intermediate between the two styles, which it has been agreed to call the Classic and the Romantic. A prodigious success justified the conception, and Tippoo Saib retained a long time its vogue in public favour. But the tragedy of Belisaire greatly increased M. Jouy's reputation, as well by its intrinsic merit as by the political opposition it encountered. It was forbidden by the Censorship to be acted; but it was printed, and its perusal and lecture at the Theatre Française was received with acclamations, which furnished the author with a correct estimate of the success with which it would have been received on the stage. Sylla appeared after Belisare, and obtained equal popularity, added to a more favourable reception from the authorities; since the same Censorship which rejected the latter on account of its alleged representation of Napoleon in adversity, accepted the former on account of its alleged portraiture of Napoleon in prosperity. The tragedy of the emperor Julien, which appeared afterwards, was indebted for its success to less extrinsic merits, but it was better calculated to win approbation in the closet than on the stage. The entire number of M. Jouy's tragic and comic dramas is twenty.

It was after the brilliant reception of his first opera that he received from the French Institute the prize for the first theatrical lyric poem.

On the death of the Chevalier de Parny in 1814, M. Jouy was elected a member of the French Academie; and in 1822 he gave a course of lectures at the Athenée de Paris, on " La moral appliqué à la politique et à l'industrie." The deceased Academician, at a subsequent period, held the office of censor of the press, with which he was well known to be editorially connected up to the time of his death. He was successively or simultaneously editor of several distinguished Parisian journals among which may be enumerated the "Journal des Acts," the "Miroir," the "Renommée," (which he founded,) the " Courier François," and the "Gazette des France." It was in these journals that originally appeared some of those lively and original essays which have since been collected into volumes and translated into English, and on which principally rests the European reputation of the distinguished defunct. These papers are comprised in the following works: "The Hermit of the Chaussée D'Antin," the Free Speaker," known in England under the name of the "French Spectator," on account of the Addisonian point and polish of the style, and the "Hermit at Guiana;" of which latter

production M. Jouy himself published an English translation. Connected so extensively as he was with the press of France, it was scarcely possible for so polygraphic an author under different phases of the French government to escape from some tracasseries of a judicial or political character. Accordingly, he had to sustain a long process in 1819, in the Cour d'Assize, against the municipality of Coulon, whom he was charged with having libelled by accusing them of selling the surrender of the town to the English during the Revolution. He boldly confronted his accusers, affirming the historical truth of the fact, while denying personal motives, and was honourably acquitted. In conjunction with his editorial colleagues, Dupaty and Arnault, he had to sustain an action in the "Tribunal de Premier Instance," brought against them for an alleged libel contained in certain articles of the "Musée." These detractions of envious rivalry are the occasional taxes which talent is compelled to pay for its celebrity. Literature has its faith like religion; and persecution in both cases, in its attempt to suppress, though transiently obstructive and painful, is ultimately fortunate for the victims.

MR. ALFRED FREEBAIRN.

Aug. 21. In Mornington-place, Hampstead-road, aged 51, Mr. Alfred Freebairn, engraver.

This gentleman acquired the rudiments of his art as a student of the Royal Academy. His latter years have been devoted to the development of the capabilities of Mr. Bate's ingenious patent invention, termed the anaglyptograph, in which he proved eminently successful. In Captain Siborne's "History of the Wellington Campaigns in Belgium," the efficacy of this novel process of engraving was admirably demonstrated. Excellent as was Captain Siborne's letter-press description of the brilliant affairs of Quatre-Bras, Wavre, and Waterloo, Mr. Freebairn's elaborately wrought maps and other illustrations, including portraits of the leading officers engaged, formed a main feature of attraction in the work. The last and principal undertaking on which his talents and industry were employed was an engraving of the celebrated shield of Achilles, sculptured by Flaxman, which he had just brought to a conclusion. His intense application in the execution of this production, which is most felicitous, is understood to have been the immediate cause of his death. Such was the anxiety evinced by him during its progress, that he could not be prevailed upon by his

Mr. Freebairn was unmarried, and had all his life resided with his mother, whose demise, at the advanced age of 87, took place only four days before his own. They were the two last links of the family chain, and it is remarkable that they should have been placed on the bed of death at one and the same moment. Their remains were taken for interment to the Highgate Cemetery, followed by Mr. Clarkson Stanfield, R.A., Mr. David Roberts, R.A., Mr. Bate, Mr. Samuel Reynolds, Mr. W. Walker, and Mr. T. S. Cafe, (the two latter gentlemen being the executors of Mr. Freebairn,) and other

mourners.

