About a fortnight before he was arrested, he one day faid to me, "I begin to think you are right in your conjectures, and that Madame de Valois is the woman you have defcribed." He then, for the first time, related to me the tranfaction about the necklace, and communicated his fufpicions and fears that it had not been delivered to the Queen. This corroborated my former opinion.

The next day the. Prince informed me that the Countefs and her husband had, fearing the confequences of the above affair, fled for thel. ter to his house, and that they requested letters of recommendation for England or Germany. The Cardinal afked my advice in the bufinefs. I told him there was but one way left, viz. to deliver her into the hands of the Police, and go directly to Court, and lay the whole matter open to the King and his Minifters. he objected to as repugnant to his feelings and generofity. "In this cafe," faid I," God is your only refource." The Cardinal, however, having refufed giving them the letters of recommendation, they fet out for Burgundy, and I have heard nothing of them fince."

This

On the 15th of Auguft the Cardinal was arrefted. Several perfons obferved to the Count, that as he was among the Prelate's friends, he might poffibly share the fame fate. But confcious of his innocence, he replied that he was perfectly refigned, and would wait with patience whatever God or the government should ordain.

Accordingly, at half paft feven o'clock in the morning, on the 22d of Auguft, a Commillary, an exempt and eight myimidons of the Police entered his houfe, and after rummaging his fcrutoires, dragged him on foot in the most opprobrious manner, till a hackneycorch happening to pafs by, he was permated to enter it, and was conducted to the Battile; to which place his wife was likewife commitOn the 30th of January 1786, after five

ted.

months confinement, he underwent an examination; in which he invariably perfifted in declaring his innocence. During this interroga. tory the following question was put to him:

Q."Your manner of living is expensive ; you give much away, and accept of nothing in return; you pay every body; how do you con trive to get money ?"

A. "This question has no kind of relation to the cafe in point; however, I am willing to give you fome fatisfaction. Yet, of what importance is it to have it known, whether I am the fon of a monarch, or the child of a beggar; why I travel without making my felf known, or by what means I procure the money I want? As long as I pay a due refpect to the religion and laws of the country, difcharge every obligation, and am uniformiv doing good to all around me, the question you now put to me is improper and unbecoming. I have always taken a pleasure in refufing to gratify the curiofity of the public on this ac count, notwithstanding all the calumnies malice has invented against me. I will never thelefs condefcend to tell you what I never revealed to any one before. Know then, that the principal refource I have to boast of is, that as foon as I fet my foot into any country, 1 there find a banker who fupplies me with every thing I want: thus in France, Sariafin de Bajle, or Monf. Sancolaz at Lyons, would give me up their whole fortunes, were I to afk it; but I have always requested thele gentlemen not to fay they were my bankers. In addition to thefe refources, I derive farther afiftance from my extensive knowledge."

The Count feems determined to keep his fe cret; and for reasons best known to his judges, has not yet recovered his liberty. As matters, however, feem drawing near a favourable con. clufion with the principal in this mysterious bufinefs, it is more than probable he will be permitted to wander about Europe again, af ter fuffering a punishment fufficient in his opinion "to expiate the greatest crimes"— a confinement of feveral months in the Ba ftile.

IN the Monthly Review, Vol. XL. 1769,

an abitract is given of the History of the Royal Academy of Sciences of baris, for the vear 1764, in which we read the following pallages.

“Under this clafs of the Memoirs, the Hiftorian of the Academy has drawn up an Eilay on Dwarts, founded on a relation read at the Academy by the Count de Treilan, and on

the

certain reflections of M. Morand on that fubjest. The Count in his relation gave history of Bebé, a Dwarf kept by the late Stanislaus, King of Poland, and who died in 1764, at the age of twenty-three, when he meatured only thirty-three inches. At the time of his birth, he measured only between eight and nine inches. We have there taken notice of the fcapt nefs of Bebé's reasoning fa

culties, which do not appear to have been fuperior to those of a well-taught pointer; but that the fize and strength of the intellectual powers are not affected by the diminutiveness or tenuity of the corporeal organs, is evident from a still more striking inftance of littlenefs, given us by the fame nobleman, in the perfon of Monfieur Borulawski, a Polish gentleman, whom he faw at Luneville, and who has fince been at Paris, and who at the age of twentytwo measured only twenty-eight inches. This miniature of a man, confidering him only as to his bodily dimenfions, appears a giant with regard to his mental powers and attain. ments. He is described by the Count as poffeffing all the graces of wit, united with a found judgement and an excellent memory; fo that we may with juftice fay of M. Borulawski, in the words of Seneca, and nearly in the order in which he has ufed them," Poffe ingenium fortiffimum ac beatiffimum fub quolibet corpufculo latere," Epist. 66.

