1956, and to this day they are being punished for their effort to free themselves from Communist totalitarianism.

Today, in observing the sad anniversary of Communist terror in Hungary, we honor the memory of those brave Hungarians who, in defiance of ruthless communism, fought and died for Hungary's cause-freedom and independ

ence.

Tributes to Senator Yarborough

EXTENSION OF REMARKS

OF

HON. HUBERT H. HUMPHREY

OF MINNESOTA

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

Wednesday, November 6, 1963

Mr. HUMPHREY. Mr. President, recently in the great State of Texas one of our esteemed and distinguished colleagues, the senior Senator from Texas, RALPH YARBOROUGH, received an outstanding testimonial, not only in the form of an outpouring of Texas support and friendship, but in the form of strong endorsements for his reelection from a number of distinguished Americans.

The President of the United States sent a message on film to the October 19 testimonial dinner for Senator YARBOROUGH, which I commend to my colleagues.

The Postmaster General, John A. Gronouski, delivered the principal address at the dinner and his message to those congregated in in Senator YARBOROUGH'S honor was a heartening and encouraging one.

Among other vivid statements in support of the senior Senator from Texas was a salute to Senator YARBOROUGH by Texas most distinguished man of letters, J. Frank Dobie.

Mr. President, I know that every friend and admirer of Senator YARBOROUGH and his friends are legionwill rejoice in the sentiments expressed by the President, by the Postmaster General, and by Mr. Dobie. They are typical of the feeling that is widely shared here in the Senate for this warm, good man, whom we confidently expect will be returned to the Senate next year with an overwhelming vote of confidence from his fellow Texans.

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that there be printed in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the text of the message from the President of the United States to the friends of RALPH YARBOROUGH at Austin, Tex., October 19, 1963; the remarks of Postmaster General John A. Gronouski on that same date; and the text, "Salute to Senator RALPH YARBOROUGH" by J. Frank Dobie of Texas.

There being no objection, the tributes were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:

TEXT OF PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY'S MESSAGE ON FILM TO THE FRIENDS OF RALPH YARBOROUGH'S STATEWIDE TEXAS SALUTE, AUSTIN, TEX., OCTOBER 19, 1963

I am delighted to have this opportunity to join all of you in paying tribute to our

mutual friend RALPH YARBOROUGH, the senior Senator from the State of Texas. RALPH YARBOROUGH speaks for Texas in the U.S.

Senate, and he also speaks for our Nation, and he speaks for progress for our people.

I could talk about some of the things that RALPH YARBOROUGH has done, about his work in education, education for all Americans, for veterans, for hospital care under social security, for an income tax cut to stimulate our economy and provide jobs for our people, for the nuclear test ban treaty, a step toward peace for human liberties, for the goals that bind Democrats together in this State and all over the Union.

But I shall mention two items which you might remember.

The first is my recollection of September 1961 when Hurricane Carla struck Texas. Before the tidal waves receded RALPH YARBOROUGH was at the door of the White House; before the winds died down, he was walking in the debris of the battered cities and towns on the gulf coast of Texas, asking, "What can I do to help?"

Second, I remember his fight for the bill to establish a national seashore recreational area on Padre Island. It's a shocking fact that this Nation, this great country of ours with over 60,000 miles of seashore, has only a few hundred miles of shoreline actually available for the enjoyment and the use of most of our people for the general public. That's why I took such pleasure on September 28 of last year in signing into law the bill establishing the Padre Island National Seashore Park, and I took pleasure, also, in handing one of the pens to RALPH YARBOROUGH.

My fellow Democrats, this is a time when all of us who believe in government for the people, who believe in progress for our country, who believe in a fair chance for all of our citizens, who believe in the growth of Texas, who believe in the development of the United States, who believe in a strong United States as a great bulwark for freedom, who believe in a United States which is second to none in space, on the sea, on the land, a United States which stands for progress-all of those-I think RALPH YARBOROUGH stands with them.

who are working with RALPH YARBOROUGH to And it's a pleasure to salute all of you make a better State and a better country. Thank you.

ADDRESS BY JOHN A. GRONOUSKI, POSTMASTER GENERAL, AT THE APPRECIATION DINNER FOR SENATOR RALPH W. YARBOROUGH, AUSTIN, TEX., OCTOBER 19, 1963

It is a pleasure to greet so many fellow Democrats at this great salute to my friend, RALPH YARBOROUGH.

Even though I am still new in my job as Postmaster General, and have a lot to learn and do in Washington, I wanted to be a part of this testimonial to RALPH. I have known and admired Senator YARBOROUGH'S work for a long time. RALPH YARBOROUGH is a big man in a typically Texas way-dynamic, generous, a tireless worker, and tenacious fighter for his constituents.

Our country is fortunate in having great Texans in Washington contributing to the welfare of our Nation. Vice President JOHNSON has been a magnificent ambassador of good will to the many nations in which he has traveled all over the world. At home, he has provided dynamic leadership in the Nation's space effort. And under his guidance as Chairman of the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunities, enormous strides have been made in the field of human rights.

