this type of Communist warfare, in which each well-trained guerrilla soldier can pin down 10 or 15 defenders.

Even on the scale on which it is now being fought, the war in Vietnam is taxing our resources and our capabilities.

It is frightening, therefore, to think of what would happen if we were ever confronted with a hemispheric Vietnam, with guerrilla uprisings occurring simultaneously in Brazil and Venezuela and Colombia, and Panama and Nicaragua and Guatemala, and then spreading out to other countries.

This prospect is neither a pipedream nor a nightmare.

On the contrary, there are official pronouncements by Castro Cuba and by other Communist sources which make it clear that the Communists are even today organizing for the objective of a hemispheric Vietnam.

In this plan, Castro Cuba plays the role of North Vietnam. And, as Castro's official newspaper Revolucion has spelled out the next stage of Communist policy in Latin America, "Colombia and Venezuela form the nucleus of a vast South Vietnam of Latin America."

CASTRO'S RECORD OF AGGRESSION

In January 1964, a tremendous cache of arms was discovered on the coast of Venezuela.

A special commission of the Organization of American States which was set up to investigate this cache unanimously reported that the arms originated in Cuba and that they were surreptitiously landed on the Venezuelan coast "for the purpose of being used in subversive operations to overthrow the constitutional government of Venezuela."

On the heels of this report, the OAS, with the single exception of Mexico, decided to sever diplomatic relations with Cuba.

This was held up at the time as a major victory in isolating Castro from his Latin American neighbors, and as a death blow to

subversion.

But 1 year later we find that Castro subversion has been intensified and that it is being carried out more and more openly and with even greater success.

We have witnessed the overthrow of governments in Bolivia, Ecuador, and the Dominican Republic.

Riots and terrorism threaten the foundations of the governments of Panama, Guatemala, Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru.

And, in every case, Castro-trained plotters are identified with these disturbances and insurrections.

In July of 1963, the OAS issued a report dealing with Soviet activities in Cuba.

In this report it named 10 major guerrilla warfare training centers.

But, despite this exposure, Castro has stepped up his training program for Latin American guerrillas so that Castro today operates no fewer than 30 guerrilla camps in which Latin American cadres are trained in

the art of subversion.

After they are trained, they are reinfiltrated into their homelands, where they are skillfully working to overthrow the legiti

mate governments.

The Dominican crisis is eloquent testimony to the effectiveness of these trained infiltrators.

Guerrilla training camps have been recently located in the Panamanian province of Chiriqui and in the capital of Guatemala. In the latter case, troops captured a large

cache of Cuban weapons.

The grave implications of these discoveries are that we may soon face self-propagating armies of Communist guerrillas in this hemisphere-armies which will no longer be completely dependent on their Cuban base.

When that happens, Cuban-sown time bombs will explode one by one throughout Latin America, or conceivably they will be

CXI-1409

And the Communists make no secret of their intent.

The record is full of comments by leading figures in Castro's government to the effect that Cuba is indeed the North Vietnam of this hemisphere.

Castro's guerrilla chieftain, Maj. Ernesto "Che" Guevara, has publicly embraced Latin American guerrilla leaders in training in Cuba-Jose Cardona, and Tiro-Fijo from Colombia; German Layret of Venezuela, and others.

Cuban broadcasts blanket Latin America with propaganda, inciting riots and encouraging terrorism.

Havana radio openly broadcasts instructions to guerrilla bands in other Latin American countries.

For example, in a broadcast to Haiti on August 9 of this year, the Havana radio carried a lecture by "a guerrilla of the Venezuelan Armed Forces of National Liberation."

"The lecture," said the announcer, "deals with his experiences in northern Venezuela and it will serve as valuable orientation for revolutionaries. To the people of Haiti, Latin America, and the whole world the lecture will show that they must conduct their own revolutionary processes."

The lecturer then proceeded to describe how the urban and suburban detachments of the Venezuelan rebels had been organized; how they had sought to win the support of workers and peasants with reform slogans; how they had extended the guerrilla area of influence, instructed the peasants in the use of arms and explosives, and given them political indoctrination; established operation centers for guerrillas in the towns; and finally how they had proceeded to establish a combined command for the various sectors of the guerrilla movement.

The lecture on guerrilla warfare even included a passage inciting its listeners to the kind of terrorist murders that have characterized the Vietcong insurgency in Vietnam. "There is another kind of influence," said the broadcast. "For example, in a village where there is an enemy of both the peasants and the guerrillas, he is tried and executed. There have been many cases in which the results of this kind of influence had been extraordinary."

The incitations to violence are not confined to Latin America. I do not think that it is in any exaggeration to suggest that the broadcasts over Castro's Radio Free Dixie by the renegade American Negro, Robert F. Williams, have played a role of some importance in inciting extremist elements in the American Negro community to the kind of violence that we have witnessed in recent weeks in Los Angeles and Chicago and other centers.

