Military Honors, Ceremonies, and Salutes.

venient to make the visit at that time; if of lower rank than Consul General, to offer him a passage to the ship.

707.. Vessels of the Navy may participate in celebrating the national festivals of a country, while lying in one of its ports, by hoisting the ensign of that country at either the fore or main, as circumstances may require, dressing ship and firing salutes; and they may also participate in a similar way, while lying in a foreign port, in celebrating the national festivals of any other country in amity with the United States, besides the one to which the port belongs, if in effect invited so to do. In such cases, the colors shall be hauled down with those of the foreign ships, or forts, whose national festival is celebrated. And in case of foreign vessels of war lying in our ports and celebrating their national festivals, the Commander of the station, or senior officer present, may participate in the celebration, as provided for when lying in a foreign port.

708..Whenever any vessel of the Navy may be lying in a foreign port, or may enter such port, and foreign vessels of war of nations in amity with the United States may be at anchor there, or may enter, it shall be the duty of the Commanding Officer to render to such vessels all such civilities as may be customary, and to reciprocate fully all such as may be extended to himself.

709.. Vessels of the United States shall salute flag-ships of other nations in amity with us, on meeting them at sea, or in foreign ports, when commanded by an officer superior in rank to the officer of the United States, on being assured of receiving gun for gun in return.

710..On entering a foreign port when the flag-ships of several nations are present, the following rule shall be observed: The first flag-ship to be saluted shall be the flag-ship of the nation to which the port belongs, if one be present; and next the flag-ship of that foreign flag-officer who has been longest in command on the station, and the rest in like order. The national flag of the vessel saluted shall be displayed at the fore, and the jib hoisted at the first gun, and hauled down at the last.

711.. All salutes from ships of war of other nations to those of the United States shall be returned gun for gun, and the jib shall be hoisted as above directed.

712..No vessel of the Navy is to lower her sails or dip her colors

Military Honors, Ceremonies, and Salutes.

to another vessel of the Navy; but should a foreign vessel or a merchant vessel of the United States dip her colors or lower her sails to any vessel of the Navy, the compliment shall be instantly returned.

713.. Whenever any person for whom a salute has been provided in the preceding articles shall embark on board a vessel of the Navy for passage, he shall be entitled to the same salute as if he were visiting such vessel, and also to the same salute on disembarking.

714..Should it occur that any foreign official of high rank or distinction, whose reception has not been provided for in the foregoing paragraphs, should visit any vessel or naval station of the United States, he may be received with the salutes and honors assigned to him by his own country.

715.. No salute is ever to exceed twenty-one guns; all salutes must be fired between sunrise and sunset, and the national colors must always be displayed at the time. On the occasion of a visit by any person entitled to one salute, such salute shall be fired on his leaving a vessel, or on his arrival at a navy yard or station.

716.. Cheers shall never be given as a compliment to any officer, or man, on joining a vessel of the Navy, or while attached to or being detached from her.

717.. Officers in boats not laden, nor engaged in towing, are, on meeting or passing other boats, to observe the following ceremonies, as marks of respect, according as they may be under oars or sail; and the officers to whom the salutes are made are to be careful to acknowledge them promptly by raising their caps: To a boat with the flag of an Admiral, Vice-Admiral, or Rear-Admiral, or the broad pennant of a Commodore, boats with a narrow pennant are to lie on their oars, or let fly their sheets; and boats without any pennants are to toss their oars, or lower their sails. In both cases, officers in them are to salute by raising their caps. In the case of two boats meeting or passing, each with the same insignia of a Commanding Officer, the junior officer in rank or seniority is first to salute the other by raising his cap. Officers in boats, meeting or passing their own immediate Commander in a boat with his pennant flying, are to salute him by lying on their oars, or letting fly their sheets, and raising their caps; and, in passing each other, the salute

Military Honors, Ceremonies, and Salutes.

of raising the cap is always to be mutually made, but first by the junior in rank or seniority. All officers inferior in grade to the Commanding Officer of another vessel than the one to which they belong, are, on passing him in a boat with his pennant flying, to lie on their oars, or let fly their sheets, and raise their caps. Cockswains steering boats are, whenever Commissioned Officers are saluted, to stand up and raise their caps; and whenever Warrant Officers are saluted, they are to raise their caps only. The officer and Cockswain of loaded boats, or of boats engaged in towing, shall salute a boat with the flag of an Admiral, Vice-Admiral, or RearAdmiral, or the broad pennant of a Commodore, by standing and raising their caps. On passing boats with a narrow pennant, or with Commissioned Officers on board, the Cockswain shall stand, and both he and the officer shall raise their caps. Boats containing superiors of other grades shall be saluted as already provided for. When boats are rowing in the same direction, an inferior is not to pass his superior in grade, unless he be on urgent duty, or authorized by the superior. When boats are pursuing opposite directions, the rule of the road, to prevent fouling, is that both should put their helms to port, circumstances permitting. When boats are approaching the same landing or vessel, an inferior is always to yield the way to a superior in grade. Boats about leaving the ship's side with inferiors are to give way in ample season to others approaching it with superiors.

