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FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES

PUBLICATIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

PAPERS RELATING TO THE
FOREIGN RELATIONS

OF THE UNITED STATES

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For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C.

Price $1.75 ctoth)

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PREFACE

The quantity and special interest of the papers relating to Russia in the revolutionary period have made it appear convenient and proper to collect them in a special series of volumes, as has been done with the papers relating to the World War. Those for the years 1917-18 have been grouped in three volumes, each separately indexed, according to the following topical scheme.

Volume I, "Political Affairs and Diplomatic Relations," deals with the transformations of the central government, its relations with foreign governments, and the attitude of the United States and other governments toward the successive régimes and their policies. Documents concerning primarily the discussion of war aims and general peace terms, however, are included in the supplements relating to the World War, as indicated by cross references.

Volume II, "Disintegration and Foreign Intervention," deals with the various regional movements of opposition to the Soviet régime and of national separatism, the military action of the Allied and American governments in different parts of Russia, and their relations with local organizations. Affairs of northern Manchuria, although outside Russian territory, are treated in connection with those of eastern Siberia, from which they are inseparable. On the other hand, Poland, being cut off from all immediate connection with Russia by the Austro-German occupation, is left to be dealt with in the supplements relating to the World War.

Volume III," Economic Relations," treats principally of financial affairs, commercial relations, and American assistance in the operation of Russian railways, involving necessarily the Chinese Eastern Railway.

Within each topical section the papers are arranged, with few exceptions for evident special reasons, according to the dates under which they were sent; dates of receipt of incoming papers are also given whenever indicated on the original texts. An arrangement placing incoming documents chronologically in the order of their receipt, as followed in the supplements relating to the World War, would have resulted in an unintelligible confusion of events, on account of the varying and often prolonged periods required for the transmission of despatches and even of telegrams. The latter were at times relayed by other diplomatic or consular offices than the one of origin-in some cases through two or three stages-before

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