In 1962, Ecuador broke relations with Czechoslovakia when it was found that the Czech Embassy was selling Skoda industrial products in Ecuador and turning over the proceeds to Castroites in that country.

Only last fall the Bolivian Government also broke relations with Czechoslovakia. Riots which overthrew the Government were traced to the Czech Embassy and to the military and financial support that it gave to Castroite terrorists in that country.

Moscow itself publicly issued a communique which targeted seven nations in this hemisphere to be overthrown by Cuban exported subversion. It went so far as to line up all Communist parties in this hemisphere in support of Castro.

The huge Soviet Embassy in Uruguay acts as one of the several direction centers of subversion in Latin America, while the role played by the Chinese Embassy in Brazil prior to the overthrow of the Goulart government is a matter of documentary record.

Despite the differences which divide them as nations, a Communist consortium appears to be biding its time in Latin America until its trained guerrilla forces are ready to strike. If they strike simultaneously in a number of Latin American countries, I am afraid that we may be confronted by a "continental war," as it is described by Moscow, which will make the Dominican uprising and even the Vietcong insurgency appear minor affairs by comparison.

THE ANDES "THE SIERRA MAESTRA OF SOUTH AMERICA"

I have already spoken about the danger in Central America-in Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, and Nicaragua—and of the danger in the southern Caribbean countries of Venezuela and Colombia.

There is, in addition, evidence that Castro is setting up a series of headquarters and way stations in the Andes Mountain.

Shortly before taking power in Cuba, Castro boasted that he would convert the Andes into "the Sierra Maestra" of South America.

There are increasing indications that Castro is on the way to achieving this goal.

From Bolivia comes reports that La Paz has become a center of Communist arms running and subversion throughout the Andes, with the Cuban Embassy in La Paz acting as a de facto headquarters.

From Chile comes the report that the capital city of Santiago is the seat of a CastroCommunist headquarters headed by two veteran Bulgarian Reds, Ivan Tenev and Konstantin Telalov.

From Peru there comes a report that, when several Communist youths were captured in the course of a guerrilla attack on May 20, they confessed that they were part of a larger Castroite operation intended to bring terror and guerrilla warfare to key areas of the country.

over Radio Free Dixie. I quote Robert F. Williams' words verbatim:

"We are injured by racial injustice. Let the thug cop and the racist savages view our indignation through the razor, the lye can, the gas bomb, and the bullet who despise us and brutally oppress our people be prepared to kill or be killed *** let

* * let those

our people take to the streets in fierce numbers and let their battle cry be heard around the world: Freedom, freedom, freedom now or death."

THE ROLE OF THE OTHER COMMUNIST COUNTRIES But it is not just a matter of Cuba.

Those who talk about a détente with the Soviet Union or about the so-called "desatellization" of the European satellites, would do well to examine the activities of

THE WAY OUT

At its meeting of July 26, 1964, the Orgacondemned the Government of Cuba for its acts of aggression and intervention against Venezuela.

In addition to voting to sever all diplomatic connections and suspend all trade and transportation between their countries and Cuba, they warned the Castro government that, if it persists in its acts of aggression and intervention, the member states of the OAS reserve the right to defend themselves, either individually or collectively, not excluding the resort to armed force.

I believe that the time has come to reexamine, on an emergency basis, our entire policy toward Cuba and Latin America.

We cannot afford the luxury of waiting and doing nothing until the flames of a Vietnamese or Dominican-type insurrection erupt

at a dozen different points in the troubled countries of Latin America.

As for Castro, the time has come to accept the simple unescapable fact that Castro must

Those who believe that all of our Latin American troubles would disappear overnight if we simply sent in the marines to unseat Castro have woefully oversimplified the situation.

For the fact is that, with only a few countries excepted, the masses of the people in the Latin American countries are abysmally poor; the propertied classes-apart from an enlightened minority-are narrow-minded and grasping, and opposed to social progress; and their social structures remain virtually untouched by the vast reforms that have swept through most of the civilized world in recent decades.

If Castro were removed by the marines tomorrow and if nothing were done to improve social and economic conditions in the Americas, then, as surely as night follows day, it could be predicted that we would be confronted with another half dozen Castros in various parts of the hemisphere over the coming decade.

But those do-gooders who urge that we push reforms in Latin America, and simply ignore the menace of Castroism, are just as blind and just as wrong as those who urge that we send in the marines tomorrow.

The mere existence of the Castro regime and its subversive network makes social reform and economic progress virtually impossible.

It makes chaos and violence an epidemic condition throughout the Americas; and it produces an outpouring of frightened capital that far exceeds the intake of new capital through the Alliance for Progress and private investment.

The problem of Latin America will never be solved and we will have no security in this hemisphere unless we embark on a simultaneous program, without delay and with all possible urgency, to put an end to the menace of Castroism and to bring the American Revolution to the suffering and impoverished and freedom-hungry peoples of the hemisphere.