718..A sentinel at a gangway is to present arms to all officers coming on board or leaving the vessel, of and above the rank of Lieutenant Commander, and to carry arms to all other Commissioned Officers; but neither this ceremony, nor that of piping the side, is to take place except during the hours when the colors should be displayed. And, after tattoo, all side lights but one may be dispensed with, except in the case of a visit or departure of a foreign officer. The side will only be piped during meal hours, in case foreign officers of rank visit the ship.

719.. All inferiors, in meeting, addressing, or passing a superior, he being in uniform, either afloat or on shore, shall raise their caps, and superiors are strictly enjoined to return such salutes in the same way.

720.. Every officer, or man, on reaching the quarter-deck, either

Funeral Honors.

from a boat, or below, or on leaving it to go over the side, is to salute it by raising his cap, and this is to be acknowledged in return, and in the same way, by all the officers of the watch at hand.

721.. All officers, on going on shore or on returning on board, will report to the Officer of the Deck.

722.. All persons having occasion to address the Executive Officer, or the Officer of the Deck, on matters of duty, shall always salute by touching their caps.

723..On board vessels having an accommodation ladder shipped at each gangway, the starboard gangway is to be reserved for the use of the Commissioned Officers and their visitors; the port gangway for all others. When one accommodation ladder only is shipped, it is to be used indiscriminately by all officers.

724.. Officers and men are not to omit, on any occasion, to extend to Officers of the Army of the United States, and to all foreign officers, the courtesy and mark of respect due to their rank, when passing them in boats or meeting on shore

SECTION 2.-Funeral Honors.

725..On the receipt of official intelligence of the death of the President of the United States, the senior officer present shall, on the following day, cause the ensign of each vessel under his authority to be hoisted at half-mast from sunrise to sunset, and a gun to be fired by his vessel every half hour, beginning at sunrise and ending at sunset. At Naval Stations the same ceremonies are to be observed.

726.. On the death of a Commander of a fleet, squadron, or division, at sea, the ensigns of all the vessels present, and the distinguishing flag of command which he wore, shall be hoisted half-mast during the performance of the funeral ceremony; and on committing the body to the deep, the flag-ship shall fire as many minute guns as he was entitled to receive for a salute when alive, and finally his flag shall be hauled down at the last one of these guns. If occurring in port, the ensigns and distinguishing flag mentioned shall be hoisted half-mast during each day from that of his decease until sunset of the one on which the funeral service is performed, and, on sending the body to the shore, the prescribed number of min

Funeral Honors.

ute guns is to be fired. The escort will fire three volleys of musketry over the grave.

727..On the death of an officer commanding a vessel, at sea, the ensigns of all the vessels present, and the pennant of the vessel he commanded, shall be hoisted half-mast during the performance of the funeral ceremony; and, on committing the body to the deep, the vessel he commanded shall fire as many minute guns as he was entitled to receive, either as his proper salute, or from his superior, as a return salute, when alive. If in port, the pennant of the vessel he commanded shall be hoisted half-mast during each day from that of his decease until sunset of the one on which the funeral service is performed; and, on sending the body to the shore, all the vessels present are to half-mast their ensigns until sunset, and the number of minute guns indicated is to be fired. The escort will fire three volleys of musketry over the grave.

728..On the death of a Commissioned Officer, other than those already mentioned, at sea, the ensigns of all the vessels present shall be hoisted half-mast during the performance of the funeral service; and if in port, the ensigns are to be so hoisted during the time that the body is being conveyed to the shore, and until the return of the funeral escort to the ship. In either case, after the funeral services, three volleys of musketry are to be fired by the full marine guard.

729..On the death of a Warrant Officer, the ensigns of all the vessels present shall be hoisted half-mast during the performance of the funeral service when at sea; and when in port, during the time that the body is being conveyed to the shore, and for one hour afterward. In either case, three volleys of musketry are to be fired by a sergeant's guard of fourteen men.

730..On the death of a Medical, Pay, Engineer, or other officer, not of the Line, the same funeral honors are to be observed as those prescribed for a Line Officer of the same relative rank, except that the distinctive flag or pennant of the vessel is not to be hoisted at half-mast, and that no minute guns are to be fired. If a Commissioned Officer, three volleys of musketry are to be fired by the full marine guard.

731..On the death of a Petty Officer, or other person of inferior rating, the ensigns of all vessels present shall be hoisted half-mast