十條所載英國貨船進口並未開艙欲行他往限貳日之内出口卽不征收 一天津條約英國第三十七條所載船進口限壹日報領事官知照照第三 第六款

等項止准照新章程買賣敢違此例所運貨物全入官

口外卽係華民貨物與英商無涉以上洋銅錢米穀荳石餅硝磺白鉛 於通商海口銷售不准帶入長江並各內港亦不准代華商護送除在各海 口該關未能查明該商實奉准買定不發單起貨此三項止准英國商人 鉛均爲軍前要物應由華官自行探辦進口或由華商特奉准買明文方准 出口其餘各口該商照稅則納稅仍可帶運出口及外國俱可 又硝磺白 淺滿均遵納船鈔 又荳石餅在登州牛莊兩口者英國商船不准裝載 則照銅錢一律辦理出口時照依稅則納稅其進口毋庸納稅至船載毌論 不分由何處進口者皆不准出外國惟英國商人欲運往中華通商口 口均免納稅至船載無論淺滿均納船鈔 又凡米穀等糧不拘内外土產 月繳囘驗銷若過期不繳銷執照卽按其鐽貨原本照數罰繳入官其進出 給照別口監督於執照上註明收到字樣加蓋印信從給照之日起限六個

77

報等情將單內同類之貨全數入官所運各貨如無內地納稅實據應由海 有違此例及業經報明指赴何口沿途私賣者各貨均入官倘有匿單少 出口海關報完內地稅項方許過卡俟下船出口時再完出口之稅若進出 該子口存留發給執照准其前往路上各子口查驗蓋戳至最後子口先赴 貨到第一子口驗貨由送貨之人開單註明貨物若干應在何口卸貨呈交 照驗蓋戳放行無論遠近均不重征至運貨出口之例凡英商民在內地置 查驗確實照納內地稅項該關發給內地稅單該商應向沿途各子口呈單 各貨該商應將該貨名目若干原裝何船進口應往內地何處各緣由報關 海口免稅各物若進內地仍照每值百兩完稅銀兩伍錢此外運入內地 爲斷惟第二欸所載免稅各貨除金銀外國銀錢行李三項毋庸議外其餘 一天津條約第二十八條所載內地稅餉之議現定出入稅則總以照納一半 第七欸

稅知會領事官曉諭本屬商民遵辦

各口界限並上下貨物之地均由海關安爲定界既要便商更不得有礙收 船鈔以上二條無論先後總以該船進口界限時刻起笑以免參差爭論至

C.G. 12

通商之列

一向例英商完納稅餉每百兩另交银壹兩篯作爲傾銥之費嗣後裁撤英 第九欸

Section 4.

DESCRIPTION OF ARTICLES OF IMPORT.

Note. This section is not intended to include a description of the numerous common or well known articles which are brought to China from Europe, chiefly for the consumption of foreigners, although many of them may be taken by the natives to a limited extent; but rather the peculiar commodities found in Asiatic trade. The Chinese names are those they bear in the tariff, and their pronunciation is uniformly given in the court dialect. In addition to the information got from foreign and native merchants, and otherwise in China, the report of the Commercial delegates attached to the French embassy of M. de Lagrené, in 1844, called Etude Pratique du Commerce d'Exportation de la Chine, edited by Natalis Rondot, has furnished a great number of useful data; Crawfurd's valuable Dictionary of the Indian Archipelago, and Fortune's three volumes, have also added to previous knowledge of the numerous articles designated in China markets as Straits Produce; and the information from all these works has been so incorporated with what was contained in former editions of the Guide, that no other than this general acknowledgment of their use can well be given.