There are feveral curious circumstances relative to Count Borulawski left unnoticed in this account. He was the fon of a Polish nobleman attached to the fortunes of King Staniflaus, who lost his property in confequence of that attachment, and who had fix children, three dwarfs, and three well-grown. What is fingular enough, they were born alternately, a big one and a little one, though both parents were of the common size. The little Count's youngest fifter was much less than him, but died at the age of twenty-three. The Count continued to grow till he was about thirty, and has at prefent attained his 47th year, and the height of three feet two inches. He never experienced any sickness, but lived in a polite and affluent manner under the patronage of a lady, a friend of the family, till love at the age of forty-one intruded into his little peaceful bofom, and involved him in matrimony, care, and perplexity. The lady he chofe was of his own country,

but of French extraction, and the middle fize. They have three children, all girl, and none of them likely to be dwarfs.

To provide for a family now became an object big with difficulty, requiring all the exertion of his powers (which could promife but little), and his talents, of which mufic alone afforded any view of profit. He plays extremely well upon the guittar, and by having concerts in feveral of the principal cities in Germany, he raised temporary fupplies. At Vienna he was perfuaded to turn his thoughts to England, where it was believed the public curiofity might in a little time benefit him fufficiently, to enable him to live independent in fo cheap a country as Poland. He was furnished by very respectable friends with recommendations to feveral of the most diftinguished characters in this kingdom, as the Dutchefs of Devonshire, Rutland, &c. &c. whofe kind patronage he is not backward to acknowledge. He was advifed to let himfelf be seen as a curiofity, and the price of admission was fixed at a guinea. The number of his vifitors, of courfe, was not very great. After a pretty long stay in London he went to Bath and Bristol, vifited Dublin and fome other parts of Ireland; from whence he returned by way of Liverpool, Manchester, and Birmingham, to London, where he now is. In every place he acquired a number of friends, In reality the ease and politeness of his manners and address please no less than the dimi nutive, yet elegant, proportions of his figure aftonish those who vifit him. His perfon is pleasing and graceful, and his look manly and noble. He fpeaks French fluently, and Englifh tolerably. He is remarkably lively and chearful, tho' fitted for the most serious and rational converfation. Such is this wonderful little man-an object of curiofity really worthy the attention of the philofopher, the man of taste, and the anatomist.

the diligence with which he has laboured it: I leave to the learned the care of collating his authorities, and confine myfelf to a topic that lies more open to common obfervation.

But

upon

upon fuch intellectual kickshaws, will find himself cheated, as a child whom the paint and the fugar of fweet-meats tempts to indulge his voracity, till a pallid appetite forces him to relinquish, or a fick ftomach to difgorge, his favoury, but far feiting dainties. Somewhat like this at least was the effect of Dr. Gillies's History on me. I opened it with expectation, and proceeded fome way with alacrity; but I foon began to lose all relish, and was often ready to quit the feaft with difguft.

It will, I think, be granted, that Dr. G. is deficient in that force of mind which is neceffary to the philofophical hiftorian. He feldom dilates the conception of his reader, or produces thofe ftrokes by which narrative is converted into painting. To fpeak with reverence, I would fooner place him by the fide of Xenophon than of Tacitus; happy, had he but taken for his model the fimplicity of the Grecian! He might, at leaft, have been an ufeful and an agreeable chronicler. But I fear that an inordinate paflion for oruament has feduced him into a ftyle which will be difgufting to men of taste, and dangerous to those whose tafte is not yet fecure againft the influence of bad example; a style feldom elegant, frequently vulgar, and generally feeble.

I hope the following inftances will ferve to fhew that this opinion is not thrown out at random.

1. Nothing is more characteristic of a falfe tafte than an indifcriminate profufion of the most forcible epithets which language affords. This impropriety is perpetually recurring. We have immortal rivers, immortal republics; inimitable productions and inuxitable excellence occur in the fame fentence: and again, within the fame page, inimitable author: inimitable charms of the fancy, vol. I. p. 211. inimitable qualities of a virtuous prince; the imita tive, though inimitable expreffions of the Grecian tongue. Detached fentences cannot give a proper notion of this defect. Nothing but a perufal of the book can make the reader fully fenfible of its difagreeable effects. A few harth founds do not give much moleftation; but a continuance of them teazes, and at laft becomes quite tormenting.

The Doctor would do well to study Warton (Fily on Pope) on the appropriation of epithets, before he publishes his fecond edition. His epithets are feldom more applicable to one fubject than another. He is determined to be fine, but his finery is of a coarie and vulgar kind.

2. Akin to this abufe of the verba ardentia is the proftitution of the boldest and most poetical figures of fpeech. As Homer, defigning an hero by fome of h's diftinguithing qualities, inftead of fimply faying Hercules,

fays the might of Hercules; fo, according to Dr. G. "the fon or Clinias is allied"-not to Perictes, hut by fome Platonic affinity" to the eloquence and magnanimity of Pericles."

3. If on fome occafions he uses expreffive words with too great freedom, on others he neglects to use them when he ought. "The ardent paffion of Paris for beauty enabled him to brave every danger."

