gary, I, 94; Mexico, II, 59; Nether-
lands, II, 84; United States, II, 298.
Catholic church: Argentine Nation, I,
3, 16, 17, 20, 23, 24; Chile, I, 229, 247;
Italy, II, 5, 6, 8, 16-21; Portugal, II,
147, 155, 163, 164; Spain, II, 201.
See also Church, Papacy, Religion,
Religious orders.
Census: Argentine Nation, I, 10, 11;
Australia, I, 46, 66; Austria, I, 79;
Brazil, I, 156; Canada, I, 187, 205;
United States, II, 294.
Charities: Canada, I, 207; Denmark, I,
279; Netherlands, II, 118; Portugal,
II, 178.
-Congress: composition, I, 232; im-
munities of members, I, 232; powers, I,
235-37, 247, 248; sessions, I, 240,
246; power of Executive Committee to
call extraordinary sessions of, I, 242;
election of President by, I, 243; exclu-
sive power to levy taxes, I, 259;
actions taken in presence of an armed
force void, I, 261.
-Council of State: impeachment of
members, I, 237, 253; share in execu-
tive powers, I, 246, 247; composition,
I, 251; powers, I, 252, 253.
-Courts: impeachment of judges, I,
237; control by President
judicial administration, I, 245; ap-
pointment of judges, I, 246, 252;
judicial power exercised by, I, 253;
tenure of judges, I, 253; responsibility
of judges, I, 253, 254; qualifications
of judges, I, 254; organization of
courts, I, 254.
-Executive Committee: action with
reference to members of Congress
accused of crime, I, 232; impeach-
ment of members, I, 237; composi-
tion, I, 241; powers, I, 241, 242;
its share in the appointment of officers
by the President, I, 246; its consent
to command of army by President, I,
-Form of government, I, 229.
-House of Deputies: apportionment
and election of members, I, 232, 233;
term, I, 233; qualifications of deputies,
I, 233; persons ineligible as deputies,
I, 233; offices compatible with that of
deputy, I, 234, 249; powers, I, 237,
238; quorum, I, 240; sessions
when Senate is not in session, I, 241;
impeachment of ministers by, I, 249,
-Laws: procedure in the enactment
of, I, 238-40, 253.
-Local government: organization of,
I, 254-57-
-Minister of State: may at the same
time be a member of the House of
Deputies, I, 234, 249; impeachment,
I, 237, 249-51; appointment and re-
moval, I, 246; qualifications, I, 248;
responsibility of, Ì, 248; relations with
Congress, I, 248, 249.
-Municipal government, I, 255-57.
-President: decision by Congress with
reference to resignation or disability
of, I, 235; duties of Congress with
reference to election of, I, 235, 236;
power to initiate legislation, I, 238,
252; veto power, I, 239, 253; qual-
ifications of, I, 242; term, I, 242,
244; election, I, 242-44, 245; suc-
cession in case of President's disa-
bility, I, 244; may not leave Chilean
territory without consent of Congress,
I, 244; oath of office, I, 245; powers,
I, 245-48; responsibility of ministers
of state for acts of, I, 248; impeach-
ment, I, 248; Council of State as an
advisory body, I, 252, 253; establish-
ment of municipalities by, I, 255;
action taken in presence of an armed
body void, I, 260; powers vested in, ́
during a state of siege, I, 261.
-Senate: composition, I, 234; term
and election of senators, I, 234, 235;
qualifications of senators, I, 235;
powers, I, 238; quorum, I, 240;
sessions when House of Deputies is
not in session, I, 240; its share in the
appointment of officers by the Presi-
dent, I, 246; its consent to command
of army by President, I, 247; trial of
impeached ministers by, I, 250.
Church, established: Argentine Nation,
I, 3; Chile, I, 229; Denmark, I, 267,
278; Italy, II, 5; Norway, II, 123;
Portugal, II, 147; Spain, II, 201;
Sweden, II, 219, 220, 226, 227, 242.
See also Catholic church, Religion.
Citizenship: Argentine Nation, I, 16,
29; Austria, I, 71, 79; Belgium, I,
127, 146; Brazil, I, 171, 172; Chile,
I, 229, 230; Germany, I, 326, 327;
Japan, II, 26; Mexico, II, 46-49, 60;
Netherlands, II, 81; Norway, II, 140;
Portugal, II, 147, 148; Russia, II,
186; Spain, II, 199, 200; Switzer-
land, II, 269-71, 276, 286; United
States, II, 310. See also Naturaliza-
tion.