MR. GEORGE Balmer.

April 10. At Ravensworth, Durham, in the prime of life, Mr. George Balmer, landscape painter.

He was originally intended to carry on the business of his father, a respectable house-painter in North Shields. However, his earliest predilections were such as disqualified him for mechanical pursuits, and he had meanwhile practised the decorative part of the business with Coulson of Edinburgh. Here he had an opportunity of observing the progress of Ewbank, whose pure and fluent productions suggested the kindred but more powerful style which made Balmer's pictures a feature in the Newcastle Exhibition. With several lesser works of great merit, he exhibited a more ambitious production in point of size-" A View of the Port of Tyne." This was purchased by T. Batson, esq. of Newcastle.

About the year 1831 an exhibition of water-colour drawings was produced in Newcastle, in which appeared several performances in that style by Balmer, especially some exquisite views of the scenery in the neighbourhood of Rokeby, one of which was beautifully engraved by Miller for the "Aurora Borealis," an annual produced by some members of the Society of Friends in Northumberland. The honourable rivalry and friendly intimacy which existed between George Balmer and J. W. Carmichael (an artist whose marine subjects have obtained an extended celebrity) induced these two painters to unite their efforts in one great work, the subject of which was "The Heroic Exploit of Admiral Collingwood at the Battle of Trafalgar." This capital picture is now in the Trinity House at Newcastle.

Presently after the completion of this picture, Mr. Balmer took his departure for a tour on the Continent, sketching

several parts of Holland, and then proceeded up the Rhine, and traversed Switzerland, when, having made some valuable studies among the Alps, he turned a longing eye towards Italy, but hesitated and postponed that enterprise to a period which never came. He then set off for Paris in order to study the masterpieces in the Louvre Gallery. In Paris Balmer remained several months, observing much, and copying from Cuyp, Claude Lorraine, Paul Potter, and Ruysdael. From the latter he produced a masterly copy, the subject being "A Stormy Offing, with Vessels scudding before the Squall."

Immediately on his return to England he set up his staff in London, and toiled to do justice to the opportunities he had enjoyed, and to embody the result of his travels in such a shape as would bring him honourably before the public in the London Exhibitions.

A large "View of Bingen," which it is believed is now in Liverpool; "A View of Rotterdam," of which there is an engraving; "Haarlem Mere," a large moonlight, purchased by Miss Clayton, of Newcastle; and a fine picture of St. Goar, were among the first fruits of his application. At this time he found a kind patron in Mr. Harrison, an opulent merchant and accomplished gentleman of Liverpool. This gentleman, whom he had met abroad, enabled him, by his purchases and recommendation, to pursue his object steadily and without those pecuniary misgivings which oppress while they cruelly goad the artist who would earn an honourable fame. While the beauties of the scenery he had visited remained strong upon his mind, Balmer worked assiduously from his foreign sketches; but many of them remained unused, for the original feeling and desire to represent the scenery of the British coast returned after a time. He was never so much in his element as when painting a stranded ship, an old lighthouse, or the rippling of the waves on a shingly coast. He was much under the influence of early associations, and such were the objects to which he had been accustomed from childhood. An old mill was likewise a favourite subject of his pencil; and this was but another reminiscence of early days, when he ofttimes sojourned with his uncle, the miller, at Plessy, near Blythe. His pictures containing an old mill, with the scenery of the river Wansbeck, chiefly moonlights, are among his happiest productions.

In 1836, Balmer proposed to the Messrs. Finden a publication entitled

"The Ports and Harbours of Great Britain," a work which was spiritedly commenced, and contained many views, chiefly on the north coast, from his drawings. However, the publication dwindled in other hands, and was not carried out to the extent originally intended.

About this time he found himself in circumstances which made him independent of his profession; and a diffidence with regard to the merit of his own productions caused him to give up several commissions, and thenceforth, to the

regret of many who admired his talent and worth, he abated his efforts, painting only a slight bit from time to time to keep his hand in, or as gifts to his friends. Nearly four years since he retired from London, and settled near Ravensworth, in the county of Durham, where he was assailed in the prime of life by the malady which terminated his career. (Abridged from a communication made to the ArtUnion by his friend Mr. J. Wykeham Archer.)