4. His ftyle is every where enfeebled by tautology. Sir John Suckling ridicules a fafhion prevalent among fome authors of his time, of excluding adjectives from compofi tion altogether. One of his characters expreffes his admiration of the stately march of a row of substantives. Dr. G. on the contrary, feems determined to take away from the fub ftantive its grammatical privilege of standing alone.

"Merited fame and well-earned ho nours," p. 183. "Effeminate softness and licentious debauchery," p. 190. "Soft effeminacy." "Mean gratification of an ignoble paffion," p. 192. "The majestic mufe of Stefichorus was of a more elevated kind." We should have been just as wife if the Dr. had told us, that the elevated mufe of Stefichorus was of a more majeftic kind. "The fire, animation, and enthusiasm, of his genius," p. 203. What is the difference between the fire, animation, and enthusiasm of a poet! "Bodily firength and agility were accompani ed by bealth and vigour of conflitution," r 205. What information is intended to be conveyed by this fentence? When was bodi y frerg?'. seen separate from bealth and vigne of conflitution?" Caufes which it was eaty to conjecture and impoffible to mistake." Pray, when did it come to pass that things which could not poflibly be mistaken were matters of conjecture? that is, of doubt; for conjecture implies doubt.

5. But we are not offended by tautology and affectation alone; the fame rage for ornament betrays him into downright nonfenfe. Speaking of Anacreon's poems, he fays, "there may be difcovered in them an extreme inti oufness of manners and a fingular voluptuouí. nefs of fancy, extending beyond the fenfes, and tainting the foul itfelf," p. 199. Now what fort of extreme licentioufnefs is it, and fingular voluptuoufnefs of fancy, that does not extend beyond the fenfes, nor taint the feel itfelf?" Sappho breathed the amorous flames by which he was confumed, while Alcæts declared the warmth of his attachment." p. 198. "Thefe weapons improve the courage as well as the vigour of the foldier,"p. 206. No claffical bigot having, I believe, dreamed of any peculiar charm in the weapons of antiquity, this must be a new difcovery; and Dr. G. in order to complete it, would d well to prepare a memoir for the French

Academy

Academy of Belles Lettres, pointing out those qualities in the Greek fwords and fpears which rendered them more favourable to courage and vigour than the bayonet of the European, or the tomohawk of the Indian. Whoever defires information on the effects produced by the arms of the ancients, will And good fenfe and elegant language in Heyne's paper, Comm. Goett. Vol. V. p. 117. "Gracefully danced towards the right round the well-replenifhed altar," p. 203. "The most exalted fame cannot extend with equal facility to diftance of time and distance of place." What has exalted to do here? We should perhaps read, "The most extenfive fame cannot extend, &c. "The two first stanzas of the ode being of an equal length were either of them longer than the third." As this fentence ftands, its meaning feems to be, that the first two stanzas were longer than the fecond, becaufe they were of an equal length: but perhaps Dr. G. only means, that if A be equal to B, and longer than C, B will likewife be longer than C.

6. He frequently becomes ridiculous by expreffing trivial things in pompous phrafes, Nil mortale fonat. In his mock-heroic ftyle, abufe or a blow is " the reproaches of the tongue, or even the more daring infult of the band."

7. So conceited a writer could not refift the allurements of antithefis. Aiming at this, which he often does, and commonly with the fame fuccefs, he makes "admiration, glory, refpect, splendour, and magnificence, the melancholy attendants of the fhade of Archilochus," p. 197. Contrafting the lyric poets, he fays, "We have many inimitable odes of Pindar, and many pleasant fongs of Anacre

on," p. 197. How are the odes of Pindar contradistinguished from the pleasant songs of Anacreon by being called inimitable? But inimitable can never come with impunity within his reach.

8. He has caught the newspaper trick of ufing participles for adjectives; as detefted for deteftable, refpected for refpectable, revered for venerable, chaftifed principles, &c.

9. He debafes his language with other Gallicifms; for the laft-mentioned fault is derived from the fame fruitful fource of corruption; as, actual for prefent, actually for at prefent, paffim ad nauseam usque; remounts to the he roic ages; to remount to their fource; retrace ; to affure the destruction of the enemies; defultorious ardour.

10. Clufters of adjectives without the conjunction copulative, are inconfiftent with the genius of the English language; "clear comprehenfive mind;" "grofs indecent infolence.”

These inftances will fufficiently support Dr. G.'s claim to a distinguished rank among the nervelefs and affected writers, though I am afraid they will lofe much of their effect by appearing feparately. I have quoted the pages where many of them occur, both that the curious reader may have an opportunity of comparing them with the context, and that it may appear how thick fuch beauties are sown; and not because other parts have been robbed for the fake of this. Nor have I produced every thing which drew my attention even in this narrow compafs; for there are many patches which lofe their glare when detached, as fmall inequalities pafs unobferved unless the eye take in at the fame time the plain over which they lie fcattered.

way ftrikes more forcibly, and makes clearer

as well as more lasting impreffions than a tedious, formal ftyle and manner. The truth of the observation, μɛya Bißλior peya xanor,

Uu2

was