The British philosopher, Edmund Burke, in a classic statement on the functioning of a representative of the people in a democracy, said: "It ought to be the happiness and glory of a representative to live in the strictest union, the closest correspondence,

and the most unreserved communication with his constituents."

That describes RALPH YARBOROUGH. I doubt there is any man in Congress who maintains a closer communication with his constituents and who gives their business more undivided attention. Even after the busiest weeks of Senate work, he is back down here in Texas on weekends talking to people, listening to their views, and finding out their problems.

RALPH has lost none of the interest in the underdog, or in the needs of the economically or socially disadvantaged, which he demonstrated in his years as a teacher, lawyer, and judge. He is never too busy to give his time and attention to an individual's problems.

RALPH makes up his own mind. He has never been swerved by pressures or special interests, once he has concluded what is best for Texas. He has, however, never been narrow or parochial in his interests. He has judged each issue in the context of the whole Nation's welfare.

RALPH has been one of the Senate's most vigorous fighters for progressive legislation and a steadfast supporter of President Kennedy's programs.

I know of RALPH'S excellent work on mat

ters relating to the postal service through his position on the Post Office and Civil Service Committee. He has worked hard for legislation to attract the most highly qualified workers to the Federal Government. He has also worked for Federal pay scales more in line with those paid in private industry and to improve the Federal employees retirement program.

It would take all evening to mention the many significant contributions RALPH has made during his service in the Senate. I shall mention only a few of the most important. He was author and chief proponent of the law which created Padre Island National Seashore Area. He was coauthor

of the National Defense Education Act of 1958, which has expanded the educational opportunities of thousands of young Americans.

RALPH was also one of the leading sponsors of the recently enacted Medical Education Act, which provides funds for medical and dental school construction and loans to medical and dental students.

He has been a leader in the Senate on veterans' affairs. Some 15 laws bearing his name have been enacted in behalf of veterans. He has been a legislative leader in programs for soil and water conservation, rural electrification loans, and agricultural research.

Obviously, Senator YARBOROUGH is a man who is doing things, and who is accomplishing things. He has not let the complex and often baffling problems that face us in the latter part of the 20th century dismay him. He is giving Texas hard work and solutions, not slogans and ballyhoo.

This is in the great tradition of the Democratic Party. We Democrats belong to the oldest political party in the world. I think that our party has lasted so long, and is filled with strength and vitality today, precisely because its political philosophy has always been to look forward. Thomas Jefferson wrote: "I like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past."

Ralph Waldo Emerson once said that throughout our history the two political parties have always been divided into a party of hope and into a party of memory.

The Democratic Party has always been the party of hope. Today it is still the party of men like RALPH YARBOROUGH, who have confidence in the future. People who appreciate the rapid pace of events in the modern world, who realize the need for strong, affirmative, imaginative action, still look to the Democratic Party for leadership. And they have good reasons. They have not been disappointed.

President Kennedy promised to get this country moving again. He is making it move again. When this administration came into office, the Nation's spirit and economy were both sagging. Today they are revitalized.

We are in the 32d month of economic expansion, one of the longest sustained peacetime booms in our history. Employment now exceeds 70 million people. The Nation's income and output are both at an all-time high. For the first time in our history, the average wage of factory workers now exceeds $100 a week. Inflation has been held in check, so that larger pay envelopes represent a real increase in purchasing power.

These achievements have not come about easily. As you know, there are powerful men and interests in this country who always reject social progress, who reject every proposal directed at the general welfare, who stand ready to fight any new gains for the average working American and his family.

Let me read you a few familiar arguments: "1. It should be left to private enterprise, since public coverage would remove the enterprise and competition of individuals;

"2. If public funds are utilized, political bureaucracy will be rampant;

"3. A scheme of universal tax-supported coverage at the expense of the state is socialism;

"4. Universal tax-supported coverage will destroy initiative and ambition, and there will thus be a premium for comparative idleness, to be taken out of the pockets of the laborious and conscientious."

Are these arguments that were used against social security in 1936? Are these arguments that were used against medicare or against Federal aid to education in 1963? They might have been. They sound familiar. But in actuality, all of these statements were made 132 years ago by opponents of taxsupported public schools. They appeared in the Philadelphia National Gazette in 1830. Unemployment relief, wage and hour laws, the abolition of child labor, the Social Security Act, and the Federal Employment Service were originally met by the same hostility, the same false slogans, the same specious arguments that are being employed against President Kennedy's progressive programs today.

Let me point out some of President Kennedy's dramatic accomplishments here in the past 22 years:

The minimum wage was raised to $1.25 an hour and the minimum wage law extended to cover 32 million additional workers. It was the first time since 1938 that new workers came under the protection of the minimum wage law.