For it is we, and not the Communists, who are the true revolutionaries.

It is we who stand for freedom and justice and human equality, we who have found the key to a better life for the masses of the people while the Communists, in every country where they have seized power, have coupled the total slavery of the mind with an infallible genius for reducing agricultural production and stultifying progress in general.

I would like to see the OAS or the Alliance for Progress commit itself at their next meeting to the goal of a hemispheric revolution.

I would like to see a hemispheric attack on the problems of illiteracy and disease and housing and poverty.

I would also like to see the kind of sweeping land reform program that the Chinese Nationalist Government has carried out in Taiwan put into effect in the many Latin American countries where the majority of the peasants still do not own their own land.

I would like to see a massive program of assistance to the institutes of higher education in the Americas so that they can turn out more graduates in business and public administration, in agriculture and geology and marine biology and all the fields related to the expansion of social resources and the proper management of society.

Needless to say, no such hemispheric program can be carried out without massive support from our own country.

I, as one Senator, would be prepared to vote for such massive support because I believe that we could make no better investment from the standpoint of our own security.

gram to help the Cuban people liberate themselves from the tyranny of this alien despot.

To those who say that Castro cannot be overthrown, my answer is the example of the Hungarian revolution.

I do not pretend to have worked out a solution in all its details.

These are only some of the things that can and must be done.

But the essential thing is that Castro must go and Cuba must be liberated so that the countries of the Americas can together embark on that true democratic revolution which we in our country have pioneered, and which points the way to the future for all mankind.

EXHIBIT I

0300]

0300 GMT, Aug. 21, 1965]

UNITED STATES

There have been six major demonstrations and revolts against the Castro regime over the past 2 years.

The last revolt took place only several weeks ago when a village of some 300 families went on a hunger strike.

The army was sent in and the entire population was taken by truck to the nearby city of Sancti Spiritus.

And all of these uprisings and demonstrations, I want to emphasize, took place without the slightest encouragement or support from the United States.

Guerrilla bands, too, are operating against the Castro regime, with no support or public encouragement from outside.

Just over a month ago, the Castro regime made the revealing admission that the official antiguerrilla forces, which are called the fighters against bandits, had liquidated over 1,000 civilians and guerrillas in just three of Cuba's six Provinces.

Fidel Castro himself said on July 26 that his soldiers had wiped out "counterrevolutionary bands," with the exception of three unidentified groups. Castro upped the figure of civilians and guerrillas killed to 2,005.

It is significant that Castro has claimed the extinction of guerrillas on three previous occasions, but they always pop up again.

Obviously, he is beset with more problems than meet the eye.

If the Cuban people can accomplish this much without any assistance from the outside, then I say that we have every reason to be confident that, given the assistance to will prove to the world that they are capable which they are entitled, the Cuban people of making their own Hungarian revolution.

We must put an end to the folly of restraining and handicapping those patriotic Cubans who seek to bring aid to the freedom fighters in their homeland.

We must accord them at least the same freedom of action that we accorded the fol

lowers of Castro when they were working for the overthrow of the Batista regime without any interference of any kind from the American authorities.

Basing ourselves upon the recognized facts that the Castro regime is guilty of aggression and intervention against its neighbors, we must, as a measure of legitimate selfdefense, publicly commit ourselves to the liberation of the hemisphere from the menace of Castro subversion and aggression.

We must put teeth into our embargo on trade with Cuba. And here I would like to suggest a declaration that if a ship of any company discharges or takes on cargo in Cuba, all the ships of this company should be barred from entering American ports for a period of 1 year thereafter.

I would also like to urge that we bring more pressure to bear on our allies than we have heretofore brought, to put an end to this traffic which undermines the security of the hemisphere and our own security.

(Excerpts): Greetings my brothers and sisters. We are witnessing the beginning of a ferocious and devastating fire storm. We are living in an age of great upheaval. We are living in an age of violence and revolution. We are living in an age where the angry cry of freedom rises from every quarter as the slave rises to challenge the enslaver. We see passions pent up for centuries burst from the miserable heart of the bondmen and set the streets aflame with insurrection. Yes, we see mighty racist America quiver from the impact of a terrifying shock wave of freedom.

Yes, Los Angeles, Los Angeles. The glorious spirit of our brutally dehumanized people of the ghetto has restored our selfrespect, our human dignity. Los Angeles is a warning to oppressive racists who know they can no longer enjoy immunity from retribution for their brutal crimes of violence and oppression of our people.

Our shining hour is fast approaching, and let us prepare to make the most of it. We are not alone. Our friends are many, and they are daily becoming even more powerful. My brothers and sisters, the Afro-American has no enemy any place in the world other than in racist America. Look about you. Take a good look. There you will see the only enemy you have on this earth. He is the one who hates you. He is the one who abuses you. He is the one who blows the heads off little black girls praying in Sunday school. His hands are the ones stained with the blood of Emmet Till, Mack Charles Parker, Medgar Evers, and countless others.