Civil law: Argentine Nation, I, 16, 29;
Austria, I, 79; Brazil, I, 159; Ger-
many, I, 328; Netherlands, II, 110;
Norway, II, 140; Portugal, II, 177;
Spain, II, 213; Switzerland, II, 275.
See also Marriage and divorce.
Coinage, see Money.
Colonies: Netherlands, II, 91: Portu-
gal, II, 172; Spain, II, 216.
Commerce: Argentine Nation, I, 4, 16,
29; Australia, I, 46, 59, 61, 62;
Austria, I, 78; Austria-Hungary, I,
115; Brazil, I, 158; Canada, I, 205,
214; Germany, I, 327, 329; Mexico,
II, 76; United States, II, 297. See
also Industry.
Commercial law: Argentine Nation, I,
16, 29; Austria, I, 79; Brazil, I, 159;
Germany, I, 327; Mexico, II, 59;
Switzerland, II, 275.
Commercial paper: Australia, I, 46;
Austria, I, 79; Canada, I, 206;
Switzerland, II, 275.
Conciliation in industrial disputes:
Australia, I, 47.
Conflicts of jurisdiction: Austria, I, 84;
Belgium, I, 142; Brazil, I, 167; Chile,
I, 252; Netherlands, II, 93, 111;
Switzerland, II, 279, 286.
Congo Independent State, I, 127, note.
Constitution, amendment of: Argentine
Nation, I, 9; Australia, I, 67, 68;
Austria, I, 81, 82; Belgium, I, 139,
146; Brazil, I, 178, 179; Canadian
provinces, I, 207; Chile, I, 262-64;
Denmark, I, 280; France, I, 288, 294;
Germany, I, 323, 351; Hungary, I,
91; Italy, II, 3; Japan, II, 32, 33, 35;
Mexico, II, 77; Netherlands, II, 118;
Norway, II, 143; Portugal, II, 174,
175; Russia, II, 183, 192; Sweden, II,
234, 240; Swiss Cantons, II, 258;
Switzerland, II, 287-89; United
States, II, 305; interpretation, Chile,
I, 262; interpretation, Sweden, II,
240; inviolability of, Mexico, II, 77;
not to be suspended, Belgium, I,
146.
Consular service: Germany, I, 327, 343.
Copyright: Argentine Nation, I, 6;
Australia, I, 47; Austria, I, 79;
Brazil, I, 160, 174, 175; Canada, I,
206; Chile, I, 260; Germany, I,
327; Switzerland, II, 275; United
States, II, 298.
Corporations: Australia, I, 47; Canada,
I, 208.
Cortes, see Portugal, Spain.
Courts, see under the several countries,
and Administrative courts, Military
courts, Unconstitutional legislation.
Criminal law: Argentine Nation, I, 16,
29; Austria, I, 79; Brazil, I, 159;
Canada, I, 206; Germany, I, 328;
Netherlands, II, 110; Norway, II,
140; Portugal, II, 177; Spain, II, 213;
Switzerland, II, 275.
Criminal procedure: Canada, I, 206;
Mexico, II, 44, 45. See also Pro-
cedure.
Croatia: Croatian member of Hunga-
rian ministry, I, 95, note; representa-
tion in Hungarian Table of Magnates,
I, 100, 103, 104; use of Croatian
language in Hungarian Diet, I, 104,
note; representation in Hungarian
House of Representatives, I, 106.
Crown, see the several countries.
Custom-houses, establishment of: Ar-
gentine Nation, I, 16, 29; Brazil, I,
158; Chile, I, 236; Mexico, I, 68, 74.
Customs duties: Argentine Nation, I,
4, 15; Australia, I, 49, 53, 57, 58-61,
64; Austria, I, 78; Austria-Hungary,
I, 115, 123; Brazil, I, 151; Canada, I,
214; Germany, I, 323, 327, 329, 334-
37; Mexico, II, 59, 74, 76; Switzer-
land, II, 263, 264; United States, II,
297, 300. See also Taxation.
Deadlock between two houses of legis-
lature, methods of avoiding: Argen-
tine Nation, I, 19; Australia, I, 49,
50; Austria, I, 81; Brazil, I, 161;
Chile, I, 239, 240; Norway, II, 137,
Portugal, II, 157, 158; Sweden, II,
Death penalty: Argentine Nation, I, 7;
Brazil, I, 174; Mexico, II, 44; Portu-
gal, II, 177; Switzerland, II, 275.