The social security system was improved with increased minimum benefits, broadened coverage, and the optional retirement age for men set at 62.

Unemployment benefits were extended for 2.8 million workers who had exhausted their regular benefits.

The Housing Act of 1961, the most comprehensive and far reaching housing program in congressional history, was passed. It provides major expansion of urban renewal, public housing, aid to local mass transit, and larger low-interest loans to stimulate home improvements.

The 1961 omnibus farm bill expanded the use of marketing orders, extended the school milk program, increased food for peace, and provided the first wheat and feed grain programs since World War II.

The Area Redevelopment Administration was created to help bring new industries and new jobs to depressed areas. The ARA is now working in 1,000 urban and rural areas and has already made 85,000 jobs possible.

The Manpower Development and Training Act was passed to retrain men and women whose skills have become obsolete through automation. Since last August, more than 1,800 training projects for 66,000 unemployed CIX- -1339

or underemployed workers have been approved.

The $900 million accelerated Public Works Act, which will provide jobs to half a million

Americans.

As a result of these and other measures to provide jobs and stimulate the economy, the gross national product has grown at an average rate of 5.5 percent under President Kennedy as opposed to a rate of 2.1 percent under the former administration. In the last 21⁄2 years gross national product has gone up nearly $80 billion. Industrial production is up 18 percent. Total personal income is up $50 billion. Labor income is up $38 billion.

Despite these remarkable achievements, much remains to be done. Our economy's performance still does not measure up to its full potential.

Right now, some $30 billion of annual production potential is going unused. Ten percent of our industrial plant capacity lies idle. Although most of us are prosperous, almost 4 million of our fellow citizens were unable to find work in August-5.5 percent of the entire work force.

A disturbingly high portion of these unemployed are teenagers. The postwar war-baby boom is now coming of age. During the midsixties, the labor force will have to absorb nearly 3 million young people each year, a million more each year than in the midfifties.

The direct costs of unemployment last year-including such things as unemployment insurance, railroad insurance, employment services, and the like-have been put at $4.7 billion. Its indirect costs were equally high. I have no need to tell you that the terrible human cost in tragedy and travail, in drained morale and broken spirits is the highest cost of all; a cost that cannot be calculated.

Its

President Kennedy's tax bill, which calls for both an $11 billion cut in taxes and tax reform, is designed to help end this terrible human idleness and material waste. purpose is to bolster the economy and stimulate employment. It will benefit every family and aid every community in every section of the Nation. I urge you to give it your fullest support.

The brilliant advances made in the past

22 years have not been restricted to economic gains. We have recaptured the initiative in international events. Concrete for

ward steps have been taken in the difficult road to an honorable, just, and sound peace.

In recent weeks two important agreements have been reached with the Soviet Union. One is the so-called "hot line," a direct line between the Kremlin and the White House to be used in emergency situations. This is an important device to prevent miscalculation or fateful misunderstanding in a fast moving or dangerous situation, such as last year's Cuba crisis.

The second is, of course, the test ban treaty, which bars nuclear tests in the air, in space and on the water. It has been hailed all over the world as a historic step in lessening tensions and in preserving humanity from the unknown dangers of nuclear fallout. It has provided an opportunity and pause during which, in President Kennedy's words, "both sides can now gain new confidence and experience in concrete collaborations for peace."

The President has made clear that while we will continue to take every step to break down the walls of hostility, we will at all times maintain our guard. In Cuba last year, the President demonstrated that he can stand up to any Soviet threat or bluff and that we shall tolerate no interference with the rights and interests of this Nation.

In all these matters the President has had RALPH YARBOROUGH's unswerving support. RALPH was an influential supporter of the nuclear test ban, of the Alliance for Progress, and the food-for-peace program. He was also a cosponsor of the Peace Corps, one

of the most sensational successes of this administration. The Peace Corps will have 10,000 volunteers working in 37 countries by the end of this fiscal year. It has captured the imagination of the world, and brought the image of American idealism to the newly emerging nations.

Among the superb achievements of the last 22 years, none has been more impelling than the American feats of space exploration. During this time the National Aeronautics and Space Administration has launched more than 80 space vehicles. They have included not only the dramatic manned-orbital space flights, but weather and communications satellites and deep space probes, that have brought with them invaluable scientific discoveries and data. As a result of better quality control measures and experience, the success factor in launching has increased sixfold since 1960. The Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, initiated by this administration to achieve an early manned-lunar landing, is an example of the brilliant scientific teamwork that has gone into the space effort.

All these steps have been taken over the violent and emotional opposition of the reactionaries. The radical right in this country is noisy, powerful, and well financed, and in many places it seems to be in the ascendancy. Theirs is essentially a negative and hysterical reaction to everything about them. It is a nostalgia for a simpler time, in a society that never was. It is not an attempt to solve problems, it is a desire to wish them away.

The members of the lunatic fringe are masterful at oversimplification. They talk much and loudly about patriotism, but willfully ignore the great complexities and terrible dangers of the modern world. They think that foreign policy is best conducted by rattling sabers and threatening nuclear disaster.