My brothers and sisters, times are critical. They are going to become ever more critical. We are facing a future wherein the streets shall become like rivers of blood. Let us be prepared to fight to the death, organize, arm, learn to shoot and to handle explosives. When the impending showdown comes, use the match and the torch unsparingly. The flame of retribution must not be limited to urban buildings and centers, but the countryside must go up in smoke also. Remember the forests, the fields, and the crops. Remember the pipelines and oil storage tanks.

Yes, let it be known to the world that we shall meet their sophisticated weapons of violence with the crude and simple flame of a match. We cannot escape our historical mission of destiny any more than our oppressors can escape the destiny of retribution.

THE MOUNTING REFUGEE CRISIS IN SOUTH VIETNAM

Mr. TYDINGS. Mr. President, today's New York Times carries an article akt the work of the Refugees and Escapees Subcommittee of the Senate Judiciary Committee chaired by the able and distinguished junior Senator from Massachusetts, EDWARD M. KENNEDY.

For the past 2 months, the subcommittee has been holding extensive hear

ings on the mounting refugee crisis in South Vietnam. The hearings have probed deeply into the problems and dilemmas involved in the humanitarian effort to help these hundreds of thousands of homeless men, women and children fleeing from their war-torn villages and rice fields.

As a member of Senator KENNEDY'S subcommittee, I am delighted to note that the subcommittee's work has apparently resulted in a significant change in administration policy toward the refugee problem in South Vietnam. For the first time, a major portion of our AID program in South Vietnam will be directly devoted to the health and proper settlement of these needy and hapless refugees. The problems are substantial. There is much to be done but it is heartening that we are taking important steps in the right direction.

Great credit is due to the distinguished junior Senator from Massachusetts for under his effective leadership the work of the subcommittee has been constructive and productive. I am sure that under his able chairmanship, the subcommittee will continue to explore and recommend further improvements and solutions in our programs toward refugees.

I ask unanimous consent, Mr. President, that today's article from the New York Times, written by their able correspondent, Richard Eder, be reprinted at this point in the RECORD.

There being no objection, the article was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:

U.S. REFUGEE PLAN FOR VIETNAM SET-SENATE HEARINGS DISCLOSED INCOHERENCE OF PRIVATE AND PUBLIC PROGRAMS

(By Richard Eder) WASHINGTON, August 30.-The United States, reversing a previous policy, is setting up a full-scale program to assist the 400,000 refugees made homeless by the Vietnam fighting.

The decision to make refugee assistance a principal concern of the U.S. aid mission in Vietnam was in large part a result of recent hearings on the refugee problem conducted

by Senator EDWARD KENNEDY of Massachusetts, according to U.S. officials.

Eight hearings held by a Senate subcommittee on refugees of which Mr. KENNEDY is chairman brought out, as one high official of the Agency for International Development said, that "in effect we have had no refugee program as such."

SEVERAL STEPS TAKEN

Over the last 3 weeks the State Department and the Agency have taken a number of steps to set one up. Among them are the following:

Approximately 40 officials of the Agency for International Development in Vietnam have been put to work full time on refugee problems. A great many other members of the 700-man AID mission will spend a major part of their time dealing with refugees. For example, according to one AID official here, 80 percent of the public health team will be assigned to refugees.

The administration is looking for a candidate to fill a new high-level job coordinating refugee programs. On one hand, he will act as an adviser to the Saigon Government. On the other, he will be able to draw on all the resources of the AID mission for assistance.

The first thorough studies of the refugees are now being made. These will include how

many there are, where they are and how they are living, and in just what ways they are being helped now.

ESTIMATES ARE TENTATIVE

The U.S. Government does not now know how many refugees there are. South Vietnamese Government figures, which are not considered accurate, give rise to tentative estimates that there are 200,000 in camps and an equal number crowded into urban slums. Virtually all of these came in during the Vietcong offensive in February and March, and during the monsoon fighting of May, June, and July. In recent weeks the influx appears to have tapered off somewhat. in 1964 and earlier have been resettled.

Still another 200,000 who fled their homes

Aid administered by private agencies, which was to run at $8.5 million this year, is expected to rise considerably. Furthermore, the private agencies are expected to work out a program for closer cooperation work out a program for closer cooperation with each other and with the U.S. program.

The Senate hearings disclosed a lack of proper coordination. A coordinating committee set up in Saigon has been rather inactive, the hearings showed.

he would send Dr. Howard A. Rusk, director Today President Johnson announced that of the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of the New York University Medical Center, to study the private agencies' work in Vietnam.

