Wages and earnings-Continued.
Weekly earnings-
No criterion of annual income, i, 367; of Italians, in glass industry, i, 524;
manufacturing and mining, i, 366–370, 374–378, 383-396; various industries,
i, 297-312.
Less than wages would indicate, on account of lost time, i, 39, 367, 370, 371;
of Greek bootblacks, ii, 402; of Greek flower peddlers, ii, 393; immigrants
in cities, i, 764-767; in manufacturing and mining, i. 405–411; various
industries, i, 297-313; native and foreign born compared, i, 406, 408, 411;
old and new immigration compared, i, 406, 409, 411; of field laborers in
Manchuria, i, 705.
(See also Family income and separate races and industries.)
Wage-earners: Increase in number, manufacturing and mining, 1880-1909, i,
491-493; per cent foreign-born, i, 493; number and sex of those studied in manu-
facturing and mining, i, 294; in agricultural pursuits, i, 547. (See also Bread-
winners, Employees studied, Occupations, and separate races and industries.)
Walcher, G., investigations of, referred to, ii, 546.
Wales: Counties of, ii, 699; population, i, 214, 283; number of immigrants from,
1820-1910, i, 65–96; 1882 and 1907, i, 167; natives of, in United States, i, 134, 135,
137, 623; in cities of United States, i, 145; children of immigrants from, employed,
i, 320-333, 336-347, 506, 627-636; age classification, i, 463–467; earnings, i, 366-403;
literacy, i, 438-447; conjugal condition, i, 447-460. (See al o England and Wales.)
Walker, J. Bruce, assistant superintendent of emigration for Canada, in London,
quoted, ii, 615, 616.
Washington: Foreign-born in, i, 127, 129, 149, 151, 155, 623; citizenship, i, 150, 152;
Hebrew farmers, i, 576; Norwegian farmers, i, 548; immigrants destined to, i, 105–
109; farm households studied, i, 639; emigration to Canada, ii, 617; regulation of
banking, ii, 435.
Washington, D. C., immigrants as charity seekers in, ii, 93-115. (See also District
of Columbia.)
Washington University, St. Louis, Mo., ii, 8.
Water supply, of households of immigrants in cities, i, 753. (See also Housing con-
ditions, Toilet accommodations, etc.)
Waterbury, Conn.: Foreign-born in male population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 152.
Wawarsing, N. Y., Hebrew agricultural colony, i, 577.
Weekly earnings. See Wages and earnings.
Weight of native and foreign born, compared, ii, 510, 512, 514, 516, 519, 525, 526,
534-536, 538.
Welfare work. See Homes and aid societies, Benefits in addition to wages, and Aid
furnished to immigrants.
Welsh: Definition, i, 282, 283; language, i, 225, 282, 283; number of immigrants, i,
97, 171, 214, 215, 283, 625; destination, i, 106-109; previous residence in United
States, i, 104; money on landing, i, 103; population in Europe, i, 214, 283; number
of households and persons studied, i, 316–320; employees studied, i, 320–333, 336-
347, 506, 507, 627-636; age classification, i, 463–467; ii, 136, 286-290; age at time of
coming, effect on literacy, i, 446, 447; occupation abroad, i, 100, 101, 172, 173,
357-363; length of residence, i, 116, 349-356, 636, 637; ii, 84, 85; residence in United
States, effect on literacy, etc., i, 445, 446, 461-463; ii, 147-151, 263-266; residence
in agricultural locality, i, 604; occupation, i, 117, 118, 363–366; wages and earnings,
i, 366-403, 405-411, 764-766; family income, i, 412-417; charity seekers, ii, 95–153;
in charity hospitals, ii, 258–261, 270-272; insanity and mental defects, ii, 228, 237,
270; status of children, i, 470-474; ii, 143-147; in schools, ii, 10-16, 18-31, 33-42,
49-61, 64-66, 76-80; literacy, i, 99, 175, 438-447; citizenship, i, 484-489; ii, 152,
153; in labor unions, i, 417-419; conjugal condition, i, 447-460; ii, 137-142; fecundity,
ii, 469-500; location of wife, i, 459, 460; home ownership, i, 467-470; rent paid, i,
419-422; size of apartments and of households, i, 426-430; persons per room, i,
430-438; boarders and lodgers, i, 422-426; return movement, i, 112-118, 180, 182;
visits abroad, i, 461–463; number in Whiting, Ind., i, 528; in Canada, ii, 625. (See
al o English and Welsh.)
Wend or Wind. See Slovenian.
West: Competes with Canada for immigrants, ii, 609, 610; population, i, 621-623;
peonage in, ii, 447. (See also Pacific Coast and Rocky Mountain States, and separate
State.)
West, Mary Mills, author of reports on the immigration situation in Argentina and
Brazil, i, 4; abstracts of reports, ii, 639–647.
West Indian: Number of immigrants admitted, i, 97, 215; proportion of males, i, 98;
destination, i, 106-109; previous residence in United States, i, 104; money on
landing, i, 103; employees studied, i, 320-333, 336–347, 627–636; occupation abroad,
i, 100, 101; length of residence, i, 116, 349-356; occupation, i, 117, 118, wages and
earnings, i, 366-403; charity seekers, ii, 95–109; insanity and mental defects, ii,
237; in schools, ii, 10–16, 18–31, 64–66; literacy, i, 99, 438-447; citizenship, i, 484–
489; return movement, i, 112-118; in Canada, ii, 612, 626. (See al o Cuban, Porto
Rican, etc.)
