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BIOGRAPHICAL AND GENEALOGICAL NOTES CONCERNING THE FAMILY OF PHILIPPE DE MANDEVILLE ECUYER SIEUR DE MARIGNY.

1709-1910.

Compiled for the Louisiana Historical Society by J. W. Cruzat.

The Marigny family has its origin in the ancient Province of Normandy, which was divided in 1791 into five departments, viz: Seine Inférieure, Eure, Calvados, Orne and Manche.

In each of the four last named departments is found a locality called Mandeville, from one of which, presumably the one in Calvados, comes the name of Mandeville, borne by the subjects of this sketch.

ARMS.

The Philippe de Marigny family bear for arms, "d'azur au chevron d'or accompagné en chef d'un croissant d'argent à dextre, et d'une étoile de même à senestre, et en pointe d'un cygne aussi d'argent."

To Pierre Philippe, Sieur de Marigny, were issued letters of nobility, as appears by letter patent signed Louis and Phelipeau, dated in Paris in 1654 and registered "à la cour des aydes et comptes de Rouen," January 27th, 1656.

By another letter patent issued at St. Germain en Laye, March 16th, 1671, signed Louis and Colbert, the title of Sieur de Hautmesnil was conferred on his son, Jean Vincent Philippe, for services rendered "en la Nouvelle France."

The first of the name of whom we have any data in Louisiana is François Philippe de Marigny de Mandeville, Chevalier de St. Louis, born at Bayeux, Normandy. He married Marie Madeleine Le Maire, daughter of Pierre Le Maire and Marguerite Lamothe, native de Paris, Paroisse de St. Sulpice.

He was an officer of infantry in Canada in 1709, and afterwards "Commandant des Troupes en Louisiane." On his arrival here in 1709 we find him siding with the Curé de la Vente

and the Intendant La Salle, against Bienville. In 1714 he received his commission as Captain, and later was made Chevalier de St. Louis. On his return to Louisiana from France, with d'Arensbourg, June 4th, 1722, he was placed in command of Fort Condé, near Mobile. He was subsequently transferred to New Orleans, as Major de Place, died there October 24th, 1728, and was interred in the Parish Church of St. Louis.

In 1729 his widow remarried François Ignace Broutin, "Capitaine Ingénieur du Roi en cette Colonie, et Commandant des Natches." Of this marriage were born several children, amongst whom two daughters. One married Jean Joseph Delfau de Pontalba and the other Louis Xavier Delino de Chalmette.

By her marriage with Marigny she had one son, namely: Antoine Philippe, Ecuyer Sieur de Marigny de Mandeville, Chevalier de St. Louis, born in Mobile February 28, 1722. He had for godparents de Chateaugué, brother of Bienville, and Marguerite Le Sueur, wife of Nicolas Chauvin de Lafrénière and mother of Lafrénière, the so-called "martyr."

Antoine Philippe married, on January 8th, 1748, Françoise de Lisle. He died in New Orleans November 6th, 1779, and was interred in the Church of St. Louis.

An expert geographer and enterprising explorer, we are indebted to him for a chart of Louisiana in 1763, still extant in the archives de la Marine in Paris; to him is also due a survey of the Southwest coast of Louisiana, undertaken at his own expense.

Having, with others, espoused the cause of Rochemore against Kerlérec, he was sent back to France with Grondel et al.; upon promise of submission he was pardoned. On the arrival of Kerlérec in Paris, they, however, published a pamphlet against him. Upon his complaint they were sent to the Bastille, April 30th, 1765, and remained there until May 24th following. After his release he and his fellowcoagitators made counter charges against Kerlérec, and after

due trial the latter was in turn condemned to exile, not to approach Paris nearer than thirty leagues.

By his marriage with Françoise de Lisle Antoine de Marigny had two children, Pierre Enguerrand de Marigny and Madeleine Philippe de Marigny, born May 19th, 1754.

Pierre Enguerrand Philippe de Mandeville, Ecuyer Sieur de Marigny, Chevalier de St. Louis, Captain of infantry in the service of Spain, was born in New Orleans, June 15th, 1750. He married July 14th, 1772, Jeanne Marie d'Estrehan, daughter of Jean Baptiste d'Estrehan, Treasurer for the King in New Orleans, and of Catherine de Gauvry. She had a brother married to Miss Maxent (subsequently the wife of Bernardo de Galvez), a sister married to Boré de Mauleon (Etienne), and another to Favre d'Aunoy.

Pierre Philippe de Marigny was commander of the new town of Galvez, near Baton Rouge, Colonel of militia, Commandant à la Côte des Allemands and Plaquemine, and Alcalde in New Orleans in 1791 and 1792.

