Mes. Octavius, then take him to follow thee, That did the latest service to my master.

Ant. This was the noblest Roman of them all.
All the conspirators save only he

Did that they did in envy of great Cæsar;
He only, in a general honest thought

And common good to all, made one of them.
His life was gentle, and the elements

So mix'd in him that Nature might stand up
And say to all the world "This was a man!"
Oct. According to his virtue let us use him,
With all respect and rites of burial.
Within my tent his bones to-night shall lie,
Most like a soldier, order'd honourably.
So call the field to rest; and let 's away
To part the glories of this happy day.

70

80

[Exeunt.

6 Give each man his due share of the honor of the victory.

OUTLINE STUDY

NO. 3

JULIUS CAESAR

A. PREPARATORY WORK.-History of the Drama; Classification of Shakespeare's Dramas.

B. FIRST READING.-The Narrative of the Drama; The Historical Situation.

C. SECOND READING.-Critical Analysis of Julius Cæsar as a Dramatic Composition; Study of the Text.

D. THIRD READING.-Character Study; Literary Analysis.

E. SUPPLEMENTARY WORK.-History of Julius Cæsar and Mark Antony; Theme Subjects.

A. PREPARATORY WORK

HISTORY OF THE DRAMA;

CLASSIFICATION

OF SHAKESPEARE'S
DRAMAS

I. THE DRAMA

1. Its chief characteristic as a literary composition.

Note 1.

Dramatic composition differs from all other forms of literature in that it consists of the animated conversation of various personages, from whose speech the movement of the story is to be gathered. Ado what

2. Its two divisions :

al

a. Tragedy. (Give definition and derivation.) ade worl b. Comedy. (Give definition and derivation.) Note 2 In Shakespeare's dramas the difference between tragedy and comedy is one of conclusion merely. No matter how complicated the situation of the drama has become, in a comedy there is always a satisfactory resolution of that complication; in a tragedy, the reverse resolution is found.

3. Structure of Shakespeare's dramas :—

a. A main plot.

b. An underplot.

c. The catastrophe.

4. History of the drama in England.

a. Its first form.-Miracle Plays and Mysteries.

(1.) Of no literary value; vulgar and ir

reverent.

(2.) Plots taken from the Bible and the

Lives of the Saints.

(3.) Performed until the middle of the six-
teenth century.

b. Second form.—Moralities.

(1.) Allegorical characters, as, Virtue, Vice,
Sobriety, Temperance, etc.

dunt shade.

c. Third form.-Masques and Interludes. (Fore-
runners of Farce and Comedy.)

d. Character of the early stage representations :-
(1.) No scenery; placards indicated the
place of action.

(2.) Female roles assumed by boys.

II. PLACE OF JULIUS CÆSAR AMONG

SHAKESPEARE'S PLAYS

Note 3. Shakespeare's plays may be classified as follows:

1. English Historical plays, as, King John, Henry IV., etc.

2. Roman Plays, semi-historical, as Julius Cæsar, Antony and Cleopatra, etc.

3. Greek Plays, semi-historical or legendary, as, Troilus and Cressida.

4. Tragedies, as, Macbeth, Hamlet, King Lear, Othello. 5. Comedies, as, The Merchant of Venice, The Tempest, etc.

B. FIRST READING

THE NARRATIVE OF THE DRAMA; THE HISTORICAL SITUATION

Note 4.

1. OUTLINE OF THE NARRATIVE

To present the story of the drama properly, it will be necessary to go back fifteen years to the year 59 B. C., when that great coalition was formed which was the first step toward the downfall of the Roman Republic.

1. Events preceding the opening of the action of the drama.

a. First triumvirate.-Cæsar, Pompey, Crassus.

b. Four

(1.) Object of the triumvirs: to secure for themselves the control of public affairs.

years later

(1.) Crassus is slain.

(2.) Pompey and Cæsar have divided the world between them.

(3.) Two parties in Rome,-Aristocratic, represented by Pompey; Democratic, represented by Cæsar. (Each party jealous of the reputation of the other.)