Dr. Rusk, who helped to organize a program of relief for refugees from the Korean war, is expected to survey the opportunities for overcoming what is described as the spotty overcoming what is described as the spotty use by the agencies of available U.S. logistic support.

private relief work, as well as the means of

In Vietnam, the United States has had the Government send teams around to provincial Government send teams around to provincial governments to spur their programs. Some $12 million is available to the provincial authorities, but little has been spent.

In part, according to officials here, this stems from the fact that many provincial officials are unfamiliar with the rules for using this money. In other instances, the officials do not want to spend the money for fear of being accused of favoritism by the residents of the area.

ESTIMATES ARE DIFFICULT

Since many details are still being worked out, officials here are unable to give a close estimate of how much the program will cost. One rough estimate was $20 million. Any calculations are complicated, however, by the fact that much of the aid will be a rechanneling of existing programs.

For example, the major part of U.S. health, education, and possibly housing programs in Vietnam will now be specifically aimed at the refugees.

Until now, according to AID officials, the United States has not had specific programs for the refugees. They received without special emphasis, a portion of the assistance under regular programs. Former Ambassador Maxwell D. Taylor and his aid chief, James S. Killen, believed that refugee assistance should be an initiative of the Saigon authorities with the United States providing help as requested.

Partly because of a lack of interest and competence and partly because of the massive increase of refugees, this formula was not working.

According to AID officials, this was brought home by a series of alarming reports from the interior. Henry Cabot Lodge, the new Ambassador, told the Senate subcommittee earlier this month that the situation was gravely unsatisfactory.

According to officials here, the new program will still be designed to work through the Saigon government as much as possible. The difference will be that the United States

will now take an active part in recommending measures and in providing money, personnel, and political pressure.

TRIBUTE TO MRS. GENIE MCGLASSON OF LINCOLN, NEBR., FOUNDER OF THE AMERICAN LEGION POPPY DAY

Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President, a distinguished Nebraska lady who, over a long period of years, gave in vast measure the efforts of her heart and hands to the welfare of the Nation's disabled veterans has passed from the mortal scene.

On July 28, 1965, Mrs. Genie McGlasson died at Lincoln, Nebr., at the age of 87. Mrs. McGlasson long will be revered as the founder of the American Legion Poppy Day, an event which has done so much to further the rehabilitation and child welfare work carried on by the American Legion. Although originated by Mrs. McGlasson as a local effort, Poppy Day since has spread across the land and is nationally recognized as one of the American Legion's major programs.

Indicative of the place of affection and esteem she occupied is the fact that the funeral service for Mrs. McGlasson was the first ever held at the Veterans' Administration hospital at Lincoln.

dent, that two articles be inserted in the I ask unanimous consent, Mr. Presi

RECORD at this point. They are taken from the August 1965 issue of the Legion Auxiliary Star, department of Nebraska.

There being no objection, the articles were ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:

SHE LEAVES A SPOT THAT WILL BE HARD TO FILL

Mrs. Genie McGlasson, rehabilitation chairman and hospital director for the American Legion Auxiliary, department of Nebraska for 36 years, died July 28, 1965 in Lincoln, Nebr., at the age of 87.

Mrs. McGlasson had spent all day Friday of the previous week at her regular duties, volunteer hospital director of the Lincoln Veterans' Hospital; and was returned there on Saturday, July 31, to receive final honors from statewide friends. For the first time, a funeral was held at the 35-year-old hospital. The 10 a.m. service took place on the lawn before the open west porch where Mrs. McGlasson and patients years ago listened to band concerts. Salvation Army Maj. Charles Duskin officiated, assisted by the Reverends Thomas Holoman and Loren Pretty, hospital chaplains. A poppy blanket made by Lincoln members of the American Legion Auxiliary covered the casket and paid tribute to Mrs. McGlasson as the originator of the American Legion poppy. In 1921 Mrs. McGlasson taught a small group of disabled veterans to make crepe paper poppies and sell them on street corners, with the proceeds going to the Legion's rehabilitation and child welfare committees. The poppy program has been adopted by the national organization.

A charter member of the Lincoln American Legion Auxiliary, Mrs. McGlasson had given unselfishly of her time, talent and self to promote and carry on the many phases of the rehabilitation and hospital program for the American Legion Auxiliary.

During her years with the auxiliary she served on the first unit welfare committee; was elected to the first department executive committee; attended the first national convention in Kansas City in 1921 and was elected president of Lincoln unit 3 in 1923.

She also was named national committeewoman from Nebraska in 1926; was appointed

national chairman of the convention held in Omaha in 1926; traveled to the Paris, France, convention and was elected national chaplain; and also served as national community service chairman, and member for the national rehabilitation committee.

The feelings of a multitude of friends and associates in the State of Nebraska as well as members of the National American Legion Auxiliary, are summed up in the words given by Dr. J. Melvin Boykin, hospital director of the Lincoln VA hospital, "She leaves a spot

that will be hard to fill."