If they ever should gain power in this country, they would bring on vast chaos and disorder, and threaten us all with annihilation. "Foreign policy in the modern world," President Kennedy said last month, "does not lend itself to simple black and white foreign policy is not to provide an outlet for choices of good or evil. *** The purpose of

our sentiments of hope or indignation; it is to shape real events in a real world."

by the radical right's brand of fraudulent patriotism. RALPH YARBOROUGH's views are

The American people will not be fooled

the direct antithesis of theirs-liberal, democratic, for people. He deals with "real events in a real world," not in demagogic cold war emotionalism. That is why they would so much like to drive him out of the Senate. Let us pray that they do not succeed.

I wish RALPH many more years of success. With your help he will be able to continue his magnificent work for the people of Texas and for his country.

SALUTE TO SENATOR RALPH YARBOROUGH

(By J. Frank Dobie)

I salute RALPH YARBOROUGH not as a liberal nor as a conservative. It is not enough that the elected representative of liberal-voting citizens be liberal; it is not enough that the representative of conservative-voting citizens be conservative.

While the great Edmund Burke was in a race to be elected from Bristol to the House of Commons, he said, in effect, to the voters: "My opponent promises that if elected he will vote according to your will, as you choose. I can only promise to inform myself on issues and to vote as an informed conscience directs." A thoroughly informed conscience is a rarity.

I have known RALPH YARBOROUGH as friend and man for many years. He is perhaps the best read man that Texas has ever sent to Washington. His cultivated and disciplined

mind is always seeking information on subjects that Government must act upon. Like other individuals, he travels in a certain direction, but his mind is not closed to facts and conditions warranting a change of mind. The power of intellect to weigh knowledge and to judge justly is his.

We are all for gain. I myself should not always promise and vote as Senator RALPH YARBOROUGH has promised and voted, but mark this: The only gain he has ever sought, consistently or inconsistently, has been public gain. He does not try to milk the public for private profit. He seeks the good of people. Nor is his consideration of humanity provincial minded.

Every man and every woman is judged by his or her sense of values. Whenever the majority of others in any democracy have a high sense of values that country will have become a Utopia. When values of lifevalues beyond money, values that express civilization, enlightenment, and justice for the human race come up, we can count on Senator RALPH YARBOROUGH to stand for those values.

I salute him for his sense of civilized values, for his sense of justice, for his enlightened intellect, for his decency as a human being, and for his integrity.

Resolution Adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Unitarian Universalist Association on October 14, 1963

EXTENSION OF REMARKS

OF

HON. NEIL STAEBLER

OF MICHIGAN

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, November 6, 1963

Mr. STAEBLER. Mr. Speaker, the board of trustees of the Unitarian Universalist Association on October 14 adopted a resolution urging that Congress approve a strong civil rights program.

I take this opportunity to insert the resolution in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.

The board of trustees of the Unitarian Universalist Association, recognizing the seriousness of the deep racial crisis which has gripped the United States in recent months and weeks, and reaffirming the traditional concern of Unitarians and Universalists for the supreme worth of every human personality, the dignity of man, and the use of the democratic method in human relationships, respectfully urges that the Congress of the United States enact meaningful, comprehensive civil rights legislation to redress the legitimate grievances of the Negroes and members of other minority groups.

To this end, we endorse the substance and intent of H.R. 7152 and S. 1751 to strengthen voting rights, make discrimination in public accommodations unlawful, speed public school desegregation, establish a Community Relations Service to mediate racial disputes, extend the life of the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights for 4 years and give it added responsibilities, authorize withholding of Federal funds from programs that are administered in discriminatory fashion; and establish as a permanent Commission the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity.

We urge especially that the Congress erase the humiliation which accompanies the members of minority groups when they are refused accommodations or service in hotels, motels, restaurants, business establishments or places of amusement, and that a public accommodations law cover all establishments, of whatever size.

be made to the bill to add a permanent In addition, we urge that amendments Fair Employment Practices Commission to cover hiring, firing, and promotion in all types of employment and membership in labor organizations engaged in interstate commerce. And, further, that the bill be amended to give the U.S. Attorney General power to bring civil suits in all cases where Americans are denied their constitutional rights because of race or religion.

The civil rights program before the Congress represents minimal objectives at this critical point in our Nation's history. One hundred years after the Emancipation Proclamation, the American Negro finds that in education, in employment, in housing, in the exercise of his rights of citizenship, he is still a second-class citizen. The Congress should therefore act this year to bring to fulfillment the promise of the Emancipation Proclamation.