Debt, public: Argentine Nation, I, 15;
Australia, I, 46; Austria, I, 78, 83;
Austria-Hungary, I, 116; Brazil, I,
157, 177; Canada, I, 205, 211, 212,
213; Chile, I, 236; Germany, I, 349;
Italy, II, 8; Japan, II, 31; Mexico,
II, 59, 74; Netherlands, II, 114;
Norway, II, 136; Portugal, II, 149,
173, 178; Russia, II, 193, 194;
Spain, II, 215; Sweden, II, 235, 236,
238, 250; United States, II, 297, 306,
311.
Debt, imprisonment for: Mexico, II, 43;
Switzerland, II, 274.
Declaration of rights, see Bills of rights.
Denmark-
-Council of State: government by,
during King's disability, I, 268;
composition and powers of, I, 269.
-Court of Impeachment: trial of
ministers by, I, 269; organization and
powers, I, 276, 277; procedure, I, 281.
-Courts: powers of, I, 276, 277; re-
moval of judges, I, 277; public trials,
I, 277; removal or transfer of judges,
I, 281.
-Folkething: impeachment of minis-
ters by, I, 269; apportionment and
election of members, I, 271, 272;
qualifications of members, I, 271;
term, I, 271; budgetary law first
considered by, I, 274; impeachment
of ministers by, I, 277.
-Form of government, I, 267.
-King: full age of, I, 267; oath, I, 267;
conduct of government during King's
disability, I, 268; civil list, I, 268;
irresponsibility of, I, 268; powers, I,
268, 269-71; action in Council of
State or Council of ministers, I, 269;
King's power with reference to legis-
lation, I, 270, 271.
-Landsthing: composition of, I, 272,
280; election of members, I, 272, 273;
life members, I, 273; term of elected
members, I, 273; election of mem-
bers to Court of Impeachment, I, 276.
-Local government, I, 280.
-Ministers: responsibility of, I, 268;
appointment and dismissal of, I, 268;
impeachment of, I, 269, 271, 277;
their right to appear and speak in
Rigsdag, I, 275.
-Rigsdag: legislative power vested in,
together with King, I, 267; action
with reference to King's disability or
a vacancy of the throne, I, 268;
sessions, I, 270; dissolution, I, 270;
composition, I, 271; sessions and
place of meeting, I, 273; immunities
of members, I, 273, 275; powers and
privileges of the two houses, I, 273,
274; control over appropriations and
expenditures, I, 274; procedure, I,
274, 275, 276; oath of members, I,
275; members not bound by instruc-
tions, I, 275; right of ministers to
appear in, I, 275; officers, I, 276;
quorum, I, 276; public sessions, I,
276; joint meeting of two houses as
united Rigsdag, I, 276.
Diplomatic relations, see Foreign re-
lations, Treaties.
Domicile, inviolability of: Argentine
Nation, I, 6; Austria, I, 72; Belgium,
I, 128; Brazil, I, 173; Chile, I, 259;
Denmark, I, 278; Italy, II, 8; Japan,
II, 26; Mexico, II, 43; Netherlands,
II, 111; Portugal, II, 176; Russia,
II, 187; Spain, II, 200, 201; Sweden,
II, 223; United States, II, 307.
Education: Argentine Nation, I, 17;
Austria, I, 74, 79; Belgium, I, 129;
Brazil, I, 159, 160; Canada, I, 208,
209; Chile, I, 260; Denmark, I, 279;
Mexico, II, 40; Netherlands, II,
117, 118; Portugal, II, 179; Spain,
II, 201, 202; Switzerland, II, 263,
290. See also Teaching, liberty of.
Elections, see Suffrage.
Emigration: Australia, I, 47; Austria, I,
72; Germany, I, 327, 344.
Eminent domain: Argentine Nation,
I, 6; Australia, I, 47; Austria, I, 72;
Belgium, I, 128; Chile, I, 231; Den-
mark, I, 279; Italy, II, 8; Japan, II,
26; Mexico, II, 45; Netherlands, II,
110, 119; Norway, II, 142; Portugal,
II, 178; Russia, II, 187; Spain, II,
201; Switzerland, II, 262.
Equality: Argentine Nation, I, 6;
Austria, I, 71; Belgium, I, 127;
Brazil, I, 172; Chile, I, 230; Den-
mark, I, 280; Italy, II, 7, 8; Japan,
II, 26; Mexico, II, 42; Netherlands,
II, 81; Portugal, II, 177; Switzer-
land, II, 258.