VOL. XVIII. p. 95. A monumental tablet has been executed by Mr. Denman, to the memory of the officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates of the 13th Light Infantry, or Prince Albert's Own, who fell in the Affghanistan warfare. It is six feet high, and four feet six broad, and of pure statuary marble. The colours of the regiment festoon three medallions, fac-similes of the medals granted for Jellalabad, Ghuznee, and Cabul, under which are the captured flags of the enemy. Underneath is the following inscription:"Whilst serving in Affghanistan, between the years 1838 and 1844, either from the fatigue of service, or in action with the enemy, there perished of the 13th, Prince Albert's Light Infantry, Lieut.-Colonel W. H. Dennie, C.B.; Brevet-Major G. Kershaw; Captains George Fothergill and William Sunderland; Lieutenants Edward King, Richard Edward Frere, John Byrne Hobhouse, and F. P. C. Scott; Serjeant Major W. Airey; 12 serjeants, 11 corporals, 3 bugles, and 264 privates. also, shortly after their return from that country, Major J. G. D. Taylor, Captain W. A. Sinclair, and Assistant Surgeon W. Baines. In memory of whom their sur viving brethren in arms of the same regiment have caused this tablet to be erected." On either side of this inscription are two full-length statues of two privates of the regiment, carrying their muskets reversed. The tablet, which cost upwards of 200 guineas, will be placed in Canterbury cathedral.

And

Vol. XX. p. 202. The monument to the memory of the late Bishop Lipscomb, has at length been erected in St. Andrew's churchyard, Jamaica. It consists of a square pedestal of marble, surmounted by a cross of the same material, facing east and west. The grave adjoins that of his first wife, and both tombs are inclosed in iron railing. The inscription on the south GENT, MAG, VOL. XXVI.

face of the pedestal runs thus :-" In re spectful and affectionate memory of Christopher, the first Bishop of Jamaica, and in the hope of a reunion through the Cross and Passion of the Lord Jesus Christ, this Monument is erected by the Clergy of the Island." The inscription on the west side runs thus:-" Obiit prid. non. Aprilis Anno Dom. MDCCCXLIII. Etat. LXI. Episcopat. xIx.” In the

centre of the east face are the arms of the see, impaling the private arms of the bishop.

The

Vol. XXIII. p. 449. The committee appointed to superintend the erection of a monument to the memory of the late Mr. Michael Nugent, have brought their labours to a close. Mr. Carew, the sculptor, has gratuitously executed in marble, from a portrait by Simpson, a profile medallion of great fidelity and the highest art. stone is erected near the eastern pathway of the Kensall Green cemetery, and is thus inscribed :-" In memory of Michael Nugent, esq. for more than 40 years one of the ablest Parliamentary reporters of the newspaper press, who died on the 6th of March, 1845, aged 64, and is here buried. To attributes of the mind which command respect, he joined virtues of the heart that win affection, with a high tone of principle, a manly independence, and a quick sense of wrong. He was generous, sincere, sympathising. An ample store of general knowledge and a cultivated taste rendered him a sound critic of elegant literature and the fine arts. Though honest and instructive, his criticism was gentle; his wit, original and playful, never inflicted even a momentary wound. These qualities were adorned with modesty, and brightened by a gaiety which sickness could not cloud. This monument is erected by those best able to appreciate his sterling worth his friends and colleagues."

Vol. XXIV. p. 531. On the 1st Oc4 P

tober probate of the will, with seven codicils, of the Right Rev. G. H. Law, Bishop of Bath and Wells, passed the seal of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, and was granted to his son, the Rev. Robert Vanbrugh Law, M.A. A power was reserved to his other sons, Chancellor James Thomas Law, M.A., and Archdeacon Henry Law, M.A., the other executors. The personalty was valued for duty at 18,0007. The venerable prelate, by his testamentary documents, made in his own handwriting, between the years 1836 and 1840, has disposed of his property chiefly amongst his family, leaving to his sons and daughters specific and pecuniary bequests, and a legacy to each of his grandchildren, and to a few friends, and to his servants. His gallery of pictures he wished to be offered at a stated price to his successor. His books to be divided equally amongst his three sons, to whom he has left the residue of his property. At the commencement of his will, and again at the conclusion of the first codicil, are these words:-" I commend my soul into the hands of my Creator, humbly hoping that it may be received into the mansions of the blessed, and that I may again behold those whom I have loved upon earth made saints in Heaven."

