of The John P. Branch Historical Papers of Randolph-Macon College contains articles on "The Whiskey Insurrection in Pennsylvania," by B. W. Bond, Jr.; "Patrick Henry," by J. A. Cabell, Esq.; "Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1829," and some valuable letters of Levan Powell, Nathaniel Macon, and Thomas Ritchie. These papers are published, in the words of the editor, "to stimulate and encourage

the study and writing of history in Randolph-Macon College." They could not more thoroughly realize this laudable object than by going on, as they have begun, to induce young men to investigate historical matters and by collecting and publishing letters of the leaders of the past. The publication has the really scientific tone, and Prof. Dodd is to be congratulated upon the air of scholarship with which it is set forth.

An excellent study of a prominent South Carolinian is Prof. Ramage's paper on "Hugh Swinton Legare," which is reprinted from The Sewanee Review. It is in two parts and deals with Legare's youth and his work as a statesman. It is in a charming narrative style and is worthy of the erudition of the subject, who was a credit to the scholarship of Edinburgh.

"The Old School and the New" is a readable and valuable address by President Dabney, of the University of Tennessee, in line with the newer educational gospel which some very earnest men are now preaching with good results in the South. It is published in pamphlet form by the Tennessee University.

"Internal Improvements in Alabama," by Dr. W. E. Martin, has just been issued in the Johns Hopkins Studies in History and Political Science. It is a treatment of the public highways of Alabama and of their influence upon the settlement of the State. It shows that here, as elsewhere, Indian trails were seized on by the early white traders, later became the thoroughfares for immigrant wagons, marked the location of towns, and largely determined the course of railway lines. Mr. Martin treats, also, river and harbor improvements and State aid to railroads.

"The North Carolina Booklet," which the North Carolina Society of The Daughters of the Revolution issued once a month throughout the year 1901-2, has been planned to be issued during the coming year, provided subscriptions enough can be obtained to justify the attempt. The subjects announced for the forthcoming year are: "Ku Klux Klans," by Mrs. T. J. Jarvis; "Our Pirates," by Capt. S. A. Ashe; "Indian Massacres and the Tuscarora War," by Judge Walter Clarke; "Moravian Settlements in North Carolina," by Rev. J. E. Clewell; "Whigs and Tories,"

by Prof. W. C. Allen; "The Revolutionary Congress of North Carolina," by T. M. Pitman; "The Battle of Guilford Court House," by Prof. D. H. Hill; "Historic Homes in North Carolina," by Col. Burgwyn and others; "Old Charlestown of the Cape Fear," by Prof. John S. Bassett; "Raleigh and the Old Town of Bloomsbury," by Prof. K. P. Battle; "The Confederate Secret Service," by President Charles E. Taylor (conditional); and "The Story of the Albemarle," by Major Graham Daves. It is highly desirable that the "Booklet" should be continued. It is a valuable means of conveying knowledge of North Carolina history to the public. It is particularly valuable for the use of teachers of history in the State's schools. It is to be hoped that enough subscriptions will be received to enable the editors to proceed with their plans. Address Editors of "The North Carolina Booklet," Box 125, Raleigh, N. C. The price is one dollar a year.

Congress has recently given to a private establishment authority to print a small edition of "The Jefferson Bible." Jefferson compiled this work from the Bible by selecting such portions as suited him and arranging them in order. He used it for his private reading and the original is now in the possession of the govern

ment.

"Historical Sketch of Salem Female Academy" is the title of a tastily gotten up and well written pamphlet by Miss Adelaide I.. Fries. It is to be had of D. H. Browder, Winston-Salem, N. C.

An instructive article in The World's Work, July, 1902, is Prof. H. Morse Stephens's "Some Living American Historians." Messrs. James F. Rhodes, Henry C. Lea, A. T. Mahan, Henry Adams, and Francis Parkman are discussed as the five great American historians of the present day. Excellent portraits of the first two and of Prof. F. J. Turner are given.

In the April, 1902, number of the Sewanee Review Mr. R. E. Fast contributes an article on "A Southern Experiment in Township Government." It deals with an attempt of the new State of West Virginia to establish local government in 1863-72. The experiment was a failure through various causes.

The Quarterly Journal of Economics, May, 1902, contains a discussion of "The Supposed Necessity of the Legal Tender Paper," by Don C. Barrett. After reviewing the history of such paper in America the author concludes that there has been no necessity for its use, either as a regular feature of the national financial system or as an emergency measure in February, 1862.

The July, 1902, number of The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography contains other instalments of "Virginia Legislative Documents," "The John Brown Letters," "The Germans of the Valley," and the "Abridgment of Virginia Laws, 1694." It continues one of the best repositories of historical documents in the country.

Country Life in America very properly gives up its editorial space in its July issue to the subject of "The New South." The problem of the New South, says the editor, is a country problem, i. e., the education in the right way of the country people of the South. If this truth could be well enough borne in on the minds of rural Southerners there would be a very great advance in America in the love for, and the appreciation of, the beauty of nature's handiwork, which is the object for which this excellent journal is established.

A new venture in Southern journalism which will interest many intelligent people is The Gulf States Historical Magazine, which is about to be launched in Montgomery, Ala., under the editorship of Mr. Thomas McAdory Owens. There is a rich field await. ing such an enterprise and the well-known reputation of the editor for clear historical thinking is guaranty that the field will be worked carefully and fortunately for the history of the South. The QUARTERLY has for the new venture all the kind feelings which it has itself recently received in its own natal period. Where there is much labor and a good cause there will laborers come at last.