AGAR-AGAR,hái tsái, i.e. sea vegetable, includes all sorts of edible seaweed; the prepared agar-agar is call liáng tsái or cooling vegetable; shih hwátsái is the name of large sorts of seaweed. Agar-agar is the Malay name for the marine algal (Plocaria [Fucus] tenax) growing on the rocky shores of the Malayan islands, from which a glutinous jelly is prepared for the table by boiling; the name is likewise given to the jelly, and something very similar to it is also made from other species of seaweed, and applied to many useful purposes. The bamboo frame-work of lanterns is covered with paper saturated with this gum, which, when dried, is semi-transparent; it is also used by the paper and silk manufacturers as an ingredient in sizing some varieties of their goods. It is incomparable as a paste, and is moreover not liable to be eaten by insects. Over 150,000 piculs were imported into Shanghai alone in 1859, and the amount at other ports is not small; the average price there was $6 per picul, but it is got for $1 to $2 at the South. Its cheapness and admirable qualities as a paste render it worthy the attention of manufacturers in other countries. AMBER,hú peh; false amber, kiá hú peh. This fossil is found on the shores of several islands of the Indian Archipelago, and in small quantities on the coasts of China and Annam. A considerable part comes from the eastern shores of Africa. It was formerly much prized for ornaments and incense, and in China is still largely in demand for court beads. Transparent pieces of a lively yellowish-brown colour are the best, and if insects are imbedded in it, the value is greatly increased; if the pieces are foul and opaque, they are almost valueless. The price varies from $8 to $14 per catty, and higher, according to the quality and size of the pieces, the finest being carved into beads. False amber, made from copal and other gums, is brought from India, and sold in Canton at prices almost as great as those which the genuine article bears. The Chinese do not use amber for the mouth-pieces of pipes.

ASAFETIDA, 阿魏 o wei. This gum-resin is derived from the Ferula asafoetida and F. Persica, two trees which grow in Persia. To obtain it, the roots, after the earth is removed, are covered with leaves to defend' them from the sun; they are then cut off transversely, and the thick milky juice exudes and thickens on the wound; this when hard is scraped off and another section made, and the operation repeated until the root is exhausted. The gum is nauseous and bitter, and as it grows old loses its efficacy. The masses are composed of grains of a variegated colour; the best tint is a pale-red, having the grains nearly white; the odour should be penetrating, and when the piece is broken, the fracture ought to bear a marbled appearance. It is brought from Bombay, at the rate of $15 a picul, and ranks high in the materia medica of the Chinese physician; it is exhibited in cholera, in syphilitic complaints and worms, and often forms an ingredient in the pills advertised to cure opium smokers.

BEESWAX, 黃臘 hwáng láh, or 蜜臘 mieh láh;磚臘 chuen láh,

or wax tiles, is the name for the large cakes. This article is brought from the Indian Archipelago, though the Chinese also collect it themselves. In the islands where the bees are found, the natives collect the wax in the forests, disregarding the honey, which is little in quantity and poor. Timor and Timorlaut produce a large amount; the Portuguese formerly sent away 20,000 piculs annually to China and India, at a prime cost of $5 per picul. Wax is also brought from Borneo to Singapore for Chinese consumption. It is employed to some extent to incase the soft tallow of large candles, but more of it is used in making envelopes for pills, to conserve their ingredients, than for all other purposes. It is priced from $25 to $30 per picul.

Honey is seldom imported, but forms an article of internal trade; its quality is very good. Bees are not domesticated to much extent among the Chinese, and principally by the priests of country temples; the dry stems of a species of Artemisia are burned under the hives to smoke the insects, and put them into a temporary stupefaction, when taking out the honey. The price is about $5 per picul.

BETEL-NUT,

pin láng, a word in imitation of the Malayan lau yeh, and the husks

pinang; the leaf is called pin 蒟 láng. The leaf of the betel pepper (Chavica betle), and the nut of the areca palm (Areca catechu), together constitute what is called betel-nut, and chewed so universally throughout the East. As an article of commerce, the nut is sold separately, under the name of "betel-nut," so called because used with the leaf of the betel pepper.

The habit of chewing this preparation has extended from the Malayan islands, where the palm grows, to the continent of Asia, and it is now used from the Red Sea to the Pacific Ocean. The areca nut is the fruit of a graceful palm, about six inches in diameter and thirty feet in height. The tree produces fruit from the age of five to twenty-five years. The nut, when the husk is taken off, resembles a nutmeg in shape and colour, but is a little larger and harder. The annual produce of a tree averages a hundred nuts or fourteen pounds, priced at about half a dollar a picul. The betel pepper is the vine which furnishes the leaf,