References are to sections.

NAVIGABLE WATERS (continued) —

rivers, 6.

when states may make rules for, 4.
canals are, when, 8.

use of, 169.

tide not a test of navigability, 5.
jurisdiction over, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.

foreign waters, 10.

see LIMITED LIABILITY; RULES FOR NAVIGATION.

NAVIGATION

of narrow channels, 143, 86, page 78.

of harbors, 19., 157

rules of 1864, page 49.

rules of 1885, page 55.

rules of 1890, page 63.

for navigation of Great Lakes, page 72.

navigation of western rivers, inspectors' rules, pages 79, 85, 141, 148.

Hell Gate, 82.

in bend of river, 145.

near docks and piers, 49, 154.

eastern rivers, 153.

East river, 155.

hugging shore, 144, 149.

in fog, 146, page 87, 44, 42, page 68, page 59.

navigable channels, anchoring in, 111.

contrary to law, 155.

of rafts, page 91, 137.

near bridges, page 86, 143.
inland, 140.

NEGLIGENCE-

defined, 187.

-

comparative, 191.
contributory, 190.
imputed, 229.

gross, 192,

evidence of, 187.

presumption of, 186.

burden of proof, 186.

of lookouts, 172, 175, 176, 183, 184.

failure to observe approach, 175.

of charterer, 178.

defective appliances, 179.
insufficient manning, 180.

of officers, 181.

References are to sections.

NEGLIGENCE (continued) —

of master, 182, 229.
of seamen, 183.

of fellow-servants, 184.
unseaworthiness, 185.
proximate cause, 188.

when one is at fault, 189.

when both are at fault, 190.
division of damages, 191, 193.
when neither is at fault, 194.
inevitable accident, 195.
in extremis, 196.

privity of owner, 229.

of tugs and tows, 122, 126, 128.

change of course,

NOTICE-

60.

see RIVER NAVIGATION, 147; SUCTION AND DISPLACEMENT WAVE

petition for limitation of liability, 217; admiraity rule 57.

PIERS-

References are to sections.

navigating near, 49, 95.

see JURISDICTION; COLLISION; FIXED STRUCTURES.

PILOTS-

boats, pages 57, 66, 67; 163.

on western rivers, 142, page 85.

inspectors' rules, page 81.

pilots, 162.

pilotage, admiralty rule 14.

POLICE REGULATIONS, 4, 21.
see HARBOR NAVIGATION.

PORT REGULATIONS, 21, 158.

POSSESSORY —

actions, 4.

admiralty rule 20.

PRECEDENCE-

tugs and tows, 138.

PRESUMPTIONS, 120.

in favor of vessel complying with the law, 93.
tugs and tows, 139.

PRIVITY OF OWNER

limited liability, 229.

PROCESS-

admiralty rule 9.

summary, 4.

-

in personam, admiralty rule 2, page 419.

issuance of, page 419.

service of, admiralty rule 1.

PRO CONFESSO-

admiralty rule 29.

PROFITS -

estimated on cargo, 203.

anticipated, 202.