A DOER OF GOOD

Mrs. Genie McGlasson, 87, longtime resident of Lincoln, is dead.

She will be remembered for a long while as the woman who started Poppy Day. But we are sure that this national institution was

not started for her personal aggrandizement. She was too sincere for that.

Mrs. McGlasson was of the World War I generation who found her great life interest in veterans affairs, and, especially, the welfare and comfort of the men whose lives

were wrecked by war. The Lincoln Veterans Hospital was more to her than a community asset. It was the place where disabled veterans would be required to spend their lives. They could not go out into the world, but

she brought the world to them-a very good

world.

There is not much a disabled veteran can

begun similar data processing instruction and the first graduation of inmates from this training program has been held.

Recently the magazine published by the employees of the Indianapolis Works employees of the Western Electric Co., described in some detail the excellent results achieved in helping to train prisoners for this important new field. Because it has national significance, I ask unanimous consent that this article in

the August 1965 issue of Dial Tone be printed at the conclusion of my remarks. There being no objection, the article was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:

CONVICTS, COMPUTERS, AND THE NUMBERS GAME

Behind the high prison walls that once held budding badman John Dillinger, inmates of Indiana's maximum-security reformatory at Pendleton have figuratively shed their blue collars to learn data processing, one of America's fastest growing white-collar professions.

Not far from where other convicts are learning more conventional semiskilled repair or service trades, a carefully screened group of young prisoners staff the first data processing training school ever set up inside a prison.

Reformatory inmate No. 46252 (names will

William L. Perrin, Indiana Department of Corrections official who's been closest to the program since its start in 1961, explained what the training does for inmates.

"Jail is the most degrading experience a man can ever go through," Perrin explained. "The one thing an inmate loses is his self-respect. Brought here," he said in a tour at Pendleton, "stripped of his civilian clothes, quarantined and slapped in a cell, he's at his lowest ebb."

Progressive-minded rehabilitation officials feel that the exacting work of data proces

families, though they're used universally in conversations here) characterizes the elite

Mrs. McGlasson taught them how to take a little wire and a little crepe paper and make poppies. Then it naturally followed that the poppies would be sold to the public and the

returns dedicated to the American Legion's rehabilitation and child welfare committee. An infinite amount of comfort to a great many resulted from her plain idea. A little wire, a little crepe paper, some willing disabled veterans developed enormous power for good. It is something that science has not been able to match, nor ever will because it includes the precious element of humanitarianism as it exists in people.

Mrs. McGlasson's work succeeded beyond measure but she exemplified the good that human compassion and interest can do and she heads the list of the many who with less acknowledgment and smaller effect do the same. We call that kind blessed.

CONVICTS, COMPUTERS, AND THE

NUMBERS GAME

Mr. BAYH. Mr. President, an age-old problem confronting those who administer penal institutions is how best to train and rehabilitate inmates for the time they will be able to resume a normal life in society. In the State of Indiana much progress has been made in developing meaningful and useful programs to instruct prisoners how to become skilled members of trades or professions.

In the last few years the Indiana Reformatory at Pendleton has pioneered in providing specialized training in the operation of electronic computers and has established the first data processing school in the United States which is inside a prison. Most of the equipment and materials used for this data processing center has been donated by various private companies while several experts have generously given their time to help prisoners acquire the necessary knowledge and techniques. The experiment has proved so successful that three other penal institutions in Indiana have

ter.

Bright, with an aptitude for data processing work, he has survived one of the toughest inmate screening boards and the most rigorous training course in the institution. Chances are he'll be a low-risk parole violator when he gets out.

And the success of the program in the past 4 years has led skeptical prison officials to consider this one of the most promising, progressive self-rehabilitation efforts ever undertaken.

FIFTEEN-HOUR DAY

One role of the center is to train fellow inmates; another is to process data for the institution. During his 15-hour-long day, No. 46252 teaches computer classes for new students and handles his share of the burgeoning workload. He earns between 8 and 18 cents a day.

In the 4 years of its existence, the data center has expanded from a dingy three-room basement suite to more spacious, and colorfully decorated, quarters covering some 6,000 square feet. square feet. The inmate-computer expert is proud to point to what is considered one of the largest data processing libraries in the Midwest, jammed with books donated by sympathetic companies and individuals.

Donations have kept the program alive during its existence. "The interest and support from individuals, companies, and organizations has been overwhelming," wrote the center's inmate director in his latest annual report. Thus far, the center has received equipment, books, and training materials

valued at more than $250,000.

Some of the equipment-obsolete forms, surplus IBM wiring boards, and miscellaneous accessory equipment-has come from Western Electric's data processing department. ment. In all, some 2 tons of equipment were trucked from Shadeland to the reformatory.

a characteristic lacking in so many prison populations-precise analytical thought

processes and a measure of self-confidence. Underlying the entire program is the hope of employment for trained programers, analysts, statisticians, and repairmen once the graduates leave prison. Yet only 7 of 17 parolees who've received certificates of graduation have landed computer jobs.