Vol. XXV. p. 91.-Probate of the will of Lord Stuart de Rothesay was granted on the 7th of May, to his relict, the Baroness Stuart de Rothesay, and his nephew, Capt. Chas. Stuart, of the 1st Gren. Guards, to whom are left all estates vested in him by mortgage, or in trust. All other his manors, lands, and hereditaments, real and personal estate, he leaves to the Baroness for her own absolute use. The personalty in England was estimated at 30,0007.

P. 108. The late Charles Jollands, esq. of Lindfield, and Russell-sq. died possessed of funded and personal property amounting to 40,000l. By his will he has left to his eldest son, the Rev. Charles Jollands, the advowson of the rectory of Little Munden, Herts; also a legacy of 10,0001. To his son, the Rev. John Jollands, the next presentation to the vicarage of Haslingfield, Cambridge, and a legacy of 20,000. To his son, William Dixon Jollands, he leaves all his freehold and leasehold estates in Lindfield, and Ardingley, Sussex, together with the farming stock at Buxshalls, and all other farms, and 3,0007. East India Stock. And to his son, Thomas A. Jollands, 4,000. The residue he leaves to his sons, Charles, William, and John, who are also the joint executors.

P. 314. Sir W. Foulis, Bart., late of Ingleby Manor, died, leaving an only child,

a daughter, to whom, on the demise of Lady Foulis, he bequeaths the manors of Ingleby Greenhow, Sexhow, Enterpeen, and Potto, in the county of York; and divers capital and other messuages, farms, lands, rectories, rents, and other hereditaments, and has entailed the same on her issue, or in default to certain relatives, the tenant in possession to use and bear his name and arms. Leaves the house lately purchased by him in Grosvenor-place, with the furniture, to Lady Foulis absolutely. The diamonds to Lady Foulis for life, and then to her daughter. Leaves 1,000l. to the governors of Queen Anne's Bounty, as a benefaction to be applied in the augmentation of the cure of Ingleby Greenhow, which living was under his patronage, with an income only of 671.; and leaves to the Rev. John Dixon, who has been the incumbent thereof for the last sixty years, and also holds the perpetual curacy of Bilsdale, a legacy of 50%.; also leaves 501. to be given amongst such of the poor of Ingleby Greenhow, Battersby, and Sexhow, as the executors may think fit objects. The executors are, the Rev. J. Allan Park, clerk, and A. Newcomen and T. R. Grey, esqs., who have administered in the courts of York and Canterbury.

P. 316. The remains of the late Sir Lawrence Jones, having been brought from Smyrna, were interred in the family vault at Sculthorpe, Norfolk, on the 8th of July.

Pp. 326, 659. The second wife of the late Rev. George Moore was HarrietMary, sixth and youngest daughter of Sir Brook Bridges, the third Baronet, of Goodneston, Kent. Their marriage took place Oct. 11, 1806.

P. 426. Sir John M'Caskill, K.C.B., who died in the bloody engagement at Moodkee, was a native of the Isle of Skye, the birthplace of many gallant heroes. Sir John M'Caskill was the last of four excellent brothers, three of whom died in the military service of their sovereign and country. By his death his father's family became extinct, except two sisters, who still reside in their native island. These amiable ladies, whose moral worth render them worthy of being sisters of their gallant deceased brother, were liberally supported by a handsome annuity which he dutifully allowed to each. Their prospects at his death were gloomy in the extreme, as they had no legal claim on Government, their gallant brother having left a widow and family to be supported by the public funds. The Rev. Alexander Macgregor, of Kilmuir, sympathising with their condition, took the liberty of representing it by letter to Sir

Robert Peel, who, in consequence, has had the satisfaction to recommend pensions to the amount of 507. each, to the Miss M'Caskills, "in consideration of the gallant services of their brother the late Sir John M'Caskill, and of his death on the field of battle."