Ex-post-facto laws: Brazil, I, 153;
Chile, I, 257; Mexico, II, 42; Nor-
way, II, 141; Portugal, II, 175;
Russia, II, 189; United States, II,
299, 300.
Expropriation, see Eminent domain.
Extradition: Brazil, I, 170; Mexico, II,
43, 74; Switzerland, II, 276; United
States, II, 304.
Finance: Australia, I, 56-61; Austria,
I, 78; Austria-Hungary, I, 115, 116,
122, 123; Belgium, I, 138, 143, 144;
Canada, I, 211-14; Chile, I, 247;
Germany, I, 348, 349; Japan, II,
30-32; Netherlands, II, 92, 114, 115;
Portugal, II, 172, 173; Sweden, II,
235-37; Switzerland, II, 269. See
also Bank, national; Customs duties;
Debt, public; Taxation.
Finland, II, 182.
Fishing and hunting: Australia, I, 46;
Canada, I, 206; Switzerland, II, 262.
Foreign relations: Argentine Nation, I,
17, 24; Australia, I, 47; Austria, I,
78, 88; Austria-Hungary, I, 114, 115;
Brazil, I, 158, 164, 165; Canada, I,
216; Chile, I, 247; Denmark, I 270;
France, I, 287, 292; Germany, I,
330, 331; Italy, II, 5; Japan, II,
25; Mexico, II, 43, 60, 68, 70;
Netherlands, II, 90, 91; Norway, II,
127, 136; Portugal, II, 163, 168;
Russia, II, 184; Spain, II, 210, 211;
Sweden, II, 221, 222, 227; Switzer-
land, II, 258, 259, 283; United States,
II, 298, 299, 300, 302, 303. See also
Treaties; War, declaration of.
France-
-Chamber of Deputies: election by
universal suffrage, I, 286; dissolution,
I, 287; initiation of money bills in,
I, 290; sessions, I, 290, 291; public
sessions, I, 292; impeachment of
president or of ministers by, I, 293;
immunities of deputies, I, 293, 294;
election of deputies, I, 302-8, 316, 317,
318; qualifications of deputies, I, 303;
persons ineligible as deputies, I, 303-6;
public officers who are eligible as
deputies, I, 304, 305; deputies not
bound by instructions, I, 306;
scrutin d'arrondissement and scrutin
de liste, I, 306, 316, 318; term of
deputies, I, 307; salary, I, 307;
preservation of external safety of
Chamber, I, 309, 310; apportion-
ment of deputies, I, 316, 318; mem-
bers of families that have reigned in
France ineligible as deputies, I, 317;
candidatures in more than one district
forbidden, I, 318, 319.
-Councilors of state: appointment and
removal, I, 287.
-Ministers: acts of President required
to be countersigned by a minister, I,
287; responsibility of, for conduct
of government, I, 287, 288; have
entrance to both houses, I, 292; im-
peachment, I, 293; eligible as depu-
ties, I, 304, 305.
-National Assembly: election of Presi-
dent by, I, 286, 291; revision of con-
stitution by, I, 288; officers of, I, 293;
sessions held at Versailles, I, 309.
-President: election and term, I, 286,
291; powers, I, 286, 287, 292; re-
sponsibility of, I, 287; new election in
case of vacancy, I, 287, 288, 294;
members of families that have reigned
in France ineligible to presidency, I,
288; communications with legisla-
tive bodies, I, 292; promulgation of
laws by, I, 292; impeachment, I,
-Senate: composition, I, 286; its
advice regarding dissolution of Cham-
ber of Deputies, I, 287; election of
senators, I, 289, 293, 295-302, 310-
16; term, I, 290, 313; legislative
powers, I, 290; Senate as a court of
justice, I, 290, 291, 293; sessions, I,
290, 291; publicity of sessions, I, 292;
trial of impeachments by, I, 293;
immunities of senators, I, 293, 294;
organization, I, 294; political meet-
ings for the nomination of senators, I,
298, 315; offices incompatible with
that of senator, I, 300, 317; persons
who may not be elected senators, I,
300, 301, 312; salary of senators, I,
301; preservation of external safety
of Senate, I, 309, 310; apportionment
of senators, I, 310, 311; qualifications
of senators, I, 312; members of fami-
lies that have reigned in France ineli-
gible as senators, I, 312.
Germany-
-Alsace-Lorraine, I, 323.
-Baden: taxation of brandy in, I, 323,
335, 336.