DROPOUTS NUMEROUS

If getting a computer job on the outside is difficult, being accepted into the training is more so. Last year, of 127 who applied for the program, only 53 were accepted. Only 14 of that 53 were issued the DPMAendorsed data processing diploma.

What kind of prisoner is selected for the program? "We're looking for an individual who's trying to help himself," explained a long-term inmate supervisor, "but who can also produce something for us."

The philosophy established by the center's inmate founders is that once a man completes training, he is expected to train others. "We want to perpetuate this program," another inmate earnestly declared.

Once skeptical reformatory officials have allowed the program to expand, and now heartily endorse this type of white-collar rehabilitation. Center inmates have responded to this confidence by compiling more than 300,000 man-hours free of supervision with only one violation of prison regulations.

SPREAD TO PRISONS

From its start at Pendleton, data training in one form or another has spread to classes by inmates of the Indiana State Prison in Michigan City, the Women's Prison in Indianapolis, and the State Farm at Putnamville. The first graduation of inmates of all four institutions was held in May at Pendleton.

Cost of the program to the State has thus far been a meager $500, largely in stationery supplies, in the 4-year history of the pro

Yet careful inventory controls provided by data processing have led to savings in purchases, although exact figures are hard

to pin down.

Despite the careful, rigorous training, and the strong desire of the inmate graduates, there are few jobs awaiting them. Willingness to hire ex-convicts is tempered by bonding requirements and other restrictions.

"As far as business acceptance is concerned," says Bill Perrin, "the same thing we're fighting now, mental health fought 30 years ago."

CUBA'S BLUEPRINT FOR

SUBVERSION

Mr. DODD. Mr. President, in the August 1965 edition of the Reader's Digest, I found an article of exceptional merit, which I would like to call to the attention of my colleagues. It is written by Kenneth O. Gilmore, and it is entitled "Cuba's Brazen Blueprint for Subversion."

The article presents, in damning detail, the role Castro's Communist agents are playing in fomenting guerrilla and terrorist activities in Venezuela, Guatemala, Panama, the Dominican Republic, and other Latin American countries.

It tells of "bibles of terror," that Castro exports along with his so-called revolutionaries.

The article relates how heavy weapons, clandestinely placed in Venezuela, were traced through their factory markings to purchases Castro made in Belgium.

Let me quote what the article said

about this arms cache:

Several of the weapons were rushed to Fabrique Nationale d'Armes de Guerre at Herstal-Uz-Liege Belgium, whose trademark had been left on: Fabrique Nationale, the largest private arms manufacturer in the Western World, had filled an order by the Cuban Army for 22,500 automatic rifles on March 23, 1959. Now company experts examined the rifles, dug up at Macama and reported that "the coat of arms of Cuba was stamped in the place where a cut has been made.

On February 24, 1964, the OAS Commission presented its verdict on the Cuban arms cache found in Venezuela:

The shipment was made up of arms originating in Cuba that were surreptitiously landed at a solitary spot on the coast for the purpose of being used in subversive operations to overthrow the constitutional Government of Venezuela. The objective of the Caracas plan, was to capture the city of Caracas, to prevent the holding of elections on December 1, 1963, and to seize control of the country.

In his concluding remarks, Mr. Gilmore cites a warning by Secretary of State Dean Rusk:

When Secretary of State Dean Rusk called for sanctions against Cuba last summer, he pointed out that "subversion supported by terror, sabotage and guerrilla action is as dangerous a form of aggression as an armed attack." And he added these significant words: "Today it is Venezuela which is under attack. Is there any one of us who can say with assurance, 'It cannot be my country tomorrow'?"

Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the article entitled "Cuba's Brazen Blueprint for Subversion" be printed in the RECORD at this point.

There being no objection, the article was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows:

CUBA'S BRAZEN BLUEPRINT FOR SUBVERSION (By Kenneth O. Gilmore) On the northern coast of Venezuela's Paraguaná Peninsula, there is a lonely stretch of

beach in a small inlet known as Macama. Half a mile from this beach, in a two-room stucco hut, lives 24-year-old Lino Gerardo Amaya, a wiry, quiet campesino. On the morning of November 1, 1963, Lino and his 18-year-old brother, Pedro, set out along the beach in search of a lost goat. They came upon two men in bathing suits, standing on the shore looking out to sea. Beside them was a shiny 16-foot aluminum boat with a handsome outboard motor. The taller of the two calmly waved his hand. "Hello, Frank, how are you? Don't you work for the Creole

company?"

"I'm not Frank," replied Lino, "and I never worked for Creole."

Lino didn't find his goat that day. But shortly before 5 p.m. he and his brother headed back to the beach, fishing poles in hand. All that day a thundercloud of suspicion had been building up in his mind. What were those two strangers up to?