Selection of Bernard M. Baruch and Representative Carl Vinson as Great Americans for 1963 and 1964

EXTENSION OF REMARKS

OF

HON. HERMAN E. TALMADGE

OF GEORGIA

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

Wednesday, November 6, 1963

Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, the Editor of Dixie Business, a magazine published in Decatur, Ga., has added to its list of Great Americans, Bernard M. Baruch and Congressman CARL VINSON. Also, Vice Adm. William F. Raborn, who was largely responsible for the development of the Polaris missile, was named by the magazine to its Hall of Fame for the Living.

The magazine and its editor and publisher, Hubert F. Lee, are to be commended for these selections, and I ask unanimous consent that Mr. Lee's news release and accompanying endorsements be printed in the CONGRESSIONAL REC

ORD.

There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:

DECATUR, Ga.-Bernard M. Baruch and Representative CARL VINSON today were named a Great American for 1963 and 1964, respectively, by the editors of Dixie Business magazine.

Hubert F. Lee, of Decatur, Ga., for 34 years editor of Dixie Business, said that Mr. VINSON was announced a year in advance as he will have served a half-century of "distinguished public service" in the Congress in 1964-the Lord willing-an alltime record.

Vice Adm. William F. Raborn, U.S. Navy (retired), who was responsible largely for success of the Polaris missile, was named to the South's Hall of Fame for the Living, the honor group of 200 living leaders from which the "Man of the South" is elected each year. Texas-born, Oklahoma-reared, Admiral Raborn is now vice president-program management for Aerojet-General Corp., El Monte, Calif. Mr. Baruch has been on this honor group since 1953.

Lt. Col. John H. Glenn, Jr., U.S. Marine Corps, was the Great American for 1962. Others have included Dr. Charles F. Kettering (1955), Cecille B. DeMille, Helen Keller, Tom D. Spies, M.D., Senator Lister Hill, Oveta Culp Hobby, and R. Manton Wilson, M.D.

Pfc. Hubert F. Lee, Jr., U.S. Marine Corps, stationed at Camp Lejeune, N.C., is honorary chairman of the "A Great American" awards committee.

Mr. Baruch, in a letter, wrote Lee:

"Thank you so much for the honor you bestow upon me by naming me the 'A Great American' for 1963. As I look over the list I feel very pleased indeed, particularly to be between two such fine men as Colonel Glenn and CARL VINSON. VINSON has been a wonderful American, especially in the last trying years."

Senator LISTER HILL, Democrat, of Alabama, the "A Great American" for 1959:

"MY DEAR HUBERT: I commend you on your selections of Mr. Bernard M. Baruch and Hon. CARL VINSON as the 'A Great American' for 1963 and 1964 and would be glad to help in any way I could."

Pfc. Hubert F. Lee, Jr., U.S. Marine Corps honorary chairman of the A Great American

Awards Committee and publisher-designate of Dixie Business: "One nice thing about naming Mr. Baruch for 1963 and Representative CARL VINSON for 1964, nobody will have to ask 'Who is he? or What has he done to deserve it?" "

Senator HERMAN TALMADGE, Democrat, of Georgia: "Congressman VINSON, who has served so long and so statesmanlike in the House of Representatives, is most deserving of this recognition, and I commend you on your choice. In my opinion, it would be most appropriate for a national committee to honor Congressman VINSON next year as he marks a half century of dedicated and outstanding public service.

"With reference to Mr. Bernard Baruch as the "A Great American" for 1963, I am in complete accord and endorse your selection of him for this honor."

Dan Haughton, president, Lockheed Aircraft Corp., Burbank, Calif. (Born in Alabama and on the South's Hall of Fame honor group):

"I was glad to see Admiral Raborn added to the 'Hall of Fame for the Living' and added to the list of nominees for 'Man of the South.' He is a wonderful person and his Navy career was certainly one of dedication and service to our country.

Representative CARL VINSON is an outstanding choice as 'A Great American' for 1964. His lifetime of service to his State and country makes us all proud we are Americans. Mr. Baruch is a great American in any year also."

John J. McDonough, president, Georgia Power Co., "Representative VINSON is a great American and a great statesman. You do well to name him the 'A Great American' for 1964. Mr. Baruch is a grand selection for the 1963 'A Great American' Award."

Gov. Carl Sanders, of Georgia: "I certainly agree that Mr. VINSON has provided his State and his Nation with half a century of distinguished public service. I consider the honor very appropriate, and know he will be delighted to receive it. (It was my pleasure to name you and Hubert, Jr., to my staff as lieutenant colonels.)."

Congressman PHIL M. LANDRUM, Democrat, Georgia. "I think the Honorable CARL VINSON is an excellent selection for your 'A Great American' award for 1964 or any other year."

Congressman CHARLES LONGSTREET WELTNER, Democrat, Georgia. "I think your idea of naming Mr. VINSON as your 'A Great American' for 1964 is an excellent one. His service to our country and to our State certainly is worthy of note."

Adm. David L. McDonald, U.S. Navy, Chief of Naval Operations, in reply to letter re Admiral Raborn:

"There is no doubt that Admiral Raborn is a great American-one whose contributions to his country and to the preservation of its security will long be remembered.