-Bavaria: state control of domicile
and settlement in, I, 327; railways,
I, 327; postal and telegraph affairs,
I, 328, 341, 342; special provision as
to membership of committees of
Bundesrat, I, 330; taxation of brandy
in, I, 323, 335, 336; railways, I, 339;
military affairs, I, 348, 349.
-Bremen and Hamburg: their relation
to German customs system, I, 323,
335, 336.
-Bundesrat: sessions, I, 323, 331;
quorum, I, 328; deciding vote of
Prussia in case of difference of opinion
in, I, 328, 329; composition of, I,
328, 329; powers, I, 329; voting in,
I, 329; committees, I, 329, 330;
members have right to appear in
Reichstag, I, 330; diplomatic pro-
tection of members of the Bundesrat,
I, 330; power with reference to dec-
larations of war and to treaties, I,
331; initiation of laws by, I, 331;
settlement of disputes between states
by, I, 350; action by, with reference
to denial of justice in a state, I, 350,
351.
-Emperor: appointment of military
and naval committees of Bundesrat,
I, 330; king of Prussia as, I, 330;
powers, I, 330, 331, 332; has control
of imperial telegraph and postal
systems, I, 240; supreme command
of army vested in, I, 342, 346, 347.
-Imperial chancellor: substitutes of,
I, 323; appointment and powers,
I, 331, 332.
-Laws: promulgation of, I, 326, 331;
laws of empire have precedence over
state laws, I, 326; decrees for the en-
forcement of, I, 331.
-Legislature: powers of imperial, I,
327, 335, 349; composition of, I, 328;
quorum of two houses of, I, 328.
-Prussia: has deciding vote in Bundes-
rat, I, 328, 329, 336; king of Prussia
as German emperor, I, 330.
-Reichstag: quorum, I, 328, 333;
power with reference to treaties, I,
331; sessions, I, 331; election of
members, I, 332; publicity of pro-
ceedings, I, 333; initiation of laws by,
I, 333; term, dissolution, and adjourn-
ments, I, 333; control over its internal
organization and procedure, I, 333;
members not bound by instructions,
I, 334; immunities of members, I,
334; salaries, I, 334.
-Saxony: has a representative on
committee of Bundesrat on foreign
affairs, I, 330.
-States: enumeration, of I, 325;
rights of citizens of one state in other
states, I, 326; enforcement of con-
stitutional duties of, I, 332; free traffic
between, I, 334; collection of imperial
customs and consumption taxes by,
I, 335; vessels of one state to be ac-
corded equal treatment on waterways
of other states, I, 343; state consul-
ates abolished, I, 343; contributions
of, for imperial expenses, I, 348;
settlement of disputes between, I, 350.
-Württemberg: postal and telegraph
affairs in, I, 328, 341, 342; has a
representative on committee of Bun-
desrat on foreign affairs, I, 330; taxa-
tion of brandy in, I, 323, 335, 336;
military affairs, I, 348.
Habeas corpus: Brazil, I, 169, 174;
United States, II, 299.
Health, see Public health.
Herzegovina, see Austria-Hungary.
Hungary, see also Austria-Hungary.
-Council of State, I, 95, 96.
-Diet: ministers have seats in and
must furnish information to, when re-
quested, I, 96; approval of budget
by, I, 97, 98; annual sessions, I, 98;
term of diet, elections, and dissolu-
tion, I, 98; publicity of sessions, I,
99; preservation of order in sessions,
I, 99, 100; rules of procedure, I, 100;
Magyar the legislative language, I,
-House of Representatives: impeach-
ment of ministers by, I, 97; officers, I,
99; composition, I, 105, 106; per-
sons ineligible to House, I, 106, note;
qualifications for voting in the election
of representatives, I, 106-11; per-
sons eligible as representatives, I, 111.
-King: inviolability of, I, 93; powers
exercised through a responsible min-
istry, I, 94; minister attached to per-
son of the king, I, 94, 96; approval of
laws by, I, 98.
-Ministers: responsibility of, I, 94;
ministry sits at Budapest, I, 94; com-
position of ministry and appointment
of ministers, I, 94, 95; president of
the ministry, I, 95; have seats in the
two houses of Diet, I, 96; required to
furnish information to Diet when re-
quested to do so, I, 96; ministers have
vote in Diet only when members, I,
97; impeachment and trial of, I, 97;
trial for offenses not of an official
character, I, 97.
-Table of Magnates: choice of an
impeachment court by, I, 97; officers
of, I, 99; composition of, I, 100–103;
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