On March 11th, 1790, he bought from de Reano a plantation, six arpents front by eighty-eight deep, situated on the river front, between the Saulet and Enould de Livaudais plantations. In 1792, April 14th, he purchased from F. E. Livaudais another above this lot. In 1794 Livaudais sold the part of the upper tract reserved by him, two arpents five toises front by forty deep, to Ignace Delino Chalmette, who, on October 3rd, 1800, sold the same to Juan de Marigny (son of Pierre), who thus became owner of the two upper tracts of the Jesuit Plantation. His plantation house was in the square bounded by St. John the Baptist, now St. Thomas, on which it fronted, in the rear on Pacanier, now Chippewa, between Robin and Race, the grounds fronting on the river.. Bernard Marigny inherited this whole tract (ten acres front) by will, jointly with Marie Celeste Marigny, wife of J. B. F. Livaudais, from Juan Marigny, their brother.

In December, 1798, Pierre de Marigny added to his other estates the plantation of Lorenzo Sigur, near Fort St. Charles.

On this site he erected a sawmill, connecting it with Bayou St. John by a canal, remnants of which still exist. This plantation comprised what is now part of the Seventh and Eighth Wards of New Orleans.

In 1798 he had the honor of receiving and entertaining with great solemnity and magnificence the Duke of Orleans (later Louis Philippe de France), and his two brothers, the Duke of Montpensier and the Count of Beaujolais.

Pierre Philippe de Marigny died at his country home May 14th, 1800. His body was transferred to the home of Mrs. Dn. Andrés Almonester, whence it was interred in the St. Louis Cathedral. His funeral notice was as follows:

Messieurs et Dames:

Vous êtes priés d'assister au convoi et à l'enterrement de feu M. Dn. Pedro de Marigny, Colonel de Milice, décédé cet après midi à une heure, dans sa maison.

L'enterrement se fera demain à 7 heures du matin. Son corps sera exposé chez Mme. Dn. Andres Almonastére (sic).

Nouvelle-Orleans ce 14 Mai, 1800.

Un de Profundis, S. V. P.

By his marriage he left five children:

1. Antoine, born April 27th, 1773.

2. Jean, born January 21st, 1781, died aged twenty-five, without issue.

3. Bernard, born in 1785.

4. Marie Celeste, baptised February 2nd, 1786, godparents Etienne Boré and Celeste Macarty, wife of Governor Miro. She married, November 27th, 1797, Jacques Enould de Livaudais, Captain of Militia, etc.

5. Antoine, born February 27, 1787; no issue.

Bernard Xavier Philippe de Marigny de Mandeville, son

of Pierre de Marigny and Jeanne d'Estrehan, was born in New Orleans October 28, 1785. Godparents, Joseph Xavier Delfau de Pontalba and Josephine de St. Maxent, standing for her sister Felicité, Countess de Galvez, wife of Bernardo de Galvez, Viceroy of Mexico.

Upon the death of his father he was sent by his tutor, Ignace Delino de Chalmette, to England, and placed under the care of Mr. Leslie, resident partner of the commercial house of Panton, Leslie & Co., of Pensacola, Fla.

In 1803 we find him in New Orleans, where, with the munificence characteristic of the family, he entertains Laussat, Napoleon's plenipotentiary for the transfer of Louisiana.

His home, in 1815, was to have been a refuge for Marshal Ney, as appears from the following extract of the letter of introduction from Pontalba, found on the Marshal at the time of his arrest:

"He will leave you. . . if after several days he perceives. that his presence leads you to extravagant expenses, such as happened when, upon my recommendation, you so lavishly received Mr. Laussat."

On October 23rd, 1811, at the marriage of Baron de Pontalba and Micaela Almonester, Colonel Bernard de Marigny, as the representative of Marshal Ney, gave the bride away; the record being signed by the Cavallero de Macarty, Ignace Delino de Chalmette, La Selve de St. Avid, and Mme. de Vergés de St. Sauveur.

Among the estates left by his father, Mr. Marigny owned the charming property of "Fontainebleau," near Mandeville. Possessed of ample means, he lived as became his rank; of a chivalrous temperament, he always sided with the weak. As an instance we may be pardoned for quoting in extenso his speech in the convention at New Orleans, La., in 1845, in defense of Pierre Soulé, rebuking Judah P. Benjamin, which speech was the death knell of American exclusiveness in Louisiana. Said he: "Sir, contrary to all parliamentary usage you call upon the other distinguished member from

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