P. 442.

William Richards Reynell, esq. was the second son of the late Rev. John Reynell, of Thorverton, Devon. He was descended from a long line of distinguished ancestors, and was the representative of that branch of it which for more than two centuries was settled at Newton Abbot, Devon.

P. 444. Mrs. Finch was relict of the late R. Finch, esq. of Headington, and daughter of George White, esq. of Newington, for many years clerk of the committee of privileges and of select committees for trying elections to the House of Commons. This estimable old lady retained her faculties to the last, and, although she had not passed beyond her own grounds for some years, enjoyed the society of her family and friends, and took a lively part in their conversation and amusements till within a few days of her decease. Mrs. Finch leaves a good name behind her a sincere practical Christian, a lover and frequenter of her church, a loyal subject, an affectionate relative, and a kind neighbour, she fulfilled the several duties of life with earnestness, but without ostentation; and her death will be severely felt, for she had sustained the character of the Lady Bountiful of the village for a long series of years, the poor applying as a matter of course at "the great house," and equally as a matter of course receiving from its benevolent mistress the assistance they required. The respect and regret of many who possessed her esteem or partook of her bounty attend her to the grave, for few have more diligently endeavoured to do good in every way to all around them.

P. 444. The will of the late Colonel the Hon. Fulke Greville Howard, of Castle Rising, Norfolk; of Ashtead Park, Surrey; of Levens, Westmoreland; of Elford Hall, Stafford; and of Grosvenorsquare, London, has been proved. His estates in Westmoreland and other hereditaments comprised in his marriage settlement, subject to his wife's interest and disposition, he has devised to his nephew, the Hon. G. F. Upton, second son of Viscount Templetown; those at Kilburn, Middlesex, to his nephew, the Hon. Arthur Upton; his estates at Elford and Stafford, except certain estates at Fisherwick and Elford, which he has devised to Captain Henry Bagot, son of Sir Charles Bagot, are left under same trusts as the estates of

Stafford, by the will of his late father-inlaw, Richard Howard; and those of Ashstead and Castle Rising, to his wife for life, and then in the same manner as the estates of Ashstead and Headley are devised by the same will, the bulk of the estate at Castle Rising being limited to appointment by the Hon. Mrs. Howard. The personal estate, valued at 120,0007. he has disposed of by a codicil, made only the week before his death, to his godchildren, and family and acquaintance. To his brother, the late Viscount Templetown, (whose death is recorded in our present Magazine,) the whole of his valuable collection of pictures, except the pictures of one room, to his sister, the Hon. Sophia Upton, and two pictures at Ashtead, of St. Mary in Egypt, and the death of Seneca, to the Marquess of Bristol. To his nephew, the Hon. Henry Montagu Upton, all his books, and the reversion to the pictures on the death of his father. His musical instruments to his brother, General the Hon. Arthur Upton, with a pecuniary bequest. He has left liberal legacies to his servants; to his steward at Ashstead 5007.; the gardener at Ashstead Park and at Elford Hall, to each, 3007.; and the like legacies to his coachman and cook, and to the porter at Grosvenor-square. The residue he leaves to his wife, the Hon. Mrs. Howard, whom he has appointed, together with his said nephew, the Hon. H. M. Upton, and the Rev. William Legge, Rector of Ashstead, to be the executors of his will, with a legacy of 500l. to each.

P. 445. The late Rev. Jonathan Walton, D.D. Rector of Birdbrook, Essex, has bequeathed the following charitable bequests:-To the Clergy Orphan So ciety, 1007.; to the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 100.; to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, 1007.; to the Charity for the Essex Clergy, 1007.; and to the poor of Birdbrook, 107.; also to the trustees of the district church of St. John, Finchingfield, Essex, 1007., for the repairs of the church; and to the Rev. J. R. Stock, minister of St. John's chapel, and his successor, such books as he may consider necessary to form a foundation for a useful library in his study. All his freehold and copyhold estates in Fordham, Warningford, Colne, and other parts of Essex, he leaves to his nephew, the Rev. R. Skinner, Rector of Swefling, Suffolk, and appoints him, together with J. D. Williams, esq. of Essex, and J. Roberts, esq. of the Middle Temple, executors. Leaves to each of his eight godchildren 1007.; and the residue to the children of his said nephew. The personalty was valued at 7,0007.