"I am sure Admiral Raborn would be honored by his addition to the South's Hall of Fame for the Living honor group.

"I certainly would be proud to recommend him for any honor which citizens of our great country might desire to pay him."

Senator STUART SYMINGTON, Democrat, of Missouri (first Secretary of the Air Force and himself one of the leaders considered for the A Great American Award):

"There never was a better American or a more able one than Vice Admiral Raborn." Rear Adm. E. M. Eller, U.S. Navy, retired, in letter dated August 30, 1961:

"I notice with interest your Hall of Fame for the Living. If the ballot can be extended I recommend you add Admiral Raborn, father of the Polaris ballistic missile submarine: one of the greatest steps forward in the security in history."

Congressman J. L. PILCHER, Democrat, of Georgia: "I am sure that Congressman VINSON will be delighted with this show of appreciation on your part for his fine service to America and the U.S. Congress."

Don Carter, managing editor, the National Observer, former city editor of the Atlanta Journal: "I applaud your selection of Mr. VINSON. He has certainly made an outstanding record for Georgia."

Brig. Gen. William R. (Bill) Wendt, U.S. Marine Corps, retired, National Chairman Marine Corps Affairs Committee of the Navy League of the United States:

"I am also of the belief that Gen. David M. Shoup, U.S. Marine Corps, CMC, and his designated successor, Gen. W. M. Greene, Jr., U.S. Marine Corps, deserve serious consideration for the honor in the immediate years

ahead.

"Accordingly, I hereby nominate them seriatim for A Great American in 1965 and 1966." (General Shoup was among the top seven for this year's "A Great American" for 1963 selection-editor's note.)

Emeline Nollen, assistant to editor in chief and founder 40 years ago of Time magazine, Henry R. Luce, another of the top seven for "A Great American" for 1963 award:

"Mr. Luce has asked me to thank you for your letter and for the honor that you almost bestowed upon him.

"Of course, the honor of being thought of in the company of Mr. Baruch and the other names you mentioned is a signal one in any case."

John A. Gronouski

EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF

HON. BIRCH E. BAYH

OF INDIANA

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Wednesday, November 6, 1963

Mr. BAYH. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent to have printed in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a speech by Postmaster General John A. Gronouski

at a dinner October 26 commemorating the centennial of free city delivery.

ideas and statistics in support of PresiMr. Gronouski presented significant dent Kennedy's omnibus educational bill, and I would like to identify myself with his remarks.

There being no objection, the address was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:

REMARKS BY JOHN A. GRONOUSKI, POSTMASTER GENERAL, AT A DINNER COMMEMORATING THE CENTENNIAL OF FREE CITY DELIVERY, SHERATON-PARK HOTEL, WASHINGTON, D.C., OCTOBER 26, 1963

One of the first things I heard about the postal service was that letter carriers always know what is happening long before anyone else does. The scheduling of this dinner is a case in point. The date was set months before I even knew I was going to be the Postmaster General. But the letter carriers must have known. Why else would they have set this great celebration on my birthday?

It is a pleasure to be here to help honor Bill Doherty and to commemorate the 100th anniversary of free city delivery. Free city delivery is even older than I am. And it is a lot older than Bill Doherty, even though his name has been synonymous with letter carrier in Washington for about as long as anyone can remember. But Bill is still young and exuberant.

Bill Doherty is one of the great labor leaders of this era. In his 30 years as a national officer of the National Association of Letter Carriers, he played a central role in building unions of Government employees into the influential and responsible organizations they are today.

Bill Doherty was one of the best ambassadors the postal service and Federal employee organizations ever had. The country was fortunate in getting him to put his ambassadorial talents to work for the Nation. He is the first labor leader to become an Ambassador in the Nation's history. From all the reports I get he is doing a brilliant job. Back in 1961, when he was still president of the NALC, Bill Doherty said the following about the personnel policies of the new postal administration: "The labor-management climate is practically ideal. For the first time in our recorded history, our opinions are sought and seriously considered before important policy decisions affecting

us are made."

I am delighted that organizations of Federal employees have flourished under the Kennedy administration and that the Post Office Department has taken the lead in the area of enlightened labor relations. I want to reiterate what I have already said several times since becoming Postmaster General. I intend to carry forward the program of consultative management. My door will always be open to union leaders who have problems which they wish to discuss with me.

Bill Doherty managed to achieve great things without the advantage of a college education. The William C. Doherty Scholarship Fund, which will enable talented sons and daughters of letter carriers to go to college, is a wonderful way to honor him. The

fund is another indication of the marvelous job organized labor is doing to open educational opportunities for its members' children. AFL-CIO unions award more than 1,000 scholarships annually, at a cost of more than $1 million each year.

I feel very deeply that every child who has the talent and ability to make use of a college education should get one. We talk a great deal about equality of educational opportunity in this country, but we do shockingly little about it. Huge differences continue to exist in the kind and quality of education available to our children.