West Indies: Races of, ii, 685, 700, 713, 721, 726; number of immigrants from, 1820-
1910, i, 65-96; Dutch in, i, 232; natives of, in United States, i, 134, 136, 137; children
of immigrants from, employed, i, 320–333, 336-347, 627-636; literacy, i, 438-447.
(See also Cuba, Porto Rico, etc.)
West Seneca, N. Y., representative immigrant community, i, 496.
West Virginia: Foreign-born in, i, 126, 128; employees in manufactures, mines, and
quarries, i, 492; immigrants destined to, i, 105-109; regulation of banking, ii, 435;
cases of peonage, ii, 445; insanity, ii, 232. (See al o South, bituminous coal mining.)
Western Australia: Immigration and emigration, 1851-1901, ii, 632; assisted immigra-
tion to, ii, 633. (See al o Australia.)
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, ii, 8.
Western Theological Seminary, Chicago, Ill., ii, 8.
Wheeler, William R., member of Immigration Commission, i, 12, 165.
White, W. J., director of Canadian propaganda in United States, annual report quoted,
ii, 608-610.
White Russian: Definition of term, i, 265; population, i, 265. (See also Russian.)
White-slave traffic: Abstract of report on, ii, 323-350; conclusions, i, 30; recom-
mendations, i, 46; information regarding, furnished to authorities, i, 23; between
Europe and United States, i, 30; legislation for suppression of, ii, 577. (See also
Prostitution.)
White-slave traffic act: Of June 25, 1910, ii, 744-747; result of Commission's investi-
gations, i, 30.
Whiting, Ind., population, and immigration to oil refineries, i, 527, 528.
Wilkes-Barre, Pa., immigrants as charity seekers, ii, 93–115.
Williams, Wm., commissioner at Ellis Island, action regarding homes and aid societies,
ii, 314, 315, 322.
Willis, H. Parker, editorial adviser to Immigration Commission, i, 12.
Wilmington, Del., immigration to leather factories, i, 529.
Wind or Wend. See Slovenian.
Window glass. See Glass manufacturing.
Wisconsin: Foreign-born in, i, 126, 128, 149, 151, 155; citizenship, i, 150, 152; Hebrew
farmers, i, 576; Italian communities, i, 560; Polish farmers, i, 583; cheese industry
of Green County, i, 549; wages of sugar-beet laborers, i, 597; immigrants destined
to, i, 105-109; employees in manufactures, mines, and quarries, i, 492; voting laws
lenient, i, 153; immigrant banks, ii, 414; private banking virtually prohibited, ii,
434; insanity, ii, 232; emigration to Canada, ii, 617.
Wisconsin College of Physicians and Surgeons, Milwaukee, Wis., ii, 8.
Wissler, Clark, investigations of phenomena of growth, referred to, ii, 553.
Wives, location of. See Location of wives.
Wives at work: Families having income from, i, 413-415, 766; seasonal farm labor,
i, 597, 598, 600. (See also Family income and Woman and child labor.)
Wolf, Simon, hearing before Immigration Commission, i, 19.
Woman and child labor: Establishment of certain industries in localities where such
is available, i, 541; in textile industry, displaced by males of recent immigration,
i, 540; among recent immigrants, San Francisco, cheaper than Japanese, i, 663;
seasonal farm labor, i, 594-598; Russian, in Hawaii, i, 707. (See also Family income,
Wives at work, and Children, status of.)
Women: Citizenship of, by marriage, ii, 828; fecundity of, abstract of report on, ii,
451-500.
Women's Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., ii, 8.
Woods, Erville B., assistant to statistician of Immigration Commission, i, 12.
Woolen and worsted manufacturing: Summary of data secured, i, 302, 303; households
and employees studied, i, 294, 323-333; earnings, i, 384-386, 388-395; industry in
Lawrence, Mass., described, i, 512-516; female breadwinners reported as woolen-
mill operatives, i, 830-838; Chinese in woolen manufacturing, San Francisco, 1870,
Woonsocket, R. I.: Foreign-born in male population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 152.
Worcester, Mass.: Public school pupils, ii, 14, 15, 17-23, 74; teachers, ii, 52-63; immi-
grants as charity seekers, ii, 93-115; foreign-born in male population, i, 151; citizen-
ship, i, 152.
Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Mass., ii, 8.
Working conditions: Poor, accepted by recent immigrants, i, 538, 539; effect of recent
immigrants, i, 501; poorer in bituminous coal mines of Pennsylvania than else-
where, i, 38; seasonal agricultural labor, i, 596, 597; peonage, ii, 439–449; planta-
tions, Hawaii, i, 714-717.
Working relations between old and new immigrants, i, 540. (See also Race prejudice,
Assimilation, etc.)
Worsted. See Woolen and worsted manufacturing.
Wright, Luke E., executive order regarding Chinese, ii, 798.
Wyoming: Foreign-born in, i, 127, 129, 149, 155, 623; population, i, 623; citizenship,
i, 150; Hebrew farmers, i, 576; immigrants destined to, i, 105-109; regulation of
banking, ii, 435.
Yearly earnings. See Wages and earnings.
Yearly income. See Family income and Wages and earnings.
Yokaris Brothers, promoters of Greek shoe-shining parlors, ii, 398.
Yonkers, N. Y.: Public school pupils, ii, 14, 15, 17-23, 74; teachers, ii, 52-63; foreign-
born in male population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 152.
Youngstown, Ohio: Foreign-born in male population, i, 151; citizenship, i, 152;
immigrants as charity seekers, ii, 93-115.
Zinc smelting and manufacturing, employees in, i, 336-338, 343–348.
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