At the beach the brothers found the boat

and outboard motor. And more. The coarse dark sand was scuffed with footprints-lots of footprints now etched by the lengthening shadows. And something else. A rope mark, its coils clearly imprinted in the sand, led

from the water toward a tree.

Lino followed the mark, Pedro behind him. At its end they spotted the corner of a piece of canvas. They pulled it up. Underneath lay a large dark bag. They dragged it out and loosened a thick drawstring. Four auto

matic rifles. And layers of bulging cartridge

belts.

On hands and knees they pawed away more sand and found more sacks of rifles, more cartridge belts. And now that they looked harder, it was apparent that a large section of sand was loose and soft ahead of them. Lino sprang up. "We've got to tell the police," he said.

BURIED TREASURE

Shortly before 10 p.m. Lino arrived at the Jadacaquiva police station. He told his story to the prefect, Antonio Lugo, who immediately relayed the news to Police Commandant Eusebio Olivares Navarrate, at Punto Fijo, the largest town on the peninsula. Olivares roared off for the lonely beach with five jeeploads of policemen.

like pirates seeking lost treasure, grunting, Soon the police were digging into the sand heaving, hauling. In 15 minutes, Olivares had seen enough. He switched on the radio in his patrol car, gave the stunning news to the State Governor, Pablo Saher.

It took 4 hours to hoist the entire deposit from its temporary grave. The hole in the ground was 8 feet deep, 6 feet wide, and 90 feet long. The cache-automatic rifles, machineguns, antitank guns, mortars, bazookas, demolition charges and thousands of rounds of ammunition-weighed 3 tons.

In Caracas, the Venezuelan capital, President Rómulo Betancourt was awakened at home and briefed by phone. He ordered a naval patrol of the peninsula and sent a special alert to every security and military agency in the country. For 2 years Fidel Castro had boasted that he would export his Cuban revolution to the mainland of South America. Oil-rich Venezuela was his prime target. "With victory in Venezuela," cried Cuba's old-line Communist boss Blas Roca, "we shall not longer be a solitary island in the Caribbean confronting the Yankee Venezuela's Communist Armed Forces of Naimperialists." Castro-trained guerrillas of tional Liberation (FALN) had terrorized the countryside in an attempt to paralyze the nation. They had dynamited oil pipelines and bridges, burned stores and warehouses, robbed banks, raided police stations, kidnaped and murdered officials and blasted the streets with sniper and machinegun fire. More than 50 policemen had been cut down in the streets of Caracas alone, and twice as many civilians.

But never before had the FALN been equipped with mortars and bazookas. Obviously something special was afoot.

A NEW LEAD

At the heavily protected Caracas headquarters of Venezuela's state security police (Digepol), Chief of Investigation Orlando Garcia Vázquez studied a surveillance report that had just come to his desk. It was late Monday afternoon November 3, exactly 48

hours after Lino had looked under the canvas. The report disclosed that at 10:30 a.m. that day a young woman known to have Communist connections was seen near the home of Eduardo Machado, a Venezuelan Communist Party boss. She was followed to a cafe on Negín Street, where she sat Fifty minutes chatting with three men. later all four drove to a complex of four housing units known as Urbanización Si

món Rodríguez.

The woman strolled to building No. 1 and took the outside elevator to a fourth-floor apartment, No. 49. Her companions loitered in the area, making sure she was not being followed. Two hours later she came back to city, where she was observed talking with the car and sped to the old section of the

several leaders of Central University's Communist-controlled student federation, some of whom had recently returned from Cuba.

Inspector Garcia was sure apartment No. 49 was "hot." Too many precautions had been taken. "I think we had better hit this

place as soon as possible," he told his boss.

Shortly after midnight five Digepol agents in two groups sauntered toward building No. 1, chatting and laughing as if returning from a party. Garcia and two agents took the elevator to the fourth floor, while the others climbed the stairs, the only other exit.

Garcia knocked gently at apartment 49. There was a shuffling of slippers. The door opened a crack, revealing a middle-aged woman in a nightgown.

"We've come with a search warrant," said Garcia, shouldering his way in. "Is anyone else here?"

The men began to hunt, opening closets, pulling out drawers, looking under beds and in toilet tanks. Under one corner of the

suspect's bed two objects were extracted: the first, a small light-blue airline traveling bag full of drawing equipment and materialsink pens, tracing paper, rulers, compasses, crayons.

"What are you doing with these?" Garcia asked López.

"I've never seen them before," López answered, as if bored.

At first, Garcia thought the second item was a Bible. Book-size, it was enclosed in a dark-brown leather case with a zipper on three sides, the kind of covering often used for a Bible. Inside was a looseleaf notebook. Garcia flipped through some 70 pages. found that he was holding an instructor's manual on the handling of arms and explosives-an FALN "bible."

Garcia glanced at the man on the bed. "This belong to you?"

"No."