Eight percent of our young people still fail to complete the eighth grade. One-third

never finish high school. Almost half of those who do graduate from high school don't go on to college. Among them are many bright and ambitious youngsters. These young people want to continue their education, but they simply cannot afford it.

Half of the students in private colleges and universities come from families who rank in the top 10 percent of the Nation in terms of income. In public institutions 25 percent come from families ranking in the top 10 percent in terms of income.

This should not really surprise us. It costs about $1,750 to send a boy or girl to college for a year. Median family income last year was less than $6,000. In other words, it takes almost one-third of an average family's entire income to finance a year's college education for a single child. What is a family with nine children-like Bill Doherty's-supposed to do? To me, this is a terrible and depressing situation.

The postwar baby crop is now advancing to college age. College enrollment is expected to double in the present decade, reaching 7 million by 1970. To meet the minimum needs of this enrollment, we should be spending $2.3 billion a year for the expansion of college facilities. So far we are spending only $1.3 billion.

Progressive mechanization and the increasing complexity of American society demand that we sharply upgrade the educational level of our entire population. There are great gaps in the country's need for trained personnel-teachers and engineers, doctors and nurses-but there is less and less demand for people with no significant training.

When are we going to take action to meet this need? When are we finally going to see to it that gifted youngsters are not prevented by weight of economic circumstance from getting the education they require to fill openings in technical and professional fields?

President Kennedy's omnibus education bill calls for substantial Federal aid to increase educational opportunities at every level. Included are provisions for both loans universities, and for assistance to students and grants for construction to colleges and pursuing graduate study. I urge you to get behind this program and give it all the support you can.

I want now to present our city delivery commemorative stamp. The whimsical drawing of a nineteenth century letter carrier walking in the rain accompanied by a small boy and a dog was done by Norman Rockwell. We all take free mail delivery to our homes so much for granted now that it seems a little hard to believe that it began only a hundred years ago. Up until 1863, when free delivery was inaugurated in 49 cities, mail in large communities was delivered by private carriers who charged the recipient 2 cents per letter. Where the penny post as it was called, was not in use, mail had to be picked up at the local post office. Picking up one's mail could be an onerous chore. Lines of people often stretched out for long distances from delivery windows.

Montgomery Blair, Abraham Lincoln's Postmaster General, who instituted free delivery, believed that good service and the convenience of the public should in all instances be the primary consideration of the Post Office Department, a belief we still subscribe to. In 1887, Congress required the Department to extend free delivery to every city with a population of over 50,000, and permitted its extension to smaller communities having a population of 10,000, or gross post office revenues of $10,000. The Department now employs about 170,000 city letter carriers.

The City Delivery stamp is the first commemorative to employ a phosphorescent tagging technique. The stamps are coated with a luminescent material that glows green under the special lamps of a new electronic

mail-sorting machine. Airmail stamps coated with luminescent material will glow red. The new equipment detects stamps, automatically cancels them, and sorts all the envelopes so that they face the same way. It can handle up to 30,000 envelopes per hour. The new gear is an improvement over our older facer-canceler machines which operate on a photoelectric principle. It is a part of our overall program of developing and installing the most modern available techniques in the handling of mail.

I hope that this stamp, which went on sale in Washington today, will remind Americans everywhere of the fine spirit and dedication of the men who deliver the mail.

Use of Taxpayers' Money and Facilities
Money and Facilities
of
Agencies of the Executive Branch
To Advance Political Fortunes of the
Present Administration

EXTENSION OF REMARKS

OF

HON. ROBERT DOLE

OF KANSAS

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Wednesday, November 6, 1963

Mr. DOLE. Mr. Speaker, as a veteran I was deeply disturbed upon reading a news story in the November 2, 1963, Knoxville Journal of Knoxville, Tenn., headed "Vote Hunting Ad in Franked Mail Draws Ire of Residents." The story is critical of a recent innovation in the veterans' benefit program.

Through a cooperative arrangement between the White House and the Veterans' Administration, upon the death of a veteran, a certificate bearing the signature of President Kennedy is mailed to his next of kin. According to the language of the certificate, it is awarded in recognition of devoted and selfless consecration to the service of mankind in the Armed Forces of the United States.

Not content, Mr. Speaker, with forcing this certificate upon the bereaved next of kin of those who now die, the administration is also soliciting the next of kin of those who died many years ago. Next of kin of deceased Civil War veterans and the Indian wars of the 1800's are even being solicited. The facilities of the Veterans' Administration, of course, are utilized in this great public relations campaign.

In a communication addressed "To the Next of Kin of Honorably Discharged Deceased Veterans," the Administrator of Veterans' Affairs, J. S. Gleason, Jr., says:

President Kennedy holds in such high esteem those who have served our country in the Armed Forces of the United States that he has inaugurated his Presidential memorial certificate program. Under his program a certificate bearing his signature is

furnished to the next of kin.

We in the Veterans' Administration help in the President's program by identifying next of kin eligible to receive the certificate.

If you have not received a certificate and would like one (illustrated below), you should complete the enclosed card and mail

it to the President.

This letter is accompanied by a return address card to be sent to the President

at the White House by those desiring the certificate. Approximately 1.2 million of these solicitation letters will be mailed these solicitation letters will be mailed to next of kin this year.

I must confess, Mr. Speaker, that even after several readings of this communication, I was left with the distinct impression that this is the President's personal program financed by personal sonal program financed by personal funds. In truth, however, it is a Federal Government program financed by the Nation's taxpayers.

In a letter of instruction to managers of Veterans' Administration regional offices, the Veterans' Administration's Chief Benefits Director says:

I know I can count on your full support and that, recognizing the significance of the President's program, you will exert every

effort to insure the utmost accuracy in this program, not only in furnishing the full and correct name of the deceased veteran, but the correct name and address of the next of kin entitled to the certificate.

Just what is the significance of the President's program? Could he possibly mean the political significance of this program? I rather think so.

Now, this project seems to be a nice gesture to a bereaved mother or widow. It may give one a warm friendly feeling toward our President which may even But carry over to the next election. seriously, Mr. Speaker, this project, playing as it does upon the emotions of a veteran's loved ones, is in extremely poor taste and quite objectionable and unnecessary.

Certainly the finest memorial that a grateful Nation can provide in recognizing devoted and selfless service is a

sound structure of veterans benefitsadequate compensation or pension payments to disabled veterans and the surfor the children of the service-connected vivors of deceased veterans; education dead; and a hospital system providing care and treatment for those who were fortunate enough to survive our Nation's

war's.

Approximately $60,000 of the Veterans' Administration budget for the last fiscal Administration budget for the last fiscal year was devoted to the distribution of the President's certificate. Undoubtedly this will be increased substantially during the current fiscal year. Now, $60,000 these days doesn't seem like a lot of money, but take a look at what it will buy in essential service to veterans.

For $60,000, the Veterans' Administration can pay 1 year's compensation payments to 20 totally disabled serviceconnected veterans. Educational benefits for 1 year can be given to 45 children of veterans who were killed in action. Thirty-eight widows of men who died in service could be paid death benefits for 1 year.

In the average Veterans' Administration general hospital, 73 veterans could be hospitalized for a period of 30 days. Nursing type care, a service urgently needed in the Veterans' Administration program, could be provided for 6 months for at least 18 aged veterans now occupying beds designed for acutely ill patients.

These are but a few of the things, $60,000, well spent, can accomplish. Mr. Speaker, if this project is indicative of the administration's effort to include in their fiscal program only those expendi

tures which meet strict criteria of fulfilling important national needs or if this project represents the efficient and frugal conduct of the public business, both promised in the budget message, then I suggest we are being deceived.

Equally alarming, Mr. Speaker, is the fact this project seems to be a part of a pattern-a pattern in which the taxpayers' money and the facilities of agencies of the executive branch of the Federal Government are being used to advance the political fortunes of the present administration. Let me illustrate.

Soon after this administration assumed office, the Veterans' Administration announced that the 1961 dividend due on Government life insurance policies would be paid early. This in itself is commendable. Included with the dividend check mailed to all policyholders, however, was an insert labeled "Important Notice." The first sentence reads:

The VA is paying ahead of schedule the 1961 dividend on Government life insurance as part of the President's program for advancing the economy.

The propriety of advertising the President's program in this manner at taxpayers' expense is certainly questionable.

During the 87th Congress, a bill increasing the rates of compensation for service-connected disability was enacted into law. Now, normally you would expect the insert accompanying the monthly check to contain an impersonal message advising the veteran that an increase had been authorized by public law.

Well, here is how the first line of this commercial reads:

President Kennedy has signed a law increasing service-connected compensation rates for disabled veterans.

Certainly, a paid political announcement could expect no better results than this type of advertising.

Under an administration where managed news has become a household word, it is certainly no surprise to see this policy extended as outlined above. However, it is tragic that the energy devoted to creating the most favorable image for the President and his brothers, Bobby and Teddy, could not be used for something other than the political perpetuity of the Kennedy family. One of our major service organizations has the motto "To Honor the Dead by Helping the Living," and with this thought in mind perhaps someone in the Veterans' Administration or in the executive branch of this administration might delay their public relations efforts long enough to assist ex-Marine Noble Frank Smith, a Bataan death march survivor now married and the father of five children in his difficulty with the State Department. According to recent news reports, the State Department has asserted that Mr. Smith's wife and son owe the U.S. Government $1,421 for emergency war relief given to them while Smith was in a Japanese prison camp and they were interned in Shanghai for 2 years.

I include herein a breakdown of costs of the mass memorial certificate mailing monstrosity along with a copy of the memorial certificate and copy of the